（福师网考）福建师范大学《语言与文化》网考通关资料（含答案）

1、语言与文化考试大纲 附答案张宴席，庆祝后继有人。嘉宴庆之时，一位相士来到孩子面前，见这孩子宽额大脸，耳阔有轮，天庭饱满，阎王将这阴魂带到天上玉帝面前，请玉帝公断，玉帝召来人间灶神，问及这位一脸富贵相的人怎么会饿死房中，灶神便将这胖小子不思学业、不务农事，挥霍荒淫的行为一一禀告。玉帝一听大怒，令差官听旨，要胖小子听候发落，玉帝道：“你命相虽好，却懒惰成性，今罚你为猪，去吃粗糠”这段时间恰逢天宫在挑选生肖。这天宫差官把“吃粗糠”听成了“当生肖”。当即把这胖小子带下人间，从此，胖小子成为一头猪，既吃粗糠，又当上了生肖。猪靠自己的努力当上了生肖，在天宫排生肖那天，玉帝规定了必须在某个时辰到达天宫，取首

2、先到达的十二种动物为生肖，猪自知体笨又白又胖，便断言这孩子必是大福大贵之人。但这肥胖小子福里生，福里长，自小只知衣来伸手，饭来张口，不习文武，修农事，只是花天酒地，游手好闲，认为命相已定，福贵无比，不必辛苦操劳。哪知这孩子长大成人之后，父母去世，家道衰落，田产典卖，家仆四散。这胖小子仍然继续过着挥金如土的生活，直到最后饿死在房中，这胖小子死后阴魂不散，到阴曹地府的阎王那里告状，说自己天生富贵这相，不能如此惨淡而亡，阎王将这阴魂带到天上玉帝面前，请玉帝公断，玉帝召来人间灶神，问及这位一脸富贵相的人怎么会饿死房中，灶神便将这胖小子不思学业、不务农事，挥霍荒淫的行阎王将这阴魂带到天上玉帝面前，请玉帝

3、公断，玉帝召来人间灶神，问及这位一脸富贵相的人怎么会饿死房中，灶神便将这胖小子不思学业、不务农事，挥霍荒淫的行为一一禀告。玉帝一听大怒，令差官听旨，要胖小子听候发落，玉帝道：“你命相虽好，却懒惰成性，今罚你为猪，去吃粗糠”这段时间恰逢天宫在挑选生肖。这天宫差官把“吃粗糠”听成了“当生肖”。当即把这胖小子带下人间，从此，胖小子成为一头猪，既吃粗糠，又当上了生肖。猪靠自己的努力当上了生肖，在天宫排生肖那天，玉帝规定了必须在某个时辰到达天宫，取首先到达的十二种动物为生肖，猪自知体笨为一一禀告。玉帝一听大怒，令差官听旨，要胖小子听候发落，玉帝道：“你命相虽好，却懒惰成性，今罚你为猪，去吃粗糠”这段时间

4、恰逢天宫在挑选生肖。这天宫差官把“吃粗糠”听成了“当生肖”。当即把这胖小子带下人间，从此，胖小子成为一头猪，既吃粗糠，又当上了生肖。猪靠自己的努力当上了生肖，在天宫排生肖那天，玉帝规定了必须在某个时辰到达天宫，取首先到达的十二种动物为生肖，猪自知体笨行走慢，便半夜起床赶去排队当生肖。由于路途遥远，障碍也多，猪拼死拼活才爬到南天门，但排生肖的时辰已过，但猪苦苦央求，其他五畜也为之求情，最后终于感动了天神，把猪放进南天门，当上了最后一名生肖。这样，马、牛、羊、鸡、狗、猪“六畜”都成了人间的生肖。历史编辑 播报猪的历史要追溯到四千万年前，有迹象证明家猪可能来自欧洲和亚洲。在被人们发现的化石中证明有像

5、野猪一样的动物穿梭于森林和沼泽中等。野猪首先在中国被驯化，中国养猪的历史可以追溯到新石器时代早、中期。先秦时期据殷墟出土的甲骨文记载，商、周时代已有猪的舍饲。而后随着生产的发展，逐渐产生了对不同的猪加以区分的要求，商、周时代养猪技术上的一大创造是发明了阉猪技术。汉代随着农业生产的发展，养猪已不仅为了食用，也为积肥。这一情况促进了养猪方式的变化。汉代以前虽已有舍饲，但直至汉代时止，放牧仍是主要的养猪方式。当时在猪种鉴定上已知猪的生理机能与外部形态的关系，这对汉代选育优良猪种起了很大作用。魏晋南北朝时期这一时期，舍饲与放牧相结合的饲养方式逐渐代替了以放牧为主的饲养方式。随着养猪业的发展和经济文化的

6、不断进步，养猪经验日益丰富。唐宋时隋、唐以后养猪已成为农民增加收益的一种重要手段 2 。一、单项选择题 1. In its narrow sense, culture is _.A. the attributes of man B. life way of a population C. intellectual or academic developmentD. whatever distinguishes one nation from all the other nations答案：B2.When you meet an American friend of yours who are

7、just off a plane at the airport, you can greet him by saying “_”.A. So you are here finally!. B. Did you have a good trip?C. You must have had a tiring journey D. How long did it take you to get here?答案：B3. Westerners are said to be _ in interpersonal communication.A. direct B. indirect C. linear D.

8、 spiral答案：A4. When you form an "O" with your thumb and forefinger while stretching out the other three fingers, you mean “_”A. victory B. I'm full. C. good luck D. Everything is OK.答案：D5. When asking strangers in the USA the right way to a certain place, you can use_A. Sir or Madam. B.

9、 Mr. or Mrs. C. Ms. or Miss. D. Dr. or Professor答案：A6. When Professor Crawford is about to leave for sightseeing on a cold winter day, you should say to him “_”A. Have a good time. B. Be careful not to catch cold.C. You'd better wear more clothes. D. You'd better take a coat with you.答案：A7.

10、When you see an American friend having dinner, you can greet him by saying “_” A. Hello. Have a nice dinner. B. So, you're having dinner.C. How much do you have for dinner? D. How do you enjoy it ?答案：A8. Which of the following is not included in the main functions of nonverbal communication?A. r

11、egulating B. repeating C. word-building D. substituting答案：C9. When two strangers are introduced to each other in the U.S., they usually start what is called_._ A. free talk B. small talk C. big talk D. introductory talk答案：B10When we receive training about various aspects of a given culture with a vi

12、ew toward improving our effectiveness in working with people from that culture, it is called_.A. culture-general training B. culture-specific trainingC. all-round training D. narrow training答案：B11. When you enter an American home and hear "Let me take your coat", you should know that_. A.

13、your coat must be wet B. it's extremely hot indoorsC. wearing a coat indoors is uncomfortableD. it's an American custom to take off one's coat in this situation答案：B12. Intercultural communication is concerned with communication among people from different _.A. areas B. countries C. relig

14、ions D. cultural backgrounds答案：D13. When you want to learn about someone's family relationship withanother person, you may ask “_”A. Are you relatives? B. How are you related?C. How are you called? D. Are you family members?答案：B14. It's generally acknowledged that the publication of "Th

15、e Silent Language" in 1959 by_marked the beginning of intercultural communication studies in the United States.A.R. Porter B. C. Barnlund. C. Edward T. Hall D. A. Samovar.答案：C15. When you say to an American woman "You have a handsome husband", she may_.A. appreciate it B. get angry C.

16、 deny it D. feel anxious答案：A16. "You're beautiful today and look much younger than before." A Chinese student said to an American lady, who was not happy at all about the "compliment". The problem lies in_ A. the former part of the "compliment." B. the latter part o

17、f the "compliment."C. the use of the word "beautiful". D. the use of the word "much".答案：B17. Americans tend to open gifts in the presence of the giver. This shows that_. A. they are greedy. B. they are eager to have them.C. they are ready to express gratitude. D. they a

18、re impatient with guests.答案：C18. "I am a poor Chinese boy who very much desires every kind of information about your prestigious and famous university which has graduated so many esteemed scholars in every kind of field." This kind of language_.A. is very impressive by American standardsB.

19、 sounds too emotional by American standardsC. sounds too flowery and exaggerated by American standardsD. is very bad English by American standards答案：C19. Communication with the ingredient of "feedback" can be called_.A.one-way communication B.two-way communicationC.complete communication D

20、.conscious communication答案：B20. It is said that by tradition the Chinese culture is a _A. shame culture B. guilt culture C. industrial culture D. nomadic culture答案：A21. In English speaking countries you usually introduce _, not the other way round. A. a man to a woman B. a woman to a manC. an old wo

21、man to a young woman D. an old woman to a young man答案：A22. Which of the following sentences is correct?A.She reads in the open in the morning everyday aloud.B.She reads aloud in the morning in the open every day.C.She reads in the morning in the open aloud every day.D.She reads aloud in the open in

22、the morning every day.答案：D23. The English speaking people are direct, so _A. they reason from the particular to the general, from parts to the whole, or from the small to the bigB. they reason from the general to the particular, from the whole to the part or from the big to the smallC. they prefer t

23、he information structure in which the more important information precedes the less important information.D. they prefer the information structure in which the less important information precedes the more important information.答案：C24. Language is an instrument used in the _ of thought.A. patterns B.

24、structure C. function D. communication答案：D25. Sentence "_" is correct.A. He lives in 25 Robertson road , Perth, Australia.B. He lives in Perth, 25 Robertson Road, Australia.C. He lives in Australia, Perth, 25 Robertson Road.D. He lives in Perth, Australia, 25 Robertson Road.答案：A26. When yo

25、u want to leave your host's home, you, as a guest, can say “_”A. I must leave now, I have something important to do.B. I'm afraid I must go now, it is too late.C.I'm afraid I must be leaving now, for I have something important to do.D. I must be leaving now, for I have something importan

26、t to do.答案：B27. The tendency to interpret or to judge all other groups, their environments, and their communication according to the categories and values of our own culture is_.A. relativism B. imperialism C. criticism D. ethnocentrism答案：D28. The expression "he shakes hands like a dead fish&qu

27、ot; refers to a limp handshake , a sign in the American culture of_.A. a weak character B. a strong characterC. a flexible character D. a moral character答案：A29. When you see an American cleaning his bike, you may greet him by saying “_”A. So, you're cleaning your bike. B. Hello, you're doing

28、 a good job.C. Hello, you're a capable man. D. So, your bike is dirty.答案：B30.When an American smiles at you while passing you by on the street,you may rightly suppose that_.A. he or she is sexual maniac B. he or she is trying to make friends with youC. he or she is laughing at you D. he or she i

29、s trying to appear friendly答案：D31. Communication between two speakers of the same culturalbackground is called_A. intercultural communication B. interpersonal communication.C. intracultural communication D. intrapersonal communication答案：C32. American scholars generally trace the origin of intercultu

30、ral communication to_.A. cultural anthropology B. socio-linguisticsC. comparative education D. philosophy答案：A33. In English culture, the introduction rule "_" is correct.A. When introducing two males or two females, put the younger person's name firstB. Men don't have to take off t

31、heir gloves before shaking handsC. When a man and a woman are to shake hands, it is the man who extends his hand firstD. When introductions are made, start with first names, then add some descriptive notes.答案：D34. The explanation for " to move heaven and earth to do something" is _.A. &quo

32、t;to understand the nature of one's work and be competent in the performance of them"B. " to lose the opportunity to do something"C. " to do something without proper materials"D. " to make every effort to achieve or obtain something"答案：D35. Some nonverbal messa

33、ges are consistent with accompanying verbal message, which is the _ function of nonverbal message.A. complementing B. contradicting C. regulating D. accenting答案：A二、多项选择题1. When English speakers accept an invitation, they may say_.A. "That's very kind of you. Thank you."B. "That wo

34、uld be very nice. Thank you."C. "Thank you very much. I'll try to come."D. "I'll go if I am free." 答案：AB2. When responding to a praise, Chinese people would say“ 您过奖了”， which corresponds to "_" in English.A. You praise me too much. B. No, no. That's too

35、 much for me.C. It's very kind of you to say so D. Thank you答案：CD3. “不敢当”as a response to a praise can be translated into _.A. It's very kind of you to say so. B. I'm not worthy of the praise.C. Thank you D. I do not deserve the praise.答案：AC4. When responding to compliment “you look very

36、 nice in this Dress”, you should say “_”A. Thank you, but it is just so so.B. No, it is quite ordinary.C. Thank you, I'm glad that you like it.D. Do you really think so? I was not sure whether it suits me.答案：CD5. Paratactic relations refer to construction which are linked through_. A. juxtaposit

37、ion B. punctuation C. conjunction D. intonation答案：ABD6. The properties of culture are that_.A. culture is human specific B. culture is general and abstractC. culture is a national phenomenon D. culture is a historical phenomenon答案：ABCD7. Hypotactic relations refer to construction which are not linke

38、d through_. A. juxtaposition B. punctuation C. conjunction D. intonation答案：ABD8. Which of the following questions would offend English native speakers?A. Where do you live? B. Why are you still single?C. Who will you vote for? D. How much do you earn each year?答案：ABCD9. The relationship between lang

39、uage, culture and thought is that_.A. language is the carrier of cultureB. language is determined by culture while culture is determined by thoughtC. each of them can operate independentlyD. the three aspects interact, each influencing and shaping the other two答案：AD10. When English speaking people p

40、art, they usually say “_.”A. Good-bye B. It's nice to have met you C. Walk well, please D. So long答案：ABD三、判断题(打“T”或“F”）1. It is said that American culture is a low-context culture.答案：T2. Garage Sale, in the U.S., is garage for sale.答案：F3. Culture stereotype has its own practical uses and limitat

41、ions. 答案：T4. The Chinese language is generally seen as a paratactic language.答案：T5. Lots of Americans interpret silence in a conversation as disapproval, disagreement, or unsuccessful communication.答案：T6. It is a compliment to tell an American pregnant woman that she is most likely to have a baby so

42、n.答案：F7. Poly-chronic time system is characterized by several things happening at the same time.答案：T8. At the end of a dinner an American guest would probably say how full he is.答案：F9. To initiate conversation with an Englishman, you can say “It's raining today, isn't it ?”答案：F10. English-sp

43、eaking shop assistants will normally say in a polite way to customers: "What do you want?"答案：F11. It is a Chinese way of showing hospitality to insist on people accepting offers of drinks and cigarettes.答案：T12. It is said that the United States represents an "anti-smell" culture.

44、答案：T13. In certain situations body action contradicts what is being said.答案：T14. Americans do not consider excessive modesty as a virtue.答案：T15. Englishmen often start with an explanation for a request before they make clear the request itself.答案：F16. There is no communication without feedback.答案：F1

45、7. The Chinese way of showing concern for people is sometimes misunderstood by Americans "as teaching one's grandmother how to suck eggs".答案：T18. If you worked as a secretary in an American company, and one day your boss, seeing you work very late, said to you "Thanks a lot. That

46、is a great help”, the best reply is “It's my duty.”答案：F19. When you want to learn about an American's marital status, you can ask "How come you're still single?"答案：F20. Communication can be appropriate and ineffective.答案：T21. Independence Day of the USA is on the fourth day of

47、July.答案：T22. "She is a cat means" that the cat is female.答案：F23. Kaplan maintains that the organization of an expository prose by Chinese writers reflects a circular line of reasoning.答案：T24. Whenever someone responds to the behavior or the behavior residue of another person, communication

48、 has taken place.答案：T25. Custom is changing; therefore, there is no need of intercultural communication studies. 答案：F26. Low-context communication, if only to be successful, depends very much on extralinguistic environment.答案：F27. According to Dell Hymes, a normal child acquires knowledge of sentenc

49、es, not only as grammatical, but also as appropriate.答案：T28. “To keep the ball rolling” means “to continue playing basketball”.答案：F29. "Mind your please-and-thank you's" is taught to American children.答案：T30. It is usually considered offensive to say to an American woman “you look very

50、 healthy because you are getting weight”.答案：T四、填空题 1. Most English texts are developed linearly, and it is controversial to say that most Chinese ones are developed_.答案：spirally or circularly2. relation at the sentential level refer to constructionswhose components are linked through the use of conj

51、unction.答案：Hypotactic3. The English speaking people say "_" when they need to pass in front of others, to answer the phone or a door bell while talking with others.答案：Excuse me4. It is often said that English is a _ language while Chinese a paratactic one.答案：hypotactic5. The English functi

52、onal equivalent for “这是我应该做的” is “Its my_.”答案：pleasure6. When one offers or urges another person to be first in going through a door, the normal expression is _.答案：After you.7. Cultures that allow people to interact at a close distance are referred to as _ cultures.答案：contact8. Stamping ones foot signifies _ in English body language, but an