必修3Unit1LearningaboutLanguage

1、1.淹没，淹死淹没，淹死vt.& vi2.悲哀，悲伤悲哀，悲伤n.3.编织编织vt.& vi.4.饿死饿死vi.& vt.5.牧群，兽群牧群，兽群n.6.原谅原谅vt.7.哭泣，流泪哭泣，流泪vt.8.道歉，辩白道歉，辩白vi.9.明显的明显的adj.10.提醒，使想起提醒，使想起vt. Revision 1.drown2.sadness3.weave4.starve5.herd6.forgive7.weep8.apologize9.obvious10.remind11.出现，到场出现，到场12.守信用，履行诺言守信用，履行诺言13.屏息，屏气屏息，屏气14.出发，动身出发，动身15.纪念，缅

2、怀纪念，缅怀16.发生发生17.搞恶作剧搞恶作剧18.期望期望19.日夜，整天日夜，整天20.玩得开心玩得开心11.turn up12.keep ones word13.hold ones breath14.set off15.in memory of16.take place 17.play a trick on18.look forward to19.day and night20.have fun withAnswer key for Discovering useful structuresas though belief celebration Christians custom h

3、ave fun with origin religiousMany people think that Christmas is a western _, but in fact it is really a worldwide holiday. Christmas actually started as a _ festival celebrated by _ around the world. Answer key for Its _ is around the 3rd or 4th century AD, when the _ of remembering Jesus birth on

4、December 25th first started. Today, of course, many people celebrate Christmas _ it were just a holiday to _ family, rather than a holiday about a _.Custom admire feast harvest trick belief starve gather gain look forward to Dont _the day you stop suffering, because when it comes you know youll be d

5、ead. A dog _ at his masters gate predicts the ruin of the state. I would rather have a mind opened by wonder than one closed by _. Answer key for _ you rosebuds while you may, old time is still a-flying, and this same flower that smiles today, tomorrow will be dying. However big the fool, there is a

6、lways a bigger fool to _ him. _ , then, is the great guide of human life. Other peoples _ are always the best _, but ones own children are always the best children. There is no _ on earth does not end in parting. Everyone has some _they can do, but each has his own way of doing them. Those who can l

7、ose shall _ ; those who wish for _shall lose. -modal verbmodal verbGrammar 情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示表示“需要、可以、必须、应当需要、可以、必须、应当”等。等。 什么是情态动词？什么是情态动词？ (Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征1. 情态动词情态动词 不能单独做谓语，除不能单独做谓语，除ought 和和have外，后面只能接不带外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式

8、。的不定式。 2. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有 些情态动词，如些情态动词，如can, will也有一般式也有一般式 和过去式的变化。和过去式的变化。只作情态动词的只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to, must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的 need, dare/dared可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的 have to, used to3. 情态动词的情态动词的“时态时态”形式并不是时间形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动区

9、别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。可能性从大到小可能性从大到小: must can could may might 1) can的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. _： eg. The girl can dance very well. B. _： eg. Can the news be true?can 和和could：表示能力表示能力表示推测可能性表示推测可能性（多用于疑问否定句中）（多用于疑问否定句中）其他用法：命令，惊讶，不相信等。If you wont

10、 keep quiet, you can get out!You cant be serious! C. _:eg. Can I sit here? 表请求或允许表请求或允许2) could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. _: eg. We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. 我三岁就能看书了。我三岁就能看书了。 Father said I could go out with my friends.could 是是can的过去式的过去式, 表示表示过去的能力过去的能力,许可和推测许可和推测B. could可代替可代替can表示请

11、求表示请求, 语气委婉语气委婉eg. Could you lend me your bike? Could I use your bike? -Yes, you canmay 和和might ： may 常用来表示：常用来表示： A. _ eg. May I come in ? Yes, please. B. _表示请求、允许表示请求、允许;比比can正式正式:eg. -I believe the man is from England. -But I may be wrong. The guest may arrive this afternoon表示猜测表示猜测答语避免使用答语避免使用ma

12、y，以免显得，以免显得太严肃或太不客气太严肃或太不客气 C. _ eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! 表示祝愿;语气较正式:多在间接引语中表示多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许过去的可能和允许。也可以表示现在的可能性，但是比也可以表示现在的可能性，但是比may表示的表示的可能性更小可能性更小，且，且might可以用于虚拟可以用于虚拟语气，语气，may不可以。不可以。might 的用法有的用法有: She said that he might take her bike. 她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。Yo

13、u might get some help from her if she were here.will和和would：1. I will tell you something important.我将要告诉你一些重要的事我将要告诉你一些重要的事I have told him again and again to stop smoking,but he will not listen.我一遍一遍地告诉他不要抽烟，但他就是不听。我一遍一遍地告诉他不要抽烟，但他就是不听。 I told him not to do it, but he would. （助动词）（助动词） （情态动词）（情态动词）w

14、ill用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表用于表“意志意志/决心决心/请求请求”是情态动词。是情态动词。would亦同理，只是表过去。亦同理，只是表过去。2. _ If you want help, let me know, will you? 如果你需要帮助如果你需要帮助, 让我知道让我知道, 好吗好吗? Would you type this, please? 请打印这个，好吗？请打印这个，好吗？ Wont you sit down? 请坐下，好吗？请坐下，好吗？ 疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求表委婉不是表过去表委婉不是表过去3. _Woul

15、d you help us, please? 请您帮助我们，好吗？请您帮助我们，好吗？Id go there with you. 我要和你一块到那儿去。我要和你一块到那儿去。 Teacher wouldnt allow it. 老师不会允许这件事。老师不会允许这件事。（表请求）（表请求）would比比will客气委婉。客气委婉。（表意愿）（表意愿）（表许可）（表许可）Will /Would you do? 表请求表请求表意志，愿望，决心表意志，愿望，决心would表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向 “总是总是,总要总要”used to表过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯）表

16、过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯） “过去常常过去常常”used to 可于状态动词连用可于状态动词连用would不可以不可以eg. He used to be a quiet boy. ()He would be a quiet boy. ( ) will/wouldshall和和should： 1. Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter.可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。 （构成一般将来时（构成一般将来时, 助动词）助动词）shall用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。Shall we go by

17、 train, Mom?妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？Shall he come in? 要他进来吗？要他进来吗？2. 用于征求意见用于征求意见,是情态动词是情态动词, 一般一般用于第一人称和第三人称，用于用于第一人称和第三人称，用于疑问句中疑问句中Nothing shall stop us.You shall get what you deserve.He shall be punished if he breaks the rule.No one shall smoke here. 3. 用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令, 或颁布法令规定等。用于二

18、三人称。或颁布法令规定等。用于二三人称。4. eg: You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺言。你应该遵守诺言。You should call the police.*表示“按理说”。Its 8 oclock now, he should be here at any moment.*表埋怨，用于“Shouldnt ?”Shouldnt you be doing your homework now? should表示义务表示义务/建议建议/劝告，意为劝告，意为 “应该应该”。 must 的主要用法：的主要用法： 1. _ eg: We must all die

19、. 人总要死的。人总要死的。 2. _eg: You must get up early. 你必须早起来。你必须早起来。表示必然性。表示必然性。表示强制表示强制/义务。义务。 如：如：We mustnt waste our time. - May I take this magazine out? - No, you mustnt. 注意注意: must not : “禁止禁止”。must 用于一般疑问句的时候，用于一般疑问句的时候，肯定回答用肯定回答用yes, please 或者或者 Im afraid so, 其否定回答用其否定回答用 neednt 或者或者 dont have to表示推

20、测，意为表示推测，意为“一定是一定是”。must+v 对现在的推测对现在的推测must+have+过去分词过去分词 对过去的推测对过去的推测must+be+v-ing 对将来或现在进行时的推测对将来或现在进行时的推测表示表示“偏偏偏偏”，表达对某事的不满或责备等情，表达对某事的不满或责备等情绪。绪。Why must it rain on Sunday? 情态动词情态动词 + have done这是历年高考热点之一，这是历年高考热点之一，可表示可表示“推测、责备、怀疑推测、责备、怀疑”等多种意义。等多种意义。一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计1. must have d

21、one “想必或肯定已经做了某事想必或肯定已经做了某事” eg: The ground is rather wet, so it must have rained last night.2. may/might have done “可能可能/大概已经做了某事大概已经做了某事” eg: Tom may have gone to shanghai, but I still not sure about it.3. cant/couldnt have done “不可能已经做了某事不可能已经做了某事” eg: The ground is very dry, so it cant have rain

22、ed last night二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备1. should/ought to have done “过去本该做而没做过去本该做而没做” eg: I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard, but it was too late.2. shouldnt/oughtnt to have done “过去不该做的事却做了过去不该做的事却做了” eg: Im very sorry for the words I shouldnt have said

23、to you at that moment.3. could/might have done “本来能够做的事却没做本来能够做的事却没做” eg: He could have worked out the problem.He neednt have come.He didnt need to come. 他本没有必要来（实际也没来）他本没有必要来（实际也没来）他本没有必要来（实际却来了）他本没有必要来（实际却来了）4. neednt have done “原本不必做的事却做了原本不必做的事却做了” eg: Your home is not far from your school, so y

24、ou neednt have left in such a hurry.5. didnt need to do/ didnt have to do “ 没有必要做，实际也没做没有必要做，实际也没做” eg: I didnt need to clean the windows. My sister did it.6. Would rather have done “本想做却未做成本想做却未做成” eg: I would rather have come to help you with your English, but I was too busy at that time. -_ I go

25、out to play, mum? -No, you_. You should do your homework first. A. Might; wouldnt B. May; had better not C. Must; mustnt D. Need; mustntExercise 2. -Where is Emma? -I cant say for sure where she is, but she_ be out shopping. A. can B. should C. must D. may3. The room is in a terrible mess; it _ clea

26、ned. A. cant have been B. couldnt be C. may have been D. would be4. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt根据汉语完成句子。根据汉语完成句子。 A: _(我可以跟朋友我可以跟朋友 去去) to the harvest festival? B: Yes, you may. A

27、: If I want to be a doctor, _ _ (我应该学理科吗我应该学理科吗)? B: I think so. May I go with friendsshould I studyscience 3. I dont know where she is, she _ _ (可能在武汉可能在武汉). 4. At this moment, our teacher _ (想必在批改想必在批改) our exam papers. 5. The road is wet. It _ (肯定下雨了肯定下雨了) last night. 6. Your mother _ _ (一定一直在找你一

28、定一直在找你).maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingbe in Wuhanfor you7. Philip _ _(可能在车可能在车 祸中受了重伤祸中受了重伤). 8. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (可能上班可能上班) by bus.9. Mike _ (一定还没有找回一定还没有找回) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.may (might) have bee

29、n hurtmay (might) have gonecant have foundseriously in the car accidentDiscovering useful structures 1. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather . 2. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals 3. At that time people would starve if food was difficult

30、to find . 4. or to satisfy the ancestors , who might return either to help or to do harm. 5. For the Japanese festival Obon , people should go to clean graves.Answer key for 6. It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go . 7. the children might play a trick on them . 8. Festivals c

31、an also be held to honour famous people 9. Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events .10. In European countries ,people will usually decorate churches and town halls11. Some people might win awards for their farm produce.12. At the Spring Festival in china ,people may give children lucky money in red paper13. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets .14. The country looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. Answer