[英语考试]笔译被动语态ppt课件

1、被动语态的翻译n英语中被动语态运用广泛。凡是在不用要说出自动者，不愿说出自动者，无从说出自动者或者是为了便于衔接上下文等等场所，往往都用被动语态。汉语中虽也有被动语态，但运用范围狭窄得多。英语被动语态的句子，翻译成汉语时，很多情况下都可译成自动句，但也有一些可以坚持被动语态。一、译成汉语自动句一、译成汉语自动句(一) 原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally removed.他在青少年时期留下的自大感，还没有完全消除。On their domestic

2、stations, events in the Middle East were dismissed briefly.在他们国内电台的广播中，中东事件只轻描淡写地报导了一下。(二) 原文中的主语在译文中作宾语By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of over 200 Belgian and French lives.大战终了时，这个组织挽救了800人，但那是以200多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价的。It would be astonishing if that lo

3、ss were not keenly felt.假设人们不剧烈地感到损失，那倒是奇异了。练习The mobile phone boom is driven by the young adults.Promising young executives are more motivated by the prospect of challenge and responsibility.The ever-increasing demand for private cars could be halted by more investment in public transport.(三) 采用状语作

4、方式上的主语来翻译Movies were first made in Hollywood before WWI.一战前好莱坞初次制造了电影。In 1849 gold was discovered in California in the mountains near San Francisco and so started the famous Gold Rush.1849年加州旧金山附近的山里发现了黄金，由此开场了有名的淘金热。练习1. The consumer spending was dampened in the regional financial crisis in Asia.2.

5、 The nations fervor for brand-name goods cant be quenched even in the economic recession in Japan.(四) 常用被动语态句型的翻译1不加主语It is said/reported/supposed that据报道、听说、据推测It must be admitted/pointed out that必需成认、必需指出It is hoped that希望It may be said without fear of exaggeration that 可以好不夸张地说It will be seen fro

6、m this that由此可见2可加主语It is asserted that有人主张It is believed that 有人置信以为It is generally considered that大家以为It is well-known that大家知道、众所周知It will be said that 有人会说It was told that 有人曾经说练习1. It is believed that nuclear power is among the greatest innovations of our time. But it is also feared it will bri

7、ng the end of the world.2. Science is often referred to as a double-edged sword, increasing our wealth and comfort while leaving people in fear of potential dangers like human cloning.3. It is commonly believed that hot climates reduce peoples energy and that people of the south walk and talk more s

8、lowly than the busy northerners.4. The National Security Agency in US is accused of reading other peoples s around the world in its search for military and commercial secrets.二、译成汉语被动句二、译成汉语被动句(一) 采用多种被动词1) Our foreign policy is supported by people all over the world.我国的外交政策遭到了全世界人民的支持。2) Americans

9、prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others.3) A police court is presided over by a magistrate, who tries the cases without a jury.4) I started to explain that I could not do my best since my spectacles had been taken away from me, but she wouldnt let me finish.5) I was so i

10、mpressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card.(二) 采用原主语，省略被动词1) The risk of the global nuclear conflict has been greatly reduced.2) Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are

11、 bored to death.nIn much of the world, authority is not challenged either out of respect or out of fear, sometimes, too because a hierarchy of rank has been fixed for so long that people have been trained for generations never to challenge it. In such countries children are not expected to question

12、their teachers in school, and brilliant young scholars or inventive industrial geniuses are hampered in technical research because they hesitate to disagree with their superiors. Clever researchers may be considered too young to have any right to present findings that contradict knowledge and wisdom

13、 of their elders. However, the American is trained from childhood to question, analyze and search. Children will be told to go look things up for themselves. School tasks are designed to stimulate the use of a wide range of materials. Even in the primary grades, children are taught to use libraries,

14、 and to search for new ideas.If people mean anything at all by the expression “untimely death, they must believe that some deaths run on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assu

15、mes that the best years lay ahead and the measures of that life was still to be taken.History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only ha