新世纪版八年级下学期U3L3

1、Lesson 3 Signing Up for Camp1. 签名，署名 vt._ 12目标；目的 _2（常作表语）岁的_ 13费用；花费 n_3学费 n. _ 14家庭杂物；日常事务_4宁可，宁愿；相当 ad 15报名参加 _ _ 16真实生活经历_ 5每，每个 prep. _ 17宁可，宁愿_ 6设计 _ 18放弃_ 7自信的；有信心的a_ 19帮助解决难题_ 8协作；配合_ 20.服侍 _ 9政府n. _ 21寄宿家庭_ 10开办；经营；管理_ 1l. 基金；基金会 n. _词组链接 trips to science centers去科学中心参观 wilderness trip野外旅行

2、real life experiences 真实的生活经历 English training per week digital directing数字编导 每周的英语训练 a lot of language camps 很多语言营 summer football camp 足球夏令营 holiday plans 假期计划 run a variety of summer camps sign up for the Science Camp 经营各种夏令营 报名参加科学营 go hiking徒步旅行 outdoor adventure 户外冒险 on picnic 野餐一、词汇精讲 1sign v

3、t. (signing; signed; signed)签名，署名 课文：I think I'd rather sign up for the Science Camp.(P87) 我认为我最好报名参加科学夏令营。 拓展：sign up for=enter for报名参加某项活动 sign in/out签到退；sign with sb与某人签约 e.g. All visitors must sign in on arrival 来客均须签到。 The band signed with Virgin Records乐队同维京唱片公司签了约。 辨析：sign up/enter for; t

4、ake part in/join in; join Sign up for/enter for 报名参加（课程、比赛等） Take part in/join in 参加（某项活动）；Join 参加（某个组织）；加入（某人一起某事）2tuition m学费 课文：It says here the tuition is RMB l, 000 for only ten days.(P87) 这里写着学费是仅10天就要10 00元人民币。 拓展：tuition为不可数名词;tuition fee，也是学费的意思，但这个词组是作可数的名词用。专指各种课的学费，尤其是大专院校的学费。辨析：tuition;

5、 expense; fee Tuition 专指学费，各种课程的费用， Expense “花费”、“费用”、“开支”之意； Fee （付给私人教师、医生等的）服务费、酬金；（考试的）报名费、（加入俱乐部的）会费 例句：His yearly tuition is $ 15,000. 他每年的学费是1万5千美元。 You can claim back your travelling expenses. 你可以报销差旅费。 There is no entrance fee to the gallery. 这家美术馆不收门票。3.design (designing; designed; designe

6、d)设计课文：We have designed an adventure camp for teenagers aged 15 to 18.(P91) 我们为年龄15到18岁的青少年设计了冒险夏令营。 为青少年设计一个冒险夏令营拓展：design sthfor sblsth为某人或某物设计 be designed to do sth为了做某事（而设计） new and original design别具一格的新型设计方案 designer n设计师；策划者例句：The book is designed to help out students with oral English. 这本书是为帮

7、助学生的英语口语而设计的。4confident自信的；有信心的课文；Do you want to become confident? (P90) 你想变得自信吗？拓展：confident of sth对肯定的；对确定的； confidence n.信心；信任；自信心；把握；肯定 confidence in sb/sth信赖某人，相信某人；a lack of/lack confidence缺乏自信例句：I'm confident that you can win the race 我肯定你能赢得田径比赛。 The players all have confidence in their

8、manager. 队员都信赖他们的教练。5run 讲跑 可(running, ran, run)开办；经营；管理课文：The government of the United States of America runs a variety of summer camps for school children(P92)美国政府为在校生举办各种各样的夏令营活动。拓展：run作为动词“经营；菅理”时，指经营、管理某项商业或机构；也有“提供，开设（课程、服务）”的意思。 run a business管理企业；run sb's life操纵某人的生活 a badly run company经

9、营不善的公司state-run industries国营行业e.g. To run a large hotel is not easy管理好一家大型酒店是很不容易的。My father ran a camera store last year. 我父亲去年经营了一家照相器材 商店。6. aim订，目标，目的v&谢(aiming; aimed; aimed)瞄准；对准课文：The aim of the fund is to help poor children from New York City spend summers in the country(P92) 这个基金会的目的是为了

10、帮助来自纽约市的贫困儿童在乡下度过夏天。拓展：with the aim of sth带着的目的，为了做某事with aim of finding a job为了找工作；achieve the aim达到目标 aim at doing sth.=aim at/for sth力求达到；力争做到 be aimed at目的是，旨在,aim at sth瞄准，对准（射击） e.g.He went to Beijing with the aim of realizing his dream. 他到北京来是为了实现他的梦想。 We should aim for a bigger share of the

11、market. 我们应该争取更大的市场份额。 They're aiming at training everybody by the end of the year. 他们力求做到年底前人人得到培训。 The gun was aimed at her head. 枪瞄准了她的头。二、语块深解 l. give up放弃 课文：I have to give up.(P87)我不得不放弃。 拓展：give up放弃；投降；认输；对不抱希望 give up to do sth.放弃做某事（放弃还没做或正要傲的事） give up doing sth放弃做某事（放弃正在做的事） give in屈

12、服，投降，上交give away分发，泄露，出卖 例句：To be more healthy, you should give up smoking. 想要变得更健康，你应该停止吸烟。 You must give in your examination papers now. 你们现在必须把你们的试卷交上来。 She gave away all her money to the poor. 她把自己所有的钱都分给了穷人。2.help out (with)帮助解决难题（摆脱困境；完成工作）课文：The children develop a sense of responsibility by h

13、elping out with chores like making beds and waiting on tables.(P92)在此过程中，孩子会通过铺床、准备就餐等一些家务来培养责任感。拓展：help out帮助解决难题；help sb. out with sth帮助某人摆脱的困境 be willing to help out 急人之难例句：When I bought the house, my sister helped me out with a loan. 我买这所房子时，我姐姐借给了我一笔钱解决了我的燃眉之急。 How strange! Our little emperor n

14、ow asks to help out with shopping.三、重点句型1Making a film has always been my dream.拍摄一部电影一直是我的梦想。 点津：making a film为动名词短语，在句子中做主语。动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数。动名词做主语有以下三种形式： 名词在句首直接作主语； it在句首作形式主语，动名词短语在后面做真正的主语； There be+no+动名词。 注意：动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。 例句：Seeing is believing 眼见为实 It's no

15、 use crying over split milk. =There is no use crying over split milk.覆水难收。2. Host families from thirteen states and Canada volunteer to have children spend thesummer with them(P92)（美国）13个州和加拿大的接待家庭自愿让孩子们和他们一起共度这个夏天。点津：本句中的have sbdo sth意为“使某人做某事”，have在此作使役动词，和make、let的用法一样后接动词不定式时在主动句中不带to。而在被动语态中则不能

16、省略to。E.g. -My mother never has me do extra exercises.-I am never had to do extra exercises by mother.我妈妈从不叫我做额外的功课。四、社交套话1.Im just kidding(P87) 我只是开玩笑而已。点津：本句型常用于自己说了什么让别人生气或为难的话，然后说这句话缓解对方的情绪，让对方不要把自己说过的那些不好的话当真。“Are you joking?”这是口语中很常用的人们之间经常说的话。意思是“你在开玩笑吧？”，对于表达对别人所说内容的吃惊。 例句：-I'm going to m

17、arry next month. 我下个月要结婚了。 -Are you kidding? 你不是在开玩笑吧？2. That sounds great(P87) 听起来不错。点律：本句型常用于对于别人所说的建议或者事情等感兴趣对一个提议的回答，认为不错，回答用“That sounds great/good”， =That/It sounds a good idea=It seems a good idea e.g. -Let's go on a picnic this Sunday这个周日我们去野餐吧。 -That sounds great/good. 听起来不错。三、语法讲解would

18、 rather(not) do的用法一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”，后接动词原形，常省略为d rather，表示优先选择的一种方式。其否定形式是would rather not do sth 没有人称和数的变化would在此不是表达“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词，且无词性、时态变化。例句：Mr. Li would rather not listen to rock music李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。 If you'd rather be alone, well all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。二、如果在两者中

19、进行取舍，表示“宁愿而不愿，与其宁可”的意思时，则可用would rather.than.或would.rather than.的句型。Would (rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选用的动词相同，那么than后的动词可以省略。使用wouldratherthan.句型时要注意“平行结构”，即在than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。例句：I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。 1 would rather have noodles

20、than rice. 我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。三、在疑问句式中，would rather与would rather.that.中的would要放在主语之前。例句：Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里，还是回家？Which would you rather have apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉？四、would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型。Would rathe

21、r+从句中，谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来，其意为“宁愿；还是好些”，引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。例句：John wants to see me today.I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想来看我。我宁愿他明天来而不是今天。 I would rather you had not done that。 我真希望你没有傲那件事。 注意：如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。 例句:I would rather hav

22、e gone to the theater than stayed home night. 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。五、would rather和prefer/would prefer的区别1would rather后跟动词原形+than+动词原形，而prefer后跟动名词十动词不定式。有时prefer后面也可跟名词，而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。例句：He prefers wine to beer. = He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。2某些prefer+名词的情况不能用would

23、 rather完全确切地表达出来。例句：He prefers dogs to cats他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫。 He would rather have dogs than cats他宁可养狗而不愿养猫。3would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替would prefer+带to的不定式。例句：I'd rather fly than go by sea=I'd prefer to fly我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。4would rather和would prefer后面都可跟完成时，但后者带to。例句：I'd rather have gone by air. =Id

24、prefer to have gone by air. 我本想乘飞机去。（事实上不是乘飞机去的）中考链接 (2008·45题)-Would you like to play table tennis with me? -I don't like it. I would rather at home and watch TV. A.stay B.to stay C.staying D.stayedI将左栏词汇与右栏的正确释义配对 ( ) l.design A. the purpose of doing sth. ( ) 2.tuition B. to be in charge

25、of a business ( ) 3.teamwork C. feeling sure about your own ability to do things and be successful ( ) 4.confident D. the activity of working well together as a team ( ) 5.run E. the money that you pay to be taught ( ) 6.aim F. to think of and plan a system, a way of doing sth.根据句意和汉语注释写出各单词的正确形式 l.

26、 He has no idea how to （经营）a business. 2.She was in a relaxed，_ （自信的）mood. 3.The basic _（设计）of the car is very similar to that of earlier model. 4.She went to London with the （目的）of finding a job. 5.I did （家庭杂务）at home last weekend,根据所给要求，改写下列句子。每空格陬填一词l. I'd prefer to watch TV at home（对划线部分提问）_

27、 _you prefer to do?2.It is too expensive for the student to buy that coat（保持句意基本不变）The student can't _ _ buy that coat.3.My father is in charge of a restaurant（保持句意基本不变）My father _ _ a restaurant.4.The tuition of the course is $ 3,000（对划线部分提问） _ _ is the tuition of the course?5.We are confident

28、in saying that the new record will be broken soon（保持句意基本不变）We _ _ that the new record will be broken soon.6.would rather, paid, tomorrow, he, us, the money, we(连词成句）_ Exercise 2I选择量恰当的答案( ) l. This is my advice, don't be too confident with strangers. Which of the following is correct for the und

29、erlined word?( ) 2. _stamps is his hobby. A. Collect B. Collecting C. To collect D. Collected( ) 3.I read the weather forecast on the newspaper. It_ that it is gonna rain tomorrow. A. says B. say C. saying D. said( ) 4.I would rather you _ here yesterday. A.were B.are C.had been D.was( ) 5. heard th

30、at Danny won the race! _ He is too fat to run fast! A.Are you kidding? B.It is impossible. C.Don't worry. D.Don't mention it.( ) 6.What can we do to the poor? A. go out B.come out C. bring out D.help out( ) 7.I the competition next week. A.took part in B.signed up for C.joined in D.attended

31、( ) 8.I _ play tennis than golf. A.would rather B.would rather to C.prefer D.prefer to将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次A. Forgot B. picked C. broken D. same E. remembered Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes brought him_ 1 umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London.

32、 They were mended there. One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He _2_ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing beside the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown_ 3 _up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train.

33、Just as he was getting off, he was stopped by the man. He said angrily, "That's mine!" Mr. Browns face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once. When Mr. Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at each of them, he said, &quo

34、t;You've mended them very well." In the afternoon he got into the train again. The_4 man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr. Brown and his six urnbrellas, "You've had a lucky day,"用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。每空格限填一词1. I have_in you.(confident)2. She is a famous costume_,(design)3. Th

35、e _ has been considering further tax cuts.(govern)4. He decided to give up himself because he could not afford the medical _ .(expense)5. We will go _ this weekend.(hike) 在下列句子中填入适当单词，首字母己给l. We are going c_ in the forest.2. The camp provides science classes, trips and real life e_.3. Whats the t_ f

36、or this course?4. My father r_ the restaurant by himself.5. I e_ for the garden competition.6. There are more than 100 people s_ up for this sports meeting.选择适当的词组完成下列句子A. sign up for B. aimed at C. give up D. helped out E. would rather( ) 1.I _ stay home than go to school.( ) 2.A girl _ me when I l

37、ost myself in the strange city.( ) 3.I didn't _ my study when I was ill.( ) 4.Would you like to_the painting course?( ) 5.The plan is _ reducing unemployment by 50%.选择正确的词或词组替换划线部分A. have confidence in B. run C. give up D. aged E. would rather F. has( ) l. We have to not _use the plan any more.(

38、 ) 2.He prefers to have dogs.( ) 3.My father has been in charge of the store for five years.( ) 4.I feel confident about the future of rock-and-roll music in China.( ) 5.The old men always are experienced.( ) 6.Tom makes all the classmates laugh.一、能力提升I根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案One morning in April, Jim Reed c

39、hecked his e-mail. He found a strange message on the e-mail. It was from a woman in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He had talked to her on e-mail many times in the last ten days. All the other messages were fun and interesting to read. This message was different. It said, "Good-bye loved knowing you

40、. I'm leaving.” Mr. Reed was frightened by the message. He tried to understand the words that were not spelled right. He quickly wrote a message to his new friend. "What do you mean by the message you just sent me?” He waited but did not get an answer. He wrote back again. “Please talk to m

41、e.” Finally she wrote, “I am falling asleep and want to say goodbye to my friends.”Mr. Reed thought hard about this message. "Is she going to kill herself?”he thought. “What is your phone number?" he typed. The woman sent a phone number. Mr. Reed called. At first the phone was busy. Then i

42、t just rang and rang. He called directory assistance in Pittsburgh. They connected him with the police. Reed told the story. Then he faxed them what his friend wrote. The police and paramedics quickly went to the womans house. When she didn'tanswer the doorbell, they broke in. They found her on

43、the floor near the computer. She told them, “I took 60 pills.” The paramedics rushed her to hospital. “Mr. Reed did a great job of saving this woman," the police captain said. "If he hadnt guessed at the e-message, she would be dead." The woman is fine now.( ) l. Mr.Reed _. A. met his

44、 new friend by telephone B. saw his new friend somewhere before C. wrote e-mail to his new friend for ten daysD. talked to his new friend about strange things( ) 2.The e-message he found was strange_. A. because it was fun to read B. for it was interesting to read C. because the words were wrongly .

45、spelled D. because the message was not fun and interesting like usual ones( ) 3.The woman wanted to_. A. make fun of Mr. Reed B. say hello to Mr. Reed C. fall asleep a whole day D. kill herself by taking pills( ) 4.It was the womans _ that saved her life. A. computer B. telephone C. e-message D. dir

46、ectory assistance( ) 5.We can guess that _. A. the woman will be Mr. Reed's wife B. the police will punish the woman for her foolishness C. Mr. Reed will be a policeman to save more people D. Mr. Reed will receive praises from the public( ) 6.We must _ Mr. Reed. A. learn from B. look after C. he

47、lp D. write a letter toII. 选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文Just how well do you read? You may find this question_l to answer. If a friend asks how tall you are, you may hand him a ruler and tell him to measure you. But you can't_2 your reading ability with a ruler.Here is one way to judge your reading a15ility.

48、Take from your desk the book you are using this year-the textbooks needed for English, maths and science. Read a few paragraphs from each textbook. Then 3 yourselves these questions. Do I read these books easily? Is it difficult for me to get the information from these books? Am I struggling(挣扎)thro

49、ugh each book-looking at each word much and much, but still not able to 4 what the words mean? Most people and you need to make their reading better. The fifth grade pupil knows that the 5 for the sixth grade will be even difficult than those he is using now. The middle school student knows that he

50、must get ready to read books written for high school boys and girls, The 6 school student knows that he must prepare to read college texts. And so it goes. Most people say,”I want to help myself.”( ) 1. A. easy B. well C. difficult D. bad ( ) 2. A. say B. weigh C. put D. measure( ) 3. A. answer B. t

51、ake C. read D. ask( ) 4. A. read B. look C. understand D. hand( ) 5. A. reading B. ability C.ruler D.textbooks( ) 6. A.high B.primary C.middle D.collegeIII.在短文的空格内填入适当的词使其内窖通顺。每空格限填一词，首宇母已给Elizabeth lived with her six children in a small house. One winter, there was a big flood and quite a few h l w

52、ere washed away, but Elizabeth's house was high e_2 to escape itElizabeth took in one of the families which had lost everything. She shared her home until the family could build a 3 house. Elizabeth's friends could not understand why she wanted to give so much when she already had so many children to support. "Well, Elizabeth e 4 to her friends, "at the end of World War I, there was a poor woman in a town in Germany. Her husband had been killed in the war and she had a lot of children, just