新概念第二册lesson 3.

1、New Concept EnglishBook 2Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card 1 New words and expressionssend v. 寄寄, 送送*send a letter 寄信*用法：send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth. 给某人送（寄）什么东西 有类似用法的词还有give, take, pass, read, sell, lend, bring, get, make, leave, show.*send/take children to school： take强调某人亲自送；send则是通过第三人去送, take

2、flowers to his wife 自己送 send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送 重点：双宾语：重点：双宾语：指直接宾语（表示动作结果）和间接宾语（表示动作目标）。如在send sb. sth中，sb.是间接宾语，sth是直接宾语。 间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to（对而做，翻译为“给”）或for（为而做，翻译为“替”）。可以翻译为“给”，“替”，“为”的，就用for；如果只能翻译为“给”就以用to。 总结：总结：用for的词：buy, order, make, find Do me a favor please.=Do a favor for me. postc

3、ard n.明信片明信片 (可省略为card)(1) vt. make (sth) useless, valueless or unsatisfactory; ruin弄坏，损坏，糟蹋注意注意两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。 /t/和/k/前者失去爆破音。name card /visiting card 名片Here is my name card. (口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作)ID card 身份证 （ID 身份）credit card 信用卡cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种) spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v.使索然无味，损坏使索

4、然无味，损坏(重点词）重点词）The sad news spoiled our weekend.这不幸的消息使我们没能过好周末。 The rain spoiled the school sports.这场雨把学校运动会弄得一团糟。 This spoiled my day.His arrival spoiled my holiday.Dont spoil the pleasure. 别扫兴。Dont spoil your children. 不能太惯孩子。Julie loves her son too much. She has spoiled him.朱莉太爱她儿子了。她把他宠坏了。(2) v

5、t. harm the character of (esp a child) by lack of discipline or too much generosity, attention, praise, etc 宠坏，惯坏，溺爱 museum n.博物馆博物馆Palace Museum 故宫 waiter n.服务员，招待员服务员，招待员 几种破坏的区别：几种破坏的区别： break: 打破，如打破杯子 break a cup； damage:破坏，但是程度不一定很重，如暴风雨对农作物的损 storm damage to corps ； destroy: 破坏，彻底摧毁，如毁掉他的名誉de

6、stroy his reputation； 以上三个是指物理上的破坏，而以上三个是指物理上的破坏，而spoil主要指精神上主要指精神上 spoil:把东西的质量变得不好了；生活中不顺心的事；惯坏，宠坏。spoils n U (also spoils pl) 1 (a) stolen goods 偷来的东西; 赃物: The thieves divided up the spoils. 窃贼把赃物分了. (b) things taken by a victorious army; plunder 战利品; 掠取之物. waiter(男服务员），waitress（女服务员），只出现在餐馆里。领班：

7、chief waiterI want to see the chief waiter. 我要见你们的领班。 商店里的店员：shop assistant其他公共场所的服务员:attendant public adj. 公共的；公开的公共的；公开的(1) adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的公共的，公众的，社会的The public is/are pleased with his explanation. 公众对他的解释很满意。The museum is open to the public on Sunday.（对公众开放）*in public 公开的；in private 私下里的 Lets ha

8、ve a conversation in private. 让我们私下谈谈? Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)*Public garden 公园（花园具有观赏价值） Park 公园（较大）(2) adj. 公开的，众人皆知的公开的，众人皆知的 (反义词？反义词？)Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later. 他们的秘密会晤20年以后才被公开。public house（酒吧）简称pub public place 公共场所(3) n. 公众，群众，大众公众，群众

9、，大众There is a public library in this town.这镇上有一个公共图书馆。I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.星期天我经常去公园坐坐。 friendly adj. behaving in a kind and pleasant way; acting like a friend 和蔼可亲的和蔼可亲的; 朋友般的朋友般的; 友爱的友爱的,友好的友好的friendly是形容词；作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly waylend to（借（借出出）：lend sth. to sb.

10、/ lend sb. sth. Can you lend me $20 please? Ill pay/give it back tomorrow.He is not very friendly to John.She gave me a friendly greeting.He always greets me in a friendly way.They were on friendly terms with(跟友好） the boss. lend v. 借给借给 *以-ly结尾的形容词还有lovely，brotherly，fatherly，manly，motherlyborrow fro

11、m（借（借进进）：）：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth. （borrow不能用不能用 borrow sb sth.） He borrowed my pen yesterday. He hasnt given me it yet.Some people neither borrow nor lend. single adj. 唯一的唯一的, 单一的单一的 attrib 作定语 (a) one only; not in a pair, group, etc 单一的; 单个的; 仅有一个的: a single apple hanging from the tree 树上

12、仅挂着一个苹果 * one double and one single sink-unit 一套双的和一套单的洗涤槽组合台. (b) considered on its own; separate 唯一的; 单独的: the single most important event in the history of the world 世界史上唯一最重要的事件 * She removed every single thing from the box. 她把箱子里的东西一件不剩地全拿了出来. not married 未婚的; 独身的: single men and women 未婚男女 * r

13、emain single 一直单身 attrib 作定语 designed for, or used or done by, one person 适於一人的; 一人用的; 一人做的: a single bed, sheet 单人床 被单 * decision n. 决定决定make/take a decision, come to a decision, arrive at a decision, reach a decision 作出决定It was not easy for me to make/take this decision.make a big/great decision(b

14、ig:重大, great 更重大，伟大）Decide v.whole adj. 1.attrib 作定语作定语 entire; complete 完全的完全的; 整体的整体的; 全部的全部的: three whole days 三整天三整天 * We drank a whole bottle each. 我们每人都喝了整整一瓶我们每人都喝了整整一瓶. * The whole town was destroyed by the earthquake. 整个小镇已遭地震摧毁整个小镇已遭地震摧毁. * Lets forget the whole affair/matter/thing. 咱们完全不要

15、再想这件事了咱们完全不要再想这件事了. * Tell me the whole truth. 把实情一五一十都告诉我把实情一五一十都告诉我. 2. not broken, damaged or injured; intact 完整的完整的; 无损伤的无损伤的: After the party, there wasnt a glass left whole. 这场聚会结束时这场聚会结束时, 玻璃杯连玻璃杯连一个完整的也没剩下一个完整的也没剩下. * cook sth whole, ie without cutting it up 烹治烹治整个儿的某物（不切开）整个儿的某物（不切开） * swal

16、low sth whole, ie without chewing it 把某物囫囵吞下（不咀嚼）把某物囫囵吞下（不咀嚼） the whole，the whole day 整天 ，two whole weeks 整整两星期all the，all the day (the可省略) 整天all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加theall of us；all of the students参考译文：参考译文： 明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁. 去年夏天, 我去了意大利. 我参观了博物馆, 还去了公园. 一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语, 之后还借给我一本书.

17、我读了几行, 但一个字也不懂. 我每天都想着明信片的事. 假期过得真快, 可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片. 到了最后一天, 我作出了一项重大决定. 我早早起了床, 买来了37张明信片. 我在房间里关了整整一天. 然而竟连一张明信片也没写成!2 Text ExplanationPostcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Itali

18、an. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my ro

19、om, but I did not write a single card! 课文讲解课文讲解(1) Last summer, I went to Italy.(2) adj. coming after all others in time or order 最後的;最后一个，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词thethe last day 最后一天 （具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on） last：(1) adj. latest; most recent “上一个” last summer里的last表示 “上一个” (2) A friendly waiter taught me a few wor

20、ds of Italian.* teach sb. sth. 教某人做某事 He teaches our English.(错) He teaches us English.(对)Shes thinking about changing her job.她正考虑要换个工作。You cant expect me to think of everything. 你不能指望我把什么事儿都想到了。* 语言不可数，所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian I can speak a little English/a few words of English.

21、 * think about/of sth./doing sth. 考虑, 思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事, think of还可指想到。(3) Everyday I thought about postcards.think over 仔细考虑，反复思考Id like more time to think things over. 我要多用些时间把事情好好想想。* a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some，a small number of（一些，少数几个）的意思。 The police would like to ask him a few questions. 警察要

22、问他一些问题。 a few words几句话 have a word with sb,和某人交流 have words with sb: quarrel with sb(4) I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!Spend v.用用(钱钱)；花；花(时间等时间等)，度过，消磨，度过，消磨 sth (on/sth) give or pay out (money) for goods, services, etc 用（钱）; 花（钱）: * Shes spent all her money. 她把钱

23、都花光了. * He spends too much (money) on clothes. 他在衣着上花费太大. sth (on sth/in doing sth) (a) use (time, etc) for a purpose 花（时间等）: spend a lot of time on a project/(in) explaining a plan 花很多时间进行某项目解释某方案 * spend ones energy cleaning the place up 用力气把那地方打扫乾净. (b) use sth up; exhaust sth 用完, 耗尽（某物）: They we

24、nt on firing until they had spent all their ammunition. 他们不停地射击, 耗尽了所有的弹药. * Ive spent all my energy on this. 我对此事已呕尽心血. pass (time) 度过, 消磨（时间）: How do you spend your spare time? 你业余时间怎麽打发? * spend a weekend in Paris 在巴黎过周末 * spend summer holidays by the sea 在海滨过暑假. 3 Key structuresA 一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时

25、一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久。Do you ever catch a cold in the winter?Yes, I caught a cold last winter.B 直接宾语与间接宾语直接宾语与间接宾语双宾语：双宾语：直接宾语(表示动作结果，动作所涉及的事物)和间接宾语(动作目标，动作是谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人)。间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语在后，间接宾主前必须加“to”（表示动作对什么人做）或“for”（表示动作为什么人而做）。give sb. sth./give sth to sb

26、I bought David a book yesterday.I bought a book for David.间接宾语在后面时, 其前必须加to(对而言)或for(为而做)。可以翻译为“给”、“替”、“为”的，就用for；如果只能翻译为“给”的, 就用to.*与to相连的give, take, pass, read, sell, buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise，offer，owe take flowers to my wife.*与for相连的 buy, order, make, find I buy a book for you . make a cak

27、e for you find sth. for sb. do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙 Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me? 帮我一个忙 I do something for you. Can I order something for you? Can I buy you a bottle of beer ? 意为我请你喝杯酒的意思 1 关键句型练习答案关键句型练习答案A went (1.1); visited (1.2) ; sat(1.2) ; taught(1.2); lent; read(1.3); did notUnderstand; thought (1.4); passed (1.5) ; did not send(1.5) ; made; go up (1.6) ;bought (1.7) ; spent(1.7) ; did not write(1.8)C Roy died last yearleft mespent a lot of moneybought one or twonever we