新概念第二册第4课-z

1、NCE-2New Concept EnglishLesson 4An exciting tripI.Key words exciting, receive, firm, differentII.Key structures The present perfect simple现在完成时 key points Revision 寄，送明信片损坏博物馆公共的友好的服务员借给决定整个的唯一的sendpostcardspoilspoilt/spoiledmuseumpublicfriendlywaiterlenddecisionwholesingle Postcards always _ my hol

2、idays. Last summer, I went to _. I _ museums and sat in _ gardens. A _ waiter taught me a few words of _. Then he _ me a book. I read a _ lines, but I did not _ a word. Every day I _ _ my postcards. My holidays passed _, but I did not _ cards to my friends. _ the last day I _ a big _. I got up _ and

3、 _ thirty-seven cards. I _ the _ day in my room, _ I did not write a _ card!spoilItalyvisitedpublicfriendlyItalianlentfewunderstandthoughtaboutquicklysendOnmadedecisionearlyboughtspentwholebutsingleRevision 单词学习lexciting adj. 令人兴奋的lreceive v. 接受，收到lfirm n. 商行，公司ldifferent adj. 不同的lcentre n. 中心labroa

4、d adv. 在国外New wordsexcitingadj. 令人兴奋的 excited adj. 感到兴奋的 -ed自己感到自己感到 interested, bored, relaxed-ing令人感到令人感到 interesting, boring, relaxinge.g. I am interested in this book. This is an interesting book.exciting adj. 令人兴奋的l这个消息真让人兴奋。The news is really exciting.l我很激动. I am excited.lexcite v. 激动l这个消息让我激动

5、。The news excites me.linteresting adj. 令人感到有趣的linterested adj. 感到有意思的l这本书很有意思。The book is interesting.linterest v. 对感兴趣l那本书让我感到很有趣。The book interests me. v.接受，收到（客观的收到）e.g. receive a letter (from sb.)This morning I receive a bunch of flowers.同义 accept同意，接受（主观）e.g. This morning I received a bunch of

6、flowers，but I didnt accept it.receivetake接受，收到e.g. take the exam, take adviceNew wordsreceivel vt. 接到，收到，得到l你什么时候收到的那封信？lWhen did you receive that letter?l vt. 招待，接待l如果你要招待这么多客人的话，你需要一个大房间。lYou need a large room if you are going to receive so many guests.lreceive是“收到”，指的是一个客观的动作laccept 主观上同意接收l今天早上我

7、收到了一个男孩送给我的一束花，但是我并没有接受。lThis morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy, but I didnt accept it.differentl adj. 不同的，相异的（经常与from连用）l我们今年有不同的打算。lWe are planning something different this year. l我的房间与你的不同。lMy room is different from yours.l adj. 各种各样的，不同的l这家百货商店出售许多各种各样的东西。lThis department store se

8、lls a large number of different things.l他去过中国的不少地方。lHe has visited many different places in China. abroad adv. 在国外（副词, 直接和动词连用）l去国外lgo abroadl去国外学习lstudy abroadl今年我想去国外，有可能去法国南部。lI would like to go abroad this year, perhaps to the South of France.课文讲解lI have just received a letter from my brother, T

9、im. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will

10、soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.lI have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. l同位语：一个名词（或短语等）与另一个名词（或短语）并列而作为其说明或限定成分时称为同位语。同位语与它所补充说明的成分之间用逗号隔开。l这位是约翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。lThis is John, one of my be

11、st friends. l我的邻居史密斯夫人从来没有出过国。lMrs. Smith, my neighbor, has never been abroad. lHe has been there for six months.lhas been + 地点 + for + 时间l在某地多长时间l他已经在北京一年了。lHe has been in Beijing for one year.l他已经在美国呆了两年了lHe has been in America for tow years.lI have arrived in Beijing. larrive 是瞬间动词不能和段时间连用lTim is

12、 an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. lwork for 在上班/任职，强调workl我在学校任职。lI am working for a school.lwork in 强调地点（在哪个地方上班）l我在医院工作。lI am working in the hospital.lA great number of 大量的l在花园里有许多漂亮的花。lThere are a great number of

13、 beautiful flowers in the garden.lHe has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.lhas gone to 去了某地没回来lhas been to 曾经去过某地, 现在不在那个地方l你去过巴黎吗？lHave you been to Paris?lLucy去了图书馆。lLucy has gone to the library.lHe will soon visit Darwin. From the

14、re, he will fly to Perth. lsoon: 很快(时间)l他马上就来lHe will come soon.l一会见!lSee you soon!lfrom 既可以加时间又可以加地点l我从8点半到11点半在那。lI was there from half past 8 to half past 11l从这里到火车站多远?lHow far is it from here to the station?lfly to Perth=go to Perth by airlMy brother has never been abroad before, so he is findin

15、g this trip very exciting.lfind作“发现”、“发觉”讲时宾语往往带补足语（一般为形容词），说明宾语的状况、性质等。lfind +宾语+形容词做宾补l当我回到家的时候，我发现房间很干净。lWhen I returned home, I found the room clean.l她发现婴儿还在睡lShe found her baby still asleep.New wordsfirmn.商行，公司 law firm法律公司company公司 differentadj.不同的 same相同的adv.differently, n. differencee.g. be

16、different from differences between A&BNew wordscentren.中心，中央（美式center）adj. central中央的，中心的e.g.in the centre (of spl), central park, the city centreabroadadv. 在国外e.g. go abroad, study abroad live abroad, be abroadQ: What can you see in the picture? Lead inQ: What happened to the man? Can you guess?1.

17、How long has Tim been in Australia?Listen and answer the question.New LessonTim has been in Australia for six months.2. What does he do in Australia?He is working for a big firm as an engineer.3. Why is Tim finding the trip exciting?Because Tim has never been abroad before. This is his first trip ab

18、road.New Lesson An exciting tripI have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car

19、and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.Language points1. I have just received a letter from my brother.收到某人来信2.He is working

20、 for a big firm.get a letter from sb.have a letter from sb.hear from sb.在上班、任职,还可以用work at/ine.g.My father works for a business company.3. he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. a number of+可数名词的复数，number前一般可用large, great, small等形容词强调数量大小。a great many of + 可数名词a grea

21、t amount of + 不可数名词Language points4. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs.He has gone to the south.(还在)He has been to the south.(去过)5. He is finding this trip very exciting.find+n+adj.觉得怎么样e.g.I find the film disppointing. Do you find the book very interesting?Summary w

22、ritingAnswer these questions in not more than 50 words. What has the writer just received from his brother?2. Is Tim an engineer, or is he a doctor?3. How long has he been in Australia?4. Has he already visited many places or not?5. Where is he now?6. Has Tim ever been abroad before or not?7. Is he

23、enjoying his trip very much or not?Summary writing The writer has just received a letter from his brother, Tim. Tim is an engineer. He has been in Australia for six months. He has already visited many places. Now he is in Alice Springs. Tim has never been abroad before. He is enjoying his trip very

24、much.现在现在完成完成时态时态WinterWinter has has alreadyalready comecome. .Grammar现在现在完成完成时的构成形式时的构成形式 have done has助动词助动词过去过去分词分词Grammar用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系现在有联系: 动作或状态发生在过去动作或状态发生在过去,但它的但它的影响现在还存在影响现在还存在。 They have left. -他们已经离开了他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have h

25、ad my lunch. -我已经吃过午饭了我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿也就是说我现在不饿现在现在完成完成时的含义时的含义也可表示也可表示持续到现在持续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。 He has learned English since 2001. -从从2001年开始学的年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢现在还在继续学着呢nowpastfuture一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作在的动作/状态状态,或者发生在过去却对现

26、在造成的影响或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响Grammar 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）强调对现在的影响，电影的内

27、容已经知道了。）2一般过去时一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in October, just now, - 具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few yea

28、rs, recently, -模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时错错Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.对对Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.Grammar3现在完成时现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一动词一般是延续性的般是延续性的,如如live,t

29、each,learn,work,study, know. 一般过去时一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。等。She joined the League three years ago.(加入的动作不是延续的加入的动作不是延续的)She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago).(在团内的状态可延续在团内的状态可延续)She has been a League member for t

30、hree years (since three years ago).(是团员的状态可持续是团员的状态可持续)Grammar延续动词表示经验、经历；延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为的结果瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示一段不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。时间的状语连用。比较延续动词与瞬间动词比较延续动词与瞬间动词 He has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果表结果)Ive known him since then.我从那时起就认识他我从那时起就认识他了。了。(表经历表经历)Grammarsince 用来说明动作起始时间用来说明动作

31、起始时间 “自从自从”for用来说明动作延续时间长度用来说明动作延续时间长度 “长达长达”I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比较比较since和和for并非有并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时I worked here for more than

32、twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。我现在已不在这里工作。)I have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。现在我仍在这里工作。)GrammarHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾经曾经) 去过上海。去过上海。比较比较 have/has been to , have/has gone toGrammarHe died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago

33、.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door a