中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结

1、中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花费花费时间做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time(in)doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .某人花钱买某物 ： sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money forsth . = sth cost sb . some money . spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。 spent 还可以指“度过” How

2、 did you spend your weekend ?The sweater _ me 90 yuan . = I _ 90 yuan for thesweater.=I _ 90 yuan on the sweater .He spent lots of money _ the mobile phone .It _ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He _20 minutes _ home every day .2 . thanks for为而感谢 _ inviting me to your birthday party .thanks t

3、o 多亏/由于_ your help .I got good grades .3 . 感叹句：多么 what + 名词how + 形容词/ 副词 _ bad weather ! _ hard he works !_ fresh vegetables ! _ cute a monkey it is !4 . 因为、由于：because(连词)+从句：(表示原因)because of(介词短语)+ 名词(短语)= thanks to I didnt go to school _ I had a headache .He was late for class _ the bad weather .H

4、e cant come _ he is ill .Many people have a cold _ the cold weather .because和 so不能同时连用 。5 . 来自：be from = come from Where are you from ? = Where _ you _ _ ? He is from Tibet. = He _ _ Tibet.6 .How often 对频率提问(多久一次)回答用表示频率的副词或短语How long 对一段时间提问(多久)回答用表示一段时间的状语How soon 对将来时间提问(多久)回答用in+时间段How far 询问多长距

5、离(多长)- _ have you been collecting the kites ? -For tenyears.- _ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes. - _ will your father come back ? - In two years.- _ do you exercise ? - Once a week.- _ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles.- _ are you staying there ? - Two weeks.7 . 乘交通工具：take a / the +

6、交通工具在句中作谓语by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane. He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goesto bank on a bus . I walk to school . = I go to school _ . 骑自行车、马或驴用ride ： ride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a donkeyin ones car8 . 对不起：Excuse me (劳驾，客套话)Sorr

7、y (表示道歉) _ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?Would you mind cleaning your room ? - _ . Ill do itright away.- Dont eat in class 。 - _ 。 Ms Clark . _ ， is this the way to the station ?9 . 声音：sound (自然界各种声音)noise(噪音)voice(悦耳的声音：嗓子)Lucy has a sweet _ . That _ like a good idea.Dont make _ . The baby is

8、 sleeping.10 .look like (外貌看起来像 )be like (性格像 ) Lily _ _ Lucy 。 Oh ， they are twins. Tony _ _ a monkey because he is cute and playful.11 . take to 带去bringto 带来fetch 没有方向性(强调来回) Tony 。 _ the ball here 。Please. My father often _ me _ concerts on Sundays. _ your homework _ school tomorrow.12. 一些：some 用

9、于肯定句any 用于否定句和疑问句 Id like _ milk. Would you like _ yogurt ?_ Thanks . I dont want _ . 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some。13. 多少：How many修饰可数名词复数How much 修饰不可数名词 _ juice do you want ? _ apples do you want ?- _is the T-shirt ? Its 30 yuan 。 How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ?14. 看：see 强调看

10、的结果look (at )不及物动词，强调看的动作watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志Dont_ in bed. We will _ a basketball game this evening. Please _ the blackboard. Everyone. I _ a bird in the tree yesterday.On Saturday night. I saw an interesting talk show.On Saturday evening. several kids watched a movie. watch a

11、movie=go to a movie15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stoptalkingstop to do sth 停下来去做别的事 The girl soon stopped _ (cry ). He was tired and stopped _ (have ) a rest.16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：forget / remember to do sth(忘记/记得去做某事) He forgot to turn offthe light.(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the po

12、st office et / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：forget / remember doing sth(忘记/记得做过某事) He forgot turningoffthe light 。(已做过关灯的动作)Dont you remember seeing the man before ?17. 到达 reach + 地点get to + 地点reach = get toarrive + in + 大地点arrive + at + 小地点 He reached London yesterday . = He _ to London y

13、esterday. = He _ in London yesterday. She arrived _ the bus station just now . You should_ ( get ) home on time. 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略to18. 擅长，在方面做得好：be good at = do well in She is good at chemistry . = She _ _ _chemistry. Niuniu is good at _ the violin. = Niuni

14、u _ well in_ the violin. Lucy and Lily are twin girls . Lucy is better _ dancingthan Lily , but Lily _ _ in singing than Lucy.19. win (赢得)接a game、war 、a match、a prizebeat(打败、战胜)接运动员、球队、对手等。 Which team _ the football match ? Wang Hao _ Ma Lin and _ the champion of the MensSingles.20. 借borrow sth. fro

15、m sb = borrow sb. sth 向某人借某物borrow借入lend sth. to sb = lend sb. sth把某物借给某人 lend 借出keep延续性动词，与一段时间连用。 Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you _ your bike _me ? You can borrow some money _ your brother. = You can borrowyourbrother _ _. - How long can I _ the book ?- You can _ it for two weeks. 类似用法的还有：bu

16、y have put on wear become beleave be away from open be open begin be ondie be dead return be back become He has _ a doctor.He has _ a doctor for 10 years. begin The film has _.he film has _ for ten minutes.21.能，会。be able to,can 情态动词后面都接动词原形。 We should _ able to finish the work tomorrow. I can _ (pla

17、y) the guitar 。 He _ able to playchess.22. too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数I have too many rules in myhouse.too much 太多 修饰不可数名词Maybe you have too much yin.much too太 后跟形容词或副词原级 This coat is much too expensive. Eating _ _ is bad for your health. Its _ _cold today. Youd better not go out.There are_ _ students in t

18、he hallways. Itsdangerous.23. have / has been to 去过某地He has been to Beijing.(现在不在北京)have / has gone to 去了某地He has gone to Beijing.(现在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中)have/hasbeen in / at在某地I have ever _ _ America twice. He has _ _ Beijing for ten years. Where is your brother ?- He_ _ to Hainan. _ you ever _ _ Disneyl

19、and ?24. used to do sth.过去常做某事 This river used to be veryclean .be(get)used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 Im not used to getting upearly.be used to do sth = be used for doing sth. 被用于做某事 Pens are usedfor writing. XiaoGang _ _ _ afraid of the dark. Thebroom is _ _ clean the room. = The broom is_ _ cleaning the

20、 room. He _ _ _ living countryside 。There is fresh airand sweet well. Wood _ _ _ making paper.25. belong to + 名词/ 人称代词宾格(属于)be + 名词所有格/ 名词性物主代词(是)It must _ Nings .= It must _ Ning. The pencil must be _ (my) . = The pencil must belong to_ (my). This ball _ to me .= This ball is _.26. cant 不可能0表示推测、判断

21、could/might 也许、可能50 80must 肯定、一定100 The CD _ belong to Tony . because he likes listening tomusic. The notebook _ be mine . It has my name on it. The toy _ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old man.27. be made from (由制成)看不出原材料be made of (由制成)看得出原材料 The table _ _ _ wood. Paper _ _ _ wood.28. prefer

22、to do sth 宁愿做某事prefer sth 。to sth 。喜欢而不喜欢prefer doing sth 。to doing sth 。喜欢做而不喜欢做 I prefer _ (swim) to _ (play) balls. He _ fish to beef. I prefer to _ (walk) to work.29. 一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词：ed 修饰人ing 修饰物 I want to go somewhere _ (relaxing/relaxed). She is _ in this _ history story.(interesting/interest

23、ed ) interesting(有趣的) interested(感兴趣的) tiring(累人的)tired(累的，疲倦的)boring (令人无聊的) bored(无聊的)exciting(令人兴奋的) excited(激动的)surprising(令人惊讶的) surprised(惊讶的)relaxing(令人放松的) relaxed(放松的)embarrassing (令人尴尬的;令人为难的) embarrassed (尴尬的;为难的)30. the number of + 名词复数(的数量)作主语，谓语用单数。a number of + 名词复数(许多、一些)= many The n

24、umber of students in our class_ 80. _ number of students are in Helin Middle School.31. for + 一段时间since + 时间点/过去时的句子 We have been studying English _ three years. He has been staying here _ he was five years old . We havent seen each other _ ten years ago. for和 since 可以相互转换。如：Jenny has been collectin

25、g coins forseveral years . = Jenny has been collecting coins since severalyears _.32. 除之外except (不包括在内) Everyone could answer thisquestion except Jim .besides (包括在内)There are three girls besides me. We all passed the exam _ Li Yang. Many other students like basketball _ Guo Xiaojun.33. already 用于肯定句

26、中(已经)yet 用于疑问句末(已经)用于否定句末(还) Have you seen the film _ ? I havent locked the door _. Mom has _ watered the flowers.34. 否定祈使句Dont + v.No + v.ing / n. Dont smoke here. = _ _ here. Dont take photos. =_ _.35. 也too 放肯定句末和疑问句末Do you play soccer every day ，too?either 放否定句末also 放肯定句中 also放在实意动词前，be之后. She is

27、 a girl. I am a girl ,_ . He _ likes collecting things . Lily doesnt like junk food . Her good friend doesnt likeit,_. - I like soap operas, I do ， _. - I cant watch TV on school nights, I cant ， _.36. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格Miss Zhang _ _ _ her work and she _ _ _her stud

28、ents.37. 需要做某事need to do sth 主语是人need doing sth 主语是物 The classroom _ cleaning. Its too dirty. Children _ to sleep a lot. Its very hot and dry. You need _(wear)cool clothes andthe flowers need _ (water).38. through 介词：从内部穿过(park)across 介词：从表面穿过cross 动词(road, street,bridge) Be careful when you _ the s

29、treet. The manwent_ the forest. The train goes _ the tunnel(隧道).He swam _ the river. We drove _ the desert (沙漠).Take a walk _ the park on Center Avenue.39. Why dont you do sth = Why not do sth.提建议的方式How /what about doing sth.Lets do sth. Why dont you have a cup of tea ? = _ _ have a cup oftea ? Lets

30、 _ (go) out for a walk . How about _ (practice) conversations ?40. So + 助/系/情态+ 主语表示肯定意义(也是如此)Neither + 助/系/情态+ 主语表示否定意义(也不) 它们都属于倒装句。 My mother didnt go to school. _ _ my father. James comes from theUSA . _ _ Tom. My pen pal can speak Japanese. _ _ I. = Me_. My sister isnt outgoing. _ _ I. = Me _.4

31、1. both 两者都all三者或三者以上都 The twins _ are good students. There are lots of colorful flowers on _ sides of thestreets. There are five people in my family. We _ like playingsports. My parents _ love us. We are very happy.42. alone 单独，独自一人He is alone at home.lonely 孤独的，寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩He lives a lonely life i

32、n thecountry. Sometimes he feels quite _ because he has no friends. She lives _ in that large house.43 in the tree 外来的I saw a cat in the tree.on the tree 长在树上的There are many apples on the tree. How many monkeys can you see _ the tree ? There are a lot of bananas_ the tree.44. in the wall 指在墙体内on the

33、 wall 指在墙体表面 There is a map _ the wall. There is a door _ the wall.45. on the bed 指物品在床上My bag is on the bed.in bed 指人躺在床上Lily is ill in bed. There is a jacket _. I have to be _ by ten oclock.46. 引导结果状语从句：so和such(如此以至于)so是副词，后接adj和adv 。句型：so+adj/adv+that从句He worked so hard that he got the firstprize

34、.so+adj+a(n)+n.+that从句 = such+a(n)+adj+n。+that从句That was sointeresting a story that I read it twice. = That was such aninteresting story that I read it twice.such是形容词，后接n.句型：such+a(n)+adj+n.+that从句He is such a hard-working student thatall the teachers love him.such+pl./不可数n+that从句It is such good wea

35、ther that we can goswimming. He runs _fast _ we cancatch him . Lili is _a kind girl _we all love her. Tom is _ a clever boy that he can answer the question.= Tomis _ clever a boy that he can answer the question. The box is _ heavy _ I cant carry it. 在名词前有many / much / few / little这些词修饰时，要用sothat。sot

36、hat句型的否定形式可用简单句tooto或notenough to代替。如：He is so young that he cant go to school.= He is too young to go to school.= He is not old enough to go to school.47. 引导时间状语从句：when + 延续性/短暂性动词When I was watching TV ， he came in. = When hecame in ， I was watching TV.while+延续性动词(多用进行时)While I was in Shanghai ，I

37、visited him . _ he was sleeping . Someone knocked at the door .= He wassleeping _ someone knocked at the door. _ the boy heard his mothers voice ， he stoppedcrying. My mother was cooking _ I was doing my homework.48. at the age of 和when 引导的时间状语可以互换.I began to play football when I was five years old

38、. = I beganto play football _ _ _ five.49. instead 放句首、句末instead of + n/pron/ving = rather than I will go to see her _ you . He doesnt like beer. give him coke _. We often sing English song _ reading aloud.50. be famous as (作为而知名)as + 职业/身份/地位Yi Yuchun isfamous as a super girl.be famous for (以而著名)fo

39、r + 出名的原因Hangzhou is famous for the WestLake. Li Bai is famous _ a poet. Jackie Chan ia famous _ his action movies. France ia famous _its fine food and wine.51. 看起来像是似乎/好像 (sb/sth)seems to do sthIt seems that +从句 It _ _ he feels very sad. = He _ _ _ verysad. She seems to want to have a drink. = _ _

40、that she_ to have a drink.52. “疑问词+ 动词不定式” 与“宾语从句”的互换 I will show you where you should go . = I will show you _ _. Idont know what to do . = I dont know what _ . A shouldI do B I should do Could you tell me how I can get to Summer Palace ?= Could youtell me how _ _ _ Summer Palace ? 宾语从句应该用陈述语序。如：Co

41、uld you please tell me _ _ _ _(天气如何)in Chongqi ?53. 问题/难题question 由于疑惑不解而提出的问题，多和ask /answer搭配使用.problem指有待解决的较难的问题或物理/数学方面的题等，多与solve / work out 搭配. Please answer my _ in English. I cant work out this maths _. This is a difficult _ to answer.54. family家/家庭(强调家庭成员，与居住的房子无关)My family are kindpeople.h

42、ome 家(指人出生或居住的地方，带有一定感情色彩)Welcome to my home.house 房子/住宅(居住的建筑物)They moved to their new house last year. How many people are there in your _? I want to save money and buy a big _. I love Chengdu ， I looked Chengdu as my _.55. in front of (在前面)在某一范围以外的前面There is a tall tree infront of our classroom .in the front of (在前部)在某一范围内的前面Two personsare s