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1、2016年全国中考英语试题专题练习:名词的词义辨析1、(2016黑龙江)The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议)will help China improve with those related countries,especially Pakistan()ArelationshipBagreementCenvironment 【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】一带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些(沿线)相关国家的关系,尤其是巴基斯坦【解答】答案:A;relationship关系; 联系;agreement协定,协议;environment环境,外界;根据常识,一带
2、一路倡议将会加强与沿线国家的关系;故根据句中信息The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议) will help China improvewith those related countries,especially Pakistan,推测该句句意:带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些(沿线)相关的国家的关系,尤其是巴基斯坦故选A2、(2016齐齐哈尔)-Can you tell me the of the novel?-Yes,of course, is Mo Yan()Aname,HeBwriter,ItCname,It【考点】名词的词义辨析;人称代词【分析】-你
3、能告诉我这部小说的作者吗?-是的,当然可以,它是莫言【解答】答案:B;根据答语Yes,of course,is Mo Yan;推测上句句意:你能告诉我这部小说的作者吗?答语中的it指代小说的作者"writer of the novel"故选B3、(2016连云港)-It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language-Yes,it's a major way of _ for them()AsuggestionBvacationCproductionDcommunication【考点】名词的词义辨析【分
4、析】-聋人学习手语是很有用的-是的,这是他们交流的一种主要方式【解答】答案:D;suggestion建议;vacation假期;production产品;communication交流;根据上句It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language推测下句句意:这是他们交流的一种主要方式;故选D4、(2016宜昌)-The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015Nobel Prize-Her has saved millions of lives across the world()Avic
5、toryBstoryCdiscoveryDindustry【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-中国科学家屠呦呦获得了2015年诺贝尔奖-她的发现挽救了世界上数以百万人的生命【解答】答案:C首先明确选项中名词的意思,A:胜利;B:故事;C:发现;D:工业; 联系她发现了青蒿素,根据语境和设空处后面的saved推测后面一句话 的句意是"她的发现挽救了世界上数以百万人的生命",由此判断句子中缺少"发现"一词,故答案为C5、(2016咸宁)-Tu Youyou recerved the Nobel Prize for her_of anemisinin(青蒿素)-A
6、nd she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science()AdesignBthoughtCinventionDdiscovery【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-屠呦呦因为青蒿素的发现而获得了诺贝尔奖-她是在科学方面获奖的第一位中国人【解答】答案:D首先明确选项中名词的意思,A:设计;B:思想;C:发明;D:发现;注意invention与discovry的区别,前者指创造的前所未有的东西,后者强调发现已经存在的事物; 根据语境推测句意是"屠呦呦因为青蒿素的发现而获得了诺贝尔奖",由此判断句子中缺少"发现&q
7、uot;一词,故答案为D6、(2016咸宁)-Michael,how much do you know about_?-people usually eat rice dumplings to remember Qu Yuan()Athe Mid-Autumn FestivalBthe Spring FestivalCthe Dragon Boat FestivalDthe Lantern Festival【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-Michael,关于端午节你了解多少?-人们通常吃粽子来纪念屈原【解答】答案:C首先明确选项中个节日的意思,A:中秋节;B:春节;C:端午节;D:元宵节; 根
8、据答语的句意"人们通常吃粽子来纪念屈原",判断问句中提到的节日是端午节,故答案为C7、(2016盐城)Life is like riding a bicycleTo keep your ,you must keep moving()ApromiseBpositionCbalanceDability【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】人生就像骑自行车,为了保持平衡,你必须不断前进【解答】答案:C;promise许诺;position位置;balance平衡;ability能力;根据上句Life is like riding a bicycle推测下句句意:为了保持平衡,你必须不断前
9、进故选C8、(2016永州)I think eating _is good for health ()AtomatoesBbananaesCegges【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】我认为吃西红柿对健康有益【解答】答案:A题干是"我认为吃_对健康有益",设空处单词如果是可数名词,应使用复数形式,选项B和C中的名词变复数应该在词尾直接加"-s",tomato的复数形式是加"-es",故选A9、(2016西宁)A smart phone makes a big _ to our life()AdifferenceBdecisionCprog
10、ressDprediction【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】一部智能手机给我们的生活带来很大的影响【解答】答案:A;difference不同;decision决定;progress进步;prediction预言;根据句中的A smart phone makes a big _ to our life推测该句句意:一个智能手机给我们的生活带来很大的影响make a big difference=make much difference 造成很大差别;故选A10、(2016泰州)-What_will you get after winning the competition in the prog
11、ramme Stay to the end(一站到底)?-A free trip to Bali Island()AawardBattentionCadviceDability【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-在一站到底这个节目中赢了比赛你会得到什么奖品?-去巴厘岛的免费旅行【解答】答案:Aaward奖品;attention注意;advice建议;ability能力;根据after winning the competition及A free trip to Bali Island可知此处应为奖品,故选A11、(2016济南)-Mike,what club do you want to join
12、?-Well,I want to join the clubI love painting()AchessBsportsCartDEnglish【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】Mike,你想参加什么俱乐部?-我想参加美术俱乐部我喜欢绘画【解答】答案:C 根据其后的"I love painting"(我喜欢绘画),可知我是对美术方面感兴趣的故我想参加的是美术俱乐部chess棋;sports运动;art美术;English英语故选C12、(2016云南)If you don't know the to the science museum,here is a map of
13、 the city()AdateBwayCpriceDtime【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】如果你不知道去科学博物馆的路,这儿有一张城市地图【解答】答案:B;date日期;way道路;price价格;time时间;根据后面句意here is a map of the city推测上句句意:如果你不知道去科学博物馆的路;故选B13、(2016荆州)-Can you tell me some about the Brazil Olympic Games?-OKLet me help you search the Internet()AserviceBinformationCdiscussionDs
14、uccess【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-你能告诉我一些关于巴西奥运会的信息吗?-好的,让我帮你上网搜索一下【解答】答案:B;service服务;information信息;discussion讨论;success成功;根据答语Let me help you search the Internet;推测上述问句:你能告诉我一些关于巴西奥运会的信息吗?故选B14、(2016齐齐哈尔)The mobile phone sells for¥5,000,it is much more than its real ()AcostBvalueCprice【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】手机的售价
15、为5000元,它比它的实际价值多的多【解答】答案:B;cost花费;value价值;price价格;根据上句The mobile phone sells for¥5,000手机的售价为5000元;推测下句句意:它比它的实际价值多的多;故选B15、(2016东营)Great _ for football lovers-more than 50,000soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025()AnewsBmessageCsituationDinformation【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】足球爱好者的
16、好消息:2025年前我国将会建立5万多所足球学校【解答】答案:A;Anews新闻,消息;Bmessage消息,信息;Csituation情境,形式;Dinformation消息,信息Message,information是有关某事物的信息;news则指大的消息,新闻根据句中的"2025年前我国将会建立50,000多所足球学校"可知是重大的新闻消息,用news故选A16、(2016厦门)-The milk shake tastes goodHow do you make it?-It's easy,just follow the_()AdiscussionsBinst
17、ructionsCresolutions 【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-奶昔的味道很好,你是怎么做的?-这很容易,只要按照操作指南(去做)【解答】答案:B;discussions商讨;instructions指示; 操作指南; 用法说明;resolutions解决;根据上句How do you make it?可知是询问制作奶昔的方法,推测答语应是按照操作指南(去做)故选B17、(2016阜康市)He has much _as an engineerSo he can build the bridge successfully()AbalanceBexperienceCsurfaceDser
18、vice【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】他有做工程师的很多经验,所以他能成功地建这座桥【解答】答案:B;balance平衡;experience经验;surface表面;service服务;根据下句句意So he can build the bridge successfully推测上句句意:他有做工程师的很多经验;故选B18、(2016黄冈)-Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes,Tony?-Sure,Mom will be mad if she sees this _,I think()AmatterBmessCtroubleDdi
19、fficulty【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-Tony,你可以把垃圾带出去并且洗洗碗吗?-当然,如果妈妈看到这么混乱的话,我认为她会生气的【解答】答案:B;matter事件;mess混乱;trouble麻烦;difficulty困难;根据上句Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes,Tony,结合答语中的Sure,Mom will be mad 推测后面的句意:如果妈妈看到这么混乱的话;故选B19、(2016鄂州)-Could you show me the method of cooking the tasty cookies?-Pl
20、ease follow the _ on the cookbook()AdirectionBattentionCintroductionDinstruction【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-你能给我出示一种做美味饼干的方法吗?-请按照食谱的指示(做)【解答】答案:D;direction方向;attention注意;introduction介绍;instruction说明;根据上句Could you show me the method of cooking the tasty cookies?推测下句句意:请按照食谱的指示(做)故选D20、(2016济南)-Excuse meIs there
21、 a near here?I want to buy some drinks-YesGo along the street,and it's on your left()AzooBschoolCsupermarketDmuseum【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-劳驾,这附近有超市吗?我想买些饮料?-有的,沿着这条街走,它就在你的左边【解答】答案:C;zoo动物园;school学校;supermarket超市;museum博物馆;根据句中信息I want to buy some drinks推测上句句意:这附近有超市吗?故选C21、(2016东营)-Why do people never
22、 cut up the _ on their birthdays?-Because they are a symbol of long life()AeggsBcakesCnoodlesDdumplings【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-生日时为什么人们从来不切断面条?-因为他们是长寿的象征【解答】答案:Cegg鸡蛋;cake蛋糕;noodle面条;dumpling饺子;长寿面是长寿的象征,所以此处指的是面条,故选C22、(2016漳州)-What's your favorite ,Julia?-I like spring best()AmovieBseasonCweather【考点】
23、名词的词义辨析【分析】-你最喜欢哪个季节,Julia?-我最喜欢春季【解答】答案:B;movie电影;season季节;weather天气;根据答语I like spring best;可知上句是询问"喜欢什么季节"的;故选B23、(2016十堰)As we all know,Wudang Mountain is the _of Shiyan()AproudBprideCprogressDpurpose【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】大家都知道,武当山是十堰的骄傲【解答】答案:B;proud自豪的,形容词;pride骄傲,名词;progress进步,名词;purpose目的,
24、名词;根据常识,武当山被称为"亘古无双胜境,天下第一仙山"它是十堰的骄傲;根据句中信息 is the _of Shiyan可知,该词用名词形式;故选B24、(2016德州)Bill will be a/an _ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics()AguestBreporterCtouristDengineer【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】在即将到来的2016年里约奥运会上Bill将成为一名记者去采访足球运动员【解答】答案:Bguest客人;reporter记者;tourist
25、游客;engineer工程师;根据to interview the football players可知此处应填记者,故选B25、(2016随州)Peter did't tell his parents that he was going home because he wanted to give them a_()AnoteBsurpriseCcallDgift【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】Peter没有告诉父母他要回家,因为他想给他们一个惊喜【解答】答案:Bnote便条;surprise惊讶;call电话;gift礼物;根据Peter did't tell his par
26、ents that he was going home可知他想给父母一个惊喜,故选B26、(2016齐齐哈尔)-What do you like?-I like playing tennis and running()AsubjectsBmusicCsports【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-你喜欢什么运动?-我喜欢打网球和跑步【解答】答案:Csubject科目;music音乐;sport运动;根据 tennis and running可知问的是运动类的喜好,故选C27、(2016丹东)-What kind of noodles would you like?-I'd like som
27、e _ noodles()AcarrotsBbeefCpotatoesDvegetables【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-你想要什么样的面条?-我想要一些牛肉面【解答】答案:Bcarrot胡萝卜,potato土豆,vegetable蔬菜,三者皆为可数名词;beef牛肉,不可数名词;此处作noodles的定语,要用可数名词单数或不可数名词,故选B28、(2016淮安)Lily often helps her mother do some cooking in the _()AkitchenBgardenCbathroomDbedroom【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】Lily经常在厨房里帮妈妈做
28、饭【解答】答案:Akitchen厨房;garden花园;bathroom浴室;bedroom卧室;根据helps her mother do some cooking 可知做饭是在厨房,故选A29、(2016包头)一The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive一Don't worryYou can enjoy yourselfIt's my ()AtimeBtaskCtreatDtaste【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-这家餐馆的菜一定很贵-别担心,你可以尽情享用,我请客【解答】答案:Ctime时间;task任务;tr
29、eat款待;taste味道;根据The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive可知对方对菜的价格很担忧,所以此处要消除其顾虑,主动请客,It's my treat我请客故选C30、(2016安徽)Cathy has such a good_that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year()AsleepBideaCvoiceDtime【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】Cathy有这么好的声音,她在去年的歌唱比赛中赢得了许多奖项【解答】答案:C;sleep睡觉,动词;
30、睡眠,名词;idea主意,名词;voice声音,名词;time时间;名词;根据句中后面信息she won many prizes in singing competitions last year推测句中指的是Cathy有这么好的声音;故选C31、(2016重庆)-It's hot todayHave some _,please-No,thanksI'm not thirsty at all()AwaterBpotatoesCbreadDcakes【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-今天天气很热请喝些水吧-不,谢谢我一点也不渴【解答】答案:A根据选项的意思water"水&
31、quot;;potato"土豆";bread"面包";cake"蛋糕",结合答语No,thanksI'm not thirsty at all"不,谢谢我一点也不渴"可推知在上文中对方让他喝点东西,故选A32、(2016青岛)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a _()AcoughBtoothacheCcoldDfever【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-南希量了体温并且发现她发烧了【解答】答案:D解析:由题目中看出南希量了体温,很容易知道她是发烧了,以
32、下四个选项中只有D是发烧的意思 Acough咳嗽 Btoothache牙疼 Ccold感冒 Dfever发烧,故选D33、(2016苏州)Steve Jobs was full of -always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society()AinstructionBinvitationCintroductionDinvention【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】史蒂夫乔布斯富有发明创造力,总是产生一些导致社会发生巨大变化的新想法【解答】答案:D;instruction教诲;invitation邀请;intro
33、duction介绍;invention发明;根据句中信息always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society推知上句句意:史蒂夫乔布斯富有发明创造力;故选D34、(2016滨州)-Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?-Yes,she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ()AsurpriseBachievementCeducationDsatisfaction【考点】名词的词义辨析【
34、分析】-你知道科学家屠呦呦吗?-是的,由于她的伟大成就她嬴得了2015年的诺贝尔医学奖【解答】答案:Bsurprise惊讶;achievement成就;education教育;satisfaction满意;赢得诺贝尔奖的人一定是有巨大成就的,故选B35、(2016重庆)It's cold todayTake your_ with you when you go out()AknifeBcoatCbrushDkey【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】今天天气很冷当你外出时带上你的外套【解答】答案:B 根据It's cold today可知,今天很冷,出门要带上外套;又知knife意为"小刀";coat意为"外套,上衣";brush意为"刷子";key意为"钥匙"所以此处应用coat故选B36、(2016福州)-Who is the person you admire the most?-Qian Xuesen,the Father of China's MissilesHe is the _ of China()AleaderBprideCvoice【考点】名词的词义辨析【分析】-你最崇拜的人是谁?-中国导弹之父钱学森,他是中国的骄傲【解答】答案:B;leader领导者;prid
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