情态动词 专题ppt课件

1、情态动词Modal Verbs)情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或形状的态度，以为“能够、“该当、“必要等等。但本身词义不完全，不能单独作谓语动词，必需和不带to的不定式即动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和书的变化。can and could may and mightwill and wouldshall and shouldmust and cant can and couldSo he can carry heavy books.ability He couldnt open the door by himself. abilityCould you open the door, please

2、? requestcan and could1) 表示才干ability，指有才干做某事，意为“可以。例如：留意：表示如今，未来“可以可用be able to 交换。表示过去“可以并胜利了只能用was/ were able to, 不能用could。例如My grandma is over eighty, but she can/ is able to read without glasses.We can/ will be able to talk about the matter later. I talked with her for a long time, and at last I

3、 was able to make her believe me.(不能用could) can and could2) 表示恳求request或permission)意为“可否、“可以。 Could 比can 更有礼貌，在此不是can的过去式。 Can you wait a moment please?Liz, can you do me a favor?Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station?I wonder if you could help me. (request) - Could I use your phone?-Ye

4、s, of course. You can. Do you think I could borrow your bike? (permission) can and could3) 表示能够性 possibility a. can 表示泛指的“能够，并非说话者客观以为的能够性，即并非说话者的客观猜测。Accident can happen to any drunken driver. b.表示说话者客观猜测，只能用与否认句或疑问句中。例如：It cant be my father. He is now in England. -Can it rain tomorrow?-No, it cant

5、. may and mightHe may be in his office.=( perhaps he is in his office.)He might be having lunch.=( perhaps he is having lunch.)may and might1 表示能够性possibility,用于对如今，过去或未来的推测，暗示不确定。might 不是may的过去式，它所表示的能够性比may 小，含较多的疑心。He may be very busy now. (能够性较大)He might be very busy now. (能够性较小) may and might2

6、表示答应permission，表示允许他人做某事， 也可征求对方的答应。He may go now.We may keep the book for two weeks.3 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!May you have a nice trip! may, might, can, could1. They (can/might) _be away for the weekend but Im not sure.2. You (may/might) _leave now if you wish.3. (could/may) _you open the window

7、 a bit, please?4. He (can/could) _be from America, judging by his accent.5. (may/can) _you swim?6. Listen, please. You (may not/might not) _ speak during this exam.might表示猜测may表示答应could表示恳求could表示猜测can 表示才干may not表示不允许may, might, can, could7. They (can not/may not) _ still be out, the light is on in

8、 the house.8. You (couldnt/might not) _ smoke on the bus.9. With luck, tomorrow (can/could) _be a cooler day.10. You (can/might) _ be right, but Im going back to check it.表示答应couldntcould表示猜测can not表示猜测(不能够)might表示猜测will and would1表示志愿表示情愿做或自动提出做，如意志,愿望或决心That bag looks heavy, Ill help you with it.(

9、 offering to do sth)- You know that book I lent you. Can I have it back if youve finished with it?- Of course. Ill give it to you this afternoon. (agreement)Thanks for lending me the money, Ill pay you back on Friday. (promise) will and would2表示习惯(habit, custom)This old man is strange. He will sit f

10、or hours without saying anything. We would sit around Grandpa after supper, listening to his stories.3表示恳求request, 用于第二人称, would 比will 更委婉。 例如：Will you come this way, please?Would you open the window? shall and should1shall 的用法a.shall 在疑问句中用于第一，第三人称，表示征求对方的意见。Shall we put off the sports meeting unti

11、l next month?Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? b.shall 用于第二，第三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令，警告，许愿或要挟。You shall fail if you dont work harder. 警告He shall have the book when I finish reading it. (许愿)He shall be punished. (要挟) 2) should 的用法a. should 表示劝告、建议、命令。You should go to class right away.b. should 表示等待，用于表达合理

12、推断(prediction，意为“应该 )，或明显的结果意为“能够且所等待的事几乎是现实。It is three oclock, the football game should begin now. Mary took dancing lessons for years, so she should be an excellent dancer. shall and should 1. We _ smoke here, because the worker is carrying some petrol. 2. It is dangerous. You _ leave the room im

13、mediately. 3. He _ go hiking with friends at weekends when young. 4. Write to me when you get home.-I _. 5. -Need I hand in my exercise book at once?-Yes, you_. 6. You have been working all day. You _ be very tired. 7. It is a long time since we met last time. You _ come and see us more often. 8. Wh

14、y dont you try on this dress? It _ look nice on you.will, would, shall, should, must:mustntshouldwouldwillmustmustshouldwill表示制止,不答应表示建议,命令表示过去习惯表示志愿表示必需表示一定猜测表示建议表示将会,一定会must and cantmust 用来表示“命令、“推测等含义。1表示规定、指令表示规定、指令时主要指客观上的法律、条文规定，经常翻译为“应该、必需之类意思。mustnt表示制止You must have a passport if you want to

15、 go abroad.2) 表示客观的命令、制止表示客观的命令、制止时，主要指说话者客观的命令或剧烈的劝告。You can go out with your friend but you must come back before 11 at night. -Must I hand in the exercise today?-No, you neednt. must and cant3表示猜测，语气非常一定，近乎确定的意味，普通用于一定句，意为一定。其否以为cant， 意为不能够. 。You must be ill. I can see it from your face.He cant b

16、e at home. I saw him in the classroom just now. must and have to1.must用于普通问句中,一定回答用must否认式用 neednt或dont have to，做 “不用,mustnt表示“制止，不允许 Must I finish all assignments at a time? Yes, you must. No, you neednt. 2.表示“必需这个意思时，must 和have to 稍有区别。must着重阐明客观看法，have to 强调客观需求。另外，have to 能用于更多时态。I dont like thi

17、s TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.Not sure Very sure He might be in the classroom. He may be in the classroom. He could be in the classroom. He should be in the classroom. He must be in the classroom. 情态动词的猜测用法Group work Choose one of the following situati

18、ons to create a short dialogue using modal verbs. Situation A: In a library. Ask the librarian if he can help to find a book relating to some specific topics, whether they can be renewed or not, and how to do if the books are lost. (“Could you please find? “May I ? “You mustnt) Situation B: A doctor

19、 gives a patient some advice. (“You should) Situation C: In a park by a lake. Discuss that one should not destroy the environment. (“You should, “You shouldnt , “You mustnt ) Situation D: Requesting an appointment. (“Will you? “Shall I ?) Group work Situation E: You have to go to buy food and gifts

20、for Spring Festival. In pairs, one as the shop keeper and the other as the customer, offer and request the items you need. Use these expressions to help you. Would you like ? Could I have ? Might I suggest ? May I see ? You should try ? Could we look at ? Can you see ? We might take ?Sample dialogue

21、 In the supermarket a customer is talking with the salesman. A: Hello, I need to buy some things for the Spring Festival. B: May I suggest these gifts for the children? They are very popular. A: They are pretty, but could I have a look at the red paper envelopes on the shelf? B: Sure, would you like

22、 these ones? They are less expensive.A: Thats fine. Ill take twelve of them. May I see what your pork is like? I need to make dumplings.B: Of course, its over there. You should try some of the cabbage that just arrived. Its very fresh. A: Ok, could I have three cabbages and a kilo of pork? I also ne

23、ed some flour. B: Can you see the flour down there? Please take what you need. Thanks for coming in, and have a good holiday.1.-There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey. ( ) A. cant be B. mustnt have been C. shouldnt be D. couldnt have beenD2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. ( ) A. had to B. would C. could D. was able toD3. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure. must B. can C. may D. willC4. - Could I call you by your first n