新课程与英语教学 (社会主义学院2011年8月19日)

1、长沙市天心区教师进修学校长沙市天心区教师进修学校 宋文宋文1.教什么和学什么？教什么和学什么？ （ What to teach and what to learn)2. 如何教和如何学？如何教和如何学？ （ How to teach and how to learn)3. 教得怎样和学得怎样？教得怎样和学得怎样？（How well it is taught and how well it is learnt)课程的性质课程的性质工具性：工具性：人文性：人文性：培养学生基本的英语素养培养学生基本的英语素养掌握掌握知识知识发展发展技能技能形成形成能力能力继续学习英语继续学习英语用英语学习用英语学习

2、提高学生综合人文素养提高学生综合人文素养开阔视野，丰富生活经历，发展跨文化意识，增强开阔视野，丰富生活经历，发展跨文化意识，增强爱国主义精神，促进创新思维，形成良好的品格和爱国主义精神，促进创新思维，形成良好的品格和正确的人生观与价值观。正确的人生观与价值观。培养学生掌握语言的基础知培养学生掌握语言的基础知识和基本技能识和基本技能形成初步的形成初步的综合语言运用能力综合语言运用能力，促进心智发展，提高综合的人文促进心智发展，提高综合的人文素养。素养。综合语言综合语言运用能力运用能力情感态度情感态度学习策略学习策略文化意识文化意识语言技能语言技能语言知识语言知识国际视野国际视野祖国意识祖国意识合

3、作精神合作精神自信意志自信意志兴趣动机兴趣动机交际策略交际策略资源策略资源策略调控策略调控策略认知策略认知策略跨文化交际跨文化交际文化理解文化理解文化知识文化知识话题话题功能功能语法语法词汇词汇语音语音写写读读说说听听 课程目标课程目标一、语言技能一、语言技能听、说、读、写听、说、读、写理解的技能理解的技能表达的技能表达的技能听、说、读、写既是学习的内容，听、说、读、写既是学习的内容，又是学习的手段。又是学习的手段。二、语言知识二、语言知识是语言运用能力的重要组成部分，是是语言运用能力的重要组成部分，是发展语言技能的基础。发展语言技能的基础。语音语音语法语法词汇词汇功能功能话题话题指兴趣、动机

4、、自信、意志和合作精神等影响指兴趣、动机、自信、意志和合作精神等影响学生学习过程和学习效果的相关因素。学生学习过程和学习效果的相关因素。以及在学习过程中逐渐形成的祖国意识以及在学习过程中逐渐形成的祖国意识和国际视野。和国际视野。三、情感态度三、情感态度 情感态度情感态度关注学生的学习兴趣关注学生的学习兴趣帮助学生建立自信心帮助学生建立自信心设计学习活动设计学习活动对待学生的错误对待学生的错误评价评价与他人合作与他人合作磋商式交流磋商式交流提供使用新旧语言知识和功能提供使用新旧语言知识和功能训练交际策略训练交际策略 指学生为了有效地学习和使用英语而采用的指学生为了有效地学习和使用英语而采用的 各

5、种行动和步骤以及指导这些行动和步骤的各种行动和步骤以及指导这些行动和步骤的 信念。信念。 不仅有利于把握学习的方向，采用科学的途径，不仅有利于把握学习的方向，采用科学的途径，提高学习效率，而且还有助于形成自主学习的能提高学习效率，而且还有助于形成自主学习的能力，为终身可持续性学习奠定基础。力，为终身可持续性学习奠定基础。四、学习策略四、学习策略 学习策略学习策略认知策略：认知策略： 为完成具体的学习任务而采取的步骤和方法为完成具体的学习任务而采取的步骤和方法调控策略：调控策略： 对学习加以计划、实施、反思、评价和调对学习加以计划、实施、反思、评价和调整的策略。整的策略。交际策略：交际策略： 为

6、争取更多的交际机会、维持交际以及提为争取更多的交际机会、维持交际以及提高交际效果而采取的各种策略高交际效果而采取的各种策略资源策略：资源策略： 合理并有效利用多种媒体进行学习和运用英合理并有效利用多种媒体进行学习和运用英语的策略语的策略lQuestionnaireRead each one. Put a tick in the box next to those strategies you use. Do you?l1. Repeat a word to make sure you understand.l2.Repeat the sentence up to the part you di

7、d not understand, then ask for examples. l3. Ask the speaker to repeat the word or sentence.l4. Ask the speaker to explain the word, sentence or phrase. l( What does.mean?)l5. Ask if what you said is correct. (is that correct?)l6. Ask people to repeat, using other words.l7. Repeat what the speaker h

8、as said, according to your understanding.l ( Do you mean(say it in your own words.)l8. Ask if the other person has understood you. ( Do you understand?)l9. Keep talking even if you are not sure that everything is correct.l10. Ask the speaker to speak more slowly.l11. Spell words to make your meaning

9、 clear.l12. Use example to explain your meaning.l 13. Use another kind of sentence if you are not so sure of certain structure.l 14. Use any of the following clues to guess the meaninglthe rest of the sentencelkey wordslthe purpose of the conversationlgestures and expressions of the facelintonation

10、of the speaker.l Roles in groups Organized the other members of the group Contributed an idea Encouraged others to say something Tried to get everyone to come to agreement Summarized what other people had said Evaluated other peoples ideas Asked people to explain what they meant Made everyone laugh

11、Tried to smooth out problem Was rude about other peoples ideas Distracted the group by talking about something else Interrupted other people to state my own ideas Did something else while everyone was talking Didnt listen to other peoples idea Didnt talk in English 在外语教学中，文化是指所学语言国家的在外语教学中，文化是指所学语言国

12、家的 历史地理、风土人情、传统习俗、生活方式、历史地理、风土人情、传统习俗、生活方式、 行为规范、文学艺术、价值观念等。行为规范、文学艺术、价值观念等。五、文化意识五、文化意识 S: Look, this is my family photo. T: Oh, what a nice photo! Who is the man? S: He is my father. T: Who is the woman? S: She is my mother. T: Who is the old woman? S: Oh, she is my grandma A: Will you have some m

13、ore?B1: Oh, yes, please. Its delicious.B2: Oh, no, thank you. I dont want much to eat.B3: Thank you. I am sorry to hear about you grandma. I am sorry to hear that your grandma killed herself. I am very sorry to hear your grandma tripped over the cat, cartwheeled down the stairs and brained herself o

14、n the electricity meter. - You are very beautiful in red, Mary. - No, this red dress is old. I dont think its beautiful. - Thank you. I am glad to hear it.Dr. Smith, youve made a wonderful lecture!I really appreciate your lecture, Dr. Smith. 举止方式差异导致社交语用失误：举止方式差异导致社交语用失误：“Dr. Brown, You gave us such

15、 an attractive talk that Id like to listen to you for another whole morning.” “I must say, I really appreciate your talk this morning, 价值观念差异带来的社交语用失误：价值观念差异带来的社交语用失误：-whats your name?-My name is Li.-How old are you?-Im forty.-Where are you from?-Im from Guangdong. Where are you from？-Im from Hunan.

16、-Is your wife from Hunan,too?-No, she isnt. Shes from Hubei.-Are you writing a letter to your wife?-Yes, I am.-How often do you write to your wife?-Once a week.Please sit down, Mrs Green. Youre old.-Its cold outside. Put on your coat.-Thank you mumy.- Where are you going? - Its none of your business

17、. A: I enjoy the meal. B: good. Taste this. Eat slowly. Eat more. C: Help yourself. - Sorry. I must be going. I really enjoy the party. Thank you so much. Good night. - Go slowly. Take care of yourself. 正：We are happy to have spent a wonderful night with you. See you tomorrow.文化意识文化意识1. 1. 文化内涵文化内涵2

18、. 2. 得体性得体性3. 包容尊重的态度包容尊重的态度4. 研究能力研究能力一、一、 面向全体学生，关注语言面向全体学生，关注语言学习者的不同特点和个体差异。学习者的不同特点和个体差异。Perception of the languageRelationship with the teacherFamily backgroundTypes of intelligenceinterestsgenderAttitude and motivation for learning EnglishExperience of the world二、注重语言实践，培养学生综二、注重语言实践，培养学生综合语言

19、运用能力。合语言运用能力。基本原则：基本原则：1.1. 以语境激活为首要任务。以语境激活为首要任务。 What is real learning? It is actually a very complex one. The first point to note is that what children in the classroom learn will depend to a large extent on what they already know. Irrespective of their age, children will have some knowledge and

20、some conception of the classroom topic they are faced with, which they have acquired from books, television, talking to parents and friends, visits to places of interest, previous work in school, and so on. 基本原则：基本原则：1.1. 以语境激活为首要任务。以语境激活为首要任务。 建构建构语言语言学习的背景知识，激发学生学习兴趣，激活学生的思学习的背景知识，激发学生学习兴趣，激活学生的思维

21、活动。维活动。 Hobbies(5B)Bens hobby is collecting stamps. He has many beautiful stamps. He is showing them to his classmates激活语境以建构语篇内容的轮廓，让学生带着有准备的头脑进激活语境以建构语篇内容的轮廓，让学生带着有准备的头脑进入语篇的学习状态。成功与否，重在导入。入语篇的学习状态。成功与否，重在导入。2. 2. 以语言活动设计为主要手段。以语言活动设计为主要手段。3. 3. 以学生体验、参与为主要形式。以学生体验、参与为主要形式。4. 4. 以综合语言运用能力的发展为主要目标。

22、以综合语言运用能力的发展为主要目标。Look at the lady in white walking at the head of the procession! ( 邓炎昌、刘润清邓炎昌、刘润清1989：206）Businesshadbeenslowsincetheoilcrisis.Nobodyseemedtowantanythingreallyelegantanymore.Suddenlythedooropenedandawell-dressedmanenteredtheshowroomfloor.Johnputonhisfriendliestandmostsincereexpress

23、ionandwalkedtowardtheman.活动的设计：活动的设计：(1) Before-reading activities predicting.Predicting:Predicting based on the titlePredicting based on vocabularyPredicting based on the T/F questionsA Nation of Pet-loversSave the Jungles: Save the wordPolice Hunt for ChildText1: What is a pet? What are pets for?

24、Why do people love pets? Are there any problems with pets?Text2: What is a jungle? Where can you find jungles? What do you think has happened to the jungles?Text3: What happened to the child? How do you think the parents would feel? What could the police do?(2) During-reading activities reading for

25、the main idea(s).(3) After-reading activities reading for specific information. (1) Before-reading activities:a. Brainstorm Ask your students what words or ideas they can suggest that relate to the text that they will read, or to a picture from the text or to the topic or title.b. Discussion Ask you

26、r students to discuss a picture from the text or the title. They can talk about what they think the story will be about, who will be in it, and what might happen.c. Questioningd. Pre-teaching difficult key words(2) During-reading activities:a. Reading for the main idea Finding key words and topic se

27、ntences; True or false sentences written on the blackboard to be checked, according to the text; Fill in the blanks in the passage with sentences, or match the topic sentences to some paragraphs in the text.b. Mid-text predictingc. Reading for specific informationd. Gap-filling exercise Remove some

28、key words from the text, ask students to guess the missing words from the context. e. Pronoun checks and guessing unknown words(3) After-reading activitiesa. Retell the story in small groups or as a class. Students act out the story, using their own words.b. Rewrite the story in their own words, pre

29、ferably in pairs or in groups to encourage discussion.c. Discuss the story in pairs or small groups, giving their opinions of what they have read, or suggesting different endings.三、实例三、实例 Its a spring morning. Paul is going to school on his bike. On the way to the school, he finds a wallet and picks

30、 it up. There is two hundred and fifty dollars in the wallet. “Whose wallet is it?” he wonders. Then, an old lady comes over. Paul asks the old lady, “Is it your wallet, madam?” The old lady says, “Yes, its mine.” “Whats in the wallet, then?” Paul asks. The old lady says, ”Two hundred and fifty doll

31、ars.” Paul says, “Thats right, madam. Here you are.” And he gives the wallet back to the lady. The lady smiles and says, “You are a good boy. Here is twenty-five dollars for you. Thank you very much.” Paul says, “Youre welcome, madam. Bye, bye.” Then he rides his bike to school. 沪教版沪教版小学英语分级阅读小学英语分级

32、阅读（五（五上）上）其隐性教学目标有：其隐性教学目标有：通过再读课文，使学生加深对文本的理解，从而通过再读课文，使学生加深对文本的理解，从而对其进行思想道德教育，引导其学习和养成拾金对其进行思想道德教育，引导其学习和养成拾金不昧的良好品德；不昧的良好品德；通过小组合作学习，使学生智慧地处理较为复杂通过小组合作学习，使学生智慧地处理较为复杂事情的生活能力得到形成和发展；事情的生活能力得到形成和发展；通过对话语的比较，使学生的英语语言文化知识通过对话语的比较，使学生的英语语言文化知识进一步增长，英语交际中的语用能力得到提高。进一步增长，英语交际中的语用能力得到提高。 针对隐性目标针对隐性目标： 在

33、在“阅读中活动阅读中活动” 中向学生提出了问题中向学生提出了问题“What do you think of Paul? Why?”，让学生带着问题再读课，让学生带着问题再读课文。文。 学生的答案学生的答案 ：1) Paul is an honest boy. 2) Paul is a smart boy. 3) Paul is a polite boy. 4) Paul is a kind boy. 5) Paul is a silly boy.针对隐性目标针对隐性目标 ： 在在“阅读后活动阅读后活动” 中向学生提出了问题：中向学生提出了问题：“What will you do if you

34、find a wallet in the street? AndWhy?”，让学生通过小组讨论后再回答。，让学生通过小组讨论后再回答。 在多数学生主张拾到钱包交给警察时，有一名在多数学生主张拾到钱包交给警察时，有一名男生提出男生提出“But are all policemen good? Im not so sure.”的疑问。的疑问。 针对隐性目标针对隐性目标 在口语操练中设计了这样一道选择题：在口语操练中设计了这样一道选择题：Which of them is better? Why?1) a. Then, an old lady comes over. b. Then, an old wo

35、man comes over.2) a. Peter asks the old lady, “Is it your wallet, madam?” b. Peter asks the old lady, “Is it your wallet, granny?” 通过反复比较，学生逐渐明白了通过反复比较，学生逐渐明白了“an old lady”与与“an old woman”在英语语言文化上的语义差异，在英语语言文化上的语义差异，也认识到了也认识到了“madam”与与“granny”作为称呼在英语作为称呼在英语口语交际中语义的本质区别。口语交际中语义的本质区别。三、三、 丰富课程资源，拓展英语学

36、丰富课程资源，拓展英语学习的渠道。习的渠道。英语课程要求合理利用和积极开发课程资源，给学生提供贴近学生实际、贴近生活、贴近时代的内容健康和丰富的课程资源；要积极利用音像、电视、书刊杂志、网络信息等丰富的教学资源，拓展学习和运用英语的渠道；积极鼓励和支持学生主动参与课程资源的开发和利用。静态教学资源静态教学资源 动态教学资源动态教学资源 预设性动态教学资源预设性动态教学资源生成性动态教学资源生成性动态教学资源正确的教材观正确的教材观 教师必须按照新的教材观创造性地使用教材。这里所说的创造性包含二层意义：从内容上处理教材：从内容上处理教材： 充分利用教材，挖掘和收集文化背景、文学充分利用教材，挖掘

37、和收集文化背景、文学艺术和风土人情等方面的内容。艺术和风土人情等方面的内容。 1. 补充教材，挖掘教材补充教材，挖掘教材 1. As busy as bee. 勤奋勤奋2. The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟有虫吃早起的鸟有虫吃3. eat like a bird 吃的很少吃的很少4. Kill two birds with one stone. 一石二鸟一石二鸟5. teach a fish to swim. 班门弄斧班门弄斧6. cold fish 冷血冷血7. dog ears 卷起的页角卷起的页角8. Love me, love my dog 爱

38、屋及乌爱屋及乌9. It rains cats and dogs. 瓢泼大雨瓢泼大雨10. You are a lucky dog. 幸运儿幸运儿11. Every dog has his day. 人人皆有得意人人皆有得意12. let sleeping dog lie 不可招惹的人不可招惹的人13. hold your horse 稍等稍等2. 取舍教材，调整教材取舍教材，调整教材1. 删减删减教师在处理教材应充分考虑学生的知识水平，选择教材中适合学生实际水平的内容和活动。对教材中有些学生根本无法完成的任务，教师可根据教学情况大胆地将其删减。2. 增加增加教材的话题新颖，学生缺乏相关的背景

39、知识，如果不加以介绍或处理，则会影响学生对教学内容的理解。这时，教师可适当增加有关背景知识，从而帮助学生理解和解读文本。3. 替换替换 在教学过程中，教师可根据实际教学需要，对教材中不太适合的内容或活动进行替换。比如，如果教师认为阅读理解问题设计不合理或不太适合自已的学生，就可以用自已设计的练习换掉原有的问题，代之以符合实际、贴近生活、便于学生开展讨论的问题，以加大学生的活动量。3. 深化教材，拓展教材深化教材，拓展教材从内容上处理教材：从内容上处理教材： 4. 引导学生对课本的某一话题或语言现象展开查阅、讨论、研究和练习活动，让学生得出自己的研究结论。 Silent letter hour

40、climb knee Wrong Island honest sandwich Wednesday Christmas从内容上处理教材：从内容上处理教材：5. 以课本为中心搜集或编写补充材料。包括阅以课本为中心搜集或编写补充材料。包括阅读材料、活动材料、练习材料和测试材料等。读材料、活动材料、练习材料和测试材料等。 Will Knott was a teacher. At 9:00 one evening, when he was in bed, the telephone rang. He picked up the phone and said, “This is 3335683. Who

41、 is speaking, please?” “Watt,” a man answered. “Whats your name. please?” said Mr. Knott. “Watts my name” was the answer. “Yes. I am asking you that. Whats your name.” Mr. Knott said again. “I told you. Watts my name,” said the man. “Are you Jack Smith?” “No. I am Knott.” “Will you give me your name

42、. please?” the man asked. “Will Knott, answered Mr. Knott. Both Mr. Watt and Mr. Knott put down their telephones angrily and thought, “Thats a rude and stupid man.”Just for fun: 1. Why is 9 afraid of 7?2. What must you do before you return a book to the library? You must borrow the book from the lib

43、rary.Seven ate ( eight) nine.Jokes： Tom: Mom, can I have two pieces of cake, please? Mom: Certainly! Take this piece and cut it in two.Jack: Are you going to play basketball this afternoon?Tom: Yes. Jack: Wonderful. So I can borrow your tennis racket then, right? Teacher: You handwriting is awful, B

44、ob. I cant see clearly. You must learn to write better. Bob: If I did, youd find out my spelling was awful too! 教师节、圣诞节、新年贺卡，英文的祝福语。 “有些学生的动手能力特别强，我就经常有些学生的动手能力特别强，我就经常鼓励他们自制生词卡等学具。鼓励他们自制生词卡等学具。” 学生自制的生词卡片比起教师卡片更贴近生活，更能引起学生的兴趣。 The student need do better in _.A. EnglishB. scienceC. math They CANNOT

45、_ in the park this Saturday. A. have a picnic B. go skating C. go swimmingStay calm. Turn off gas, water and electricity.Stay under a desk or a table.Stand away from buildings, trees, telephones and electrical lines.It is very good advice for you to protect yourself . A. when a traffic accident happ

46、ens B. when you go out for a picnic C. when an earthquake hits 51. Which date falls on Tuesday? A. April 13 B. April 22 C. April 24 It is about . A. reading books B. doing sports C. making friends Youd better go out for a picnic on_according to the weather forecast on the right. A. Thursday B. Frida

47、y C. Saturday. If you see the sign in front of a shop, what will you think about? A. You can buy something for the left-handed people here. B. You can only use your left hand here. C. If you want to enter the shop, you must have something on your left hand.Have you ever used the following in your cl

48、assroom teaching?ItemAnswerItemAnswerYesNoYesNoCalendarAdvertisementsApplication formsTime schedulesPostcardsBank statementsTelegramsFax messagesNovelsBusiness lettersHandbooksRules and regulationsShort storiesCredit cardsComic booksPosterStreet signsTravel guidesplaysMapsStore cataloguesWashing ins

49、tructionsGreeting cardsNewspaperChildrens scribblingAnecdotesPoemsCookbooksMagazinesElectronic mailPhone booksWeather forecastProduct labelsPamphletsName cardsAddressesJunk mailDiplomasInformal lettersclothes size1. 激活背景知识，走近课堂教学资源激活背景知识，走近课堂教学资源 从教法上处理教材：从教法上处理教材：用教材教，不教教材用教材教，不教教材案例一：案例一：“ My new

50、English teacher” “today” 南京玄武区教师进修学校南京玄武区教师进修学校 特级教师特级教师 沈峰沈峰全国全国“建构主义思想与小学英语教学研讨会建构主义思想与小学英语教学研讨会“ 观摩观摩课课S1: I have an English class today.S2: Its sunny today.S3: I am happy today.S4: I had rice today.S5: Its 10th April today.S5: My new English teacher is young.S6: My new English teacher is a good

51、woman. S7: My new English teacher is beautiful.T: Thank you very much. Im good, young, beautiful. I am from Nanjin. My English name is Fanny. And I like to read books and make friends 迅速帮助学生从结构上引出本节课的主题pen friend的要素信息：然后，教师适时引出 “ Do you want to make friends with me?” “ How to make friends with me?”

52、迅速切入主题 “ We can be pen friends” “ We can write letters”。 Name: FannyHometown: NanjingHobbies: Read books, make friendsAddress: .案例二：案例二：长沙市天心区教师进修学校长沙市天心区教师进修学校 宋文宋文 QuestionnaireYes/ No1. When the teacher arrives, he / she usually stands up. 2. When he is late for class, he / she usually knocks and

53、 waits to be let in.3. When the teacher is late, he / she usually stays in class and waits.4. When he / she is waiting for a bus, he / she never jumps the queue.5. When he / she is on the bus, he / she usually gives his seat to the people in need.6. When someone helps him / her, he / she usually say

54、s “Thank you.”7. When he wants to visit friends, he / she always makes a phone call first.8. When he / she is invited for a meal, he / she always brings a gift for the host.Report: is my best friend. He usuallywhen So I think that he /she is a( good, kind, friendly, polite, helpful, honest, geneous,

55、 ) student. A good student shouldQuestionnaireYes/ No1. When the teacher arrives, he / she usually stands up. 2. When he is late for class, he / she usually knocks and waits to be let in.3. When the teacher is late, he / she usually stays in class and waits.4. When he / she is waiting for a bus, he

56、/ she never jumps the queue.5. When he is on the bus, he / she usually gives his seat to the people in need.6. When someone helps him / her, he / she usually says “Thank you.”7. When he wants to visit friends, he / she always makes a phone call first.8. When he / she is invited for a meal, he / she

57、always brings a gift for the host.You are supposed to案例二：案例二：明德中学明德中学 高一高一 Project: Write an advice letter1. How often do you have a heart to heart conversation with your parents? A. often B. Occasionally C. SeldomD. Never2. What do you think of your parents? A. Democratic B. Considerate C. Severe3.

58、 Who will you turn to when you are depressed? A. parents B. teachers C. colleaguesD. strangers4. What will you do if your parents misunderstand you?A. Calm down and find an opportunity to talk with them.B. Write a letter for help.C. Reason with themD. Ignore themNow check your score:A5 B3 C1 D01220：

59、You are getting on well with your parents. 411： Youd better find more opportunities to communicate with your parents. 03： You must think about whose fault it is and what you are going to doT: What ways would you like to use to solve these?Writing an advice letter 案例三：案例三：What color do you like?White

60、 BlackBrownGreen2. 整合邻近学科，连横课堂教学资源整合邻近学科，连横课堂教学资源 Whats 2 and 3? Its 5. 1+2=？2+3=？ CUSee you CULSee you later ICI see OICOh, I see ILYI love you BTWBy the way BBLBe back later TYThank you 3. 关注英语兴趣，创新课堂教学资源关注英语兴趣，创新课堂教学资源 26个字母的认读 姓氏排序 字母缩写 Family father and mother I love you 4.巧妙设计作业，升华课堂教学资源巧妙设计作业