上海交大版应用型大学英语综合教程-第3册-unit-1课文翻译与练习答案解读

1、Unit 1 The Story of Steve Jobs This is the text of the Commencement Address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, at Stanford University, delivered on June 12, 2005. 1 I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the wor

2、ld. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation. I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? 2 It started befor

3、e I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife except that when I popped

4、out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking, "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said, "Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mot

5、her had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college. This was the start in my life. 3 And 17 years later I did go

6、to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college wa

7、s going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trusted that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped

8、out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interesting. It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms. I returned coke bottles for the five-cent deposits t

9、o buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example: Reed College at

10、that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. 4 Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn ho

11、w to do this. I learned about serif and sanserif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating. 5 None

12、of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course

13、 in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, it's likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers m

14、ight not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. 6 Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwa

15、rds. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in somethingyour gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life. 本文是苹果计算机公司和皮克斯动画工作室的首席执行官史蒂夫?乔布斯于2005年6月12日在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲稿。 &#

16、160;   1 今天，我很荣幸能来到这所世界顶尖大学参加你们的毕业典礼。我大学没有毕业。说实话，现在是我最接近大学毕业的时刻。我在里德学院读了6个月就退学了，但是作为旁听生又在那里待了18个月左右，然后才真正离开学校。那么我为什么要退学呢？     2 这要从我还没有出生的时候说起。我的生母是个年轻未婚的研究生，因此她决定把我送给别人收养。她觉得我必须由有大学学历的人收养。于是，她安排好了一切，只要我一出生，就把我交给一位律师和他的妻子收养。但是我出生之后，他们在最后一刻决定他们还是想要一个女孩。当时我父母还在候补名单上，一天半夜他

17、们接到一个电话，问他们：“有个新生儿，是意外怀上的，是个男孩，你们要吗？”他们回答：“当然要。”但是，我的生母随后发现我母亲大学没有毕业，我父亲甚至连高中也没毕业，因此拒绝在最后几份领养文件上签字。直到几个月后，我父母承诺将来一定让我上大学，她才同意了。这就是我生命的开始。     3 17年后，我确实上了大学。但是出于无知，我选了一所几乎及斯坦福一样昂贵的学校，因此，工薪阶层的父母把所有积蓄都花在了我的学费上。6个月过去了，我看不到其中的价值所在。我不知道我的人生定位，也不知道大学将如何帮我找到答案，而我正在这里耗尽父母一生的积蓄。所以我决定退学，并相

18、信一切都会顺利。这在当时看来非常可怕，但现在回头看看，那是我做过的最棒的决定之一。从退学的那一刻起，我就不用再上那些不感兴趣的必修课，而开始去学那些看上去更有意思的课程。但一切也不全是这么美妙。我没有自己的宿舍，只有在朋友的房间里打地铺；我拣可乐瓶子，把退来的5美分押金攒起来去买吃的；而到了每个周日晚上，我都会步行7英里，穿过城镇去克利须那觉悟会的庙宇饱餐一顿。我喜欢这样。我依照好奇心和直觉做事，大多事后证明是非常值得的。让我给你们举个例子：当当时里德学院开设可能在全国是最好的书法课程。园里的每一张海报、每一个抽屉的每张标签上都有漂亮的书法。     4

19、 因为我已经辍学，不用参加正规的课程，所以我决定去上这门课，学习书法。我了解了衬线和无衬线字体，学会了如何在不同的字母组合间改变间距，知道了如何让大字体显得很漂亮。这种科学所无法捕捉的、美妙的、充满历史感的微妙艺术，让我心醉神迷。     5 这一切在我的生活中是否实用，我不抱希望。直到10年后，当我们在设计第一台麦金托什电脑时，我想起了这些东西。于是，我们把所有这些都设计进了Mac机。这是第一类拥有漂亮字体排版的电脑。如果我没有在大学旁听那门课程，Mac就不会有多种字体以及间距分配合理的字型，很可能现在的微软PC也不会有这些字型你们要知道，Window

20、s也只是抄袭Mac，并非独创。如果我从未退学，我就绝不会旁听那门书法课，而个人电脑可能也不会有现在这样美妙的字体排版。在大学的时候，我当然不可能把这些点点滴滴都串起来展望未来。但在十年后再回首，一切都变得非常、非常清晰。     6 同样，你们现在也无法预见这类琐碎的经历之间能有什么联系，只有在回首往事时才能发现。你们要相信，这些片断会在未来以某种方式连接起来。你们必须相信一些东西勇气、命运、人生、因缘等等。这个方法从未让我失望，也正是它改变了我的整个人生。New WordscommencementC, usu. sing.   a

21、ceremony at which students receive their academic degrees or diplomas  学位授予典礼，毕业典礼He made a speech at the commencement. 他在毕业典礼上作了演讲。We will get our diplomas at the commencement in May or June. 我们将会在五、六月份举行的毕业典礼上拿到毕业证书。C, U   beginning   开始，开端The commencement of this yea

22、r will be better. 今年将会有一个更好的开始。Animationn.  U   动画制作n.  C a film or movie in which drawings of people and animals seem to move   动画片quitvi/vt.  to leave your job, school, etc.   离开；离校He got his present job when he quitted/quit the army. 他退伍

23、后找到了现在这份工作。If I don't get a pay raise, I'll quit. 如果不给我加薪，我就不干了。vi/vt.  (informal) to stop doing sth.   停止，戒掉Quit fooling around! 别胡闹了!You must quit smoking. Most important of all, you should start taking exercise. 你必须戒烟；最重要的是，你该开始运动了。biologicala.  connected wit

24、h the processes that take place within living things   生物的；及生命过程有关的a child's biological parents 孩子的亲生父母a.  connected with the science of biology  生物学The school has a large biological laboratory. 这所学校有一个很大的生物实验室。unwed not married   没有结婚的，未婚的In 1993 alone, 2

25、6,270 babies were born to unwed teens. 仅仅在1993年便有26270名婴儿为未婚少女所生。adoption n.  C, U the act of adopting a child   收养，领养He was pleased with the adoption of a little girl. 他很高兴收养了一个小女孩. n.  U the decision to start using sth. such as an idea, a plan or a name   采纳

26、，采用The adoption of this policy would relieve the unions of a tremendous burden. 采用这一政策将会减轻工会沉重的负担。 adopt vt.  to take sb. else's child into your family and become its legal parent(s)   收养，领养 vt.  to formally accept a suggestion or policy by voting   正式通过，表

27、决采纳（建议、政策等）vt.  to start to use a particular method or to show a particular attitude towards sb./sth.   采用（某方法）；采取（某态度）relentvi.  to finally agree to sth. after refusing   终于答应，不再拒绝Afterwards she relented and let the children stay up late to watch TV. 后来她让步了，让

28、孩子们看会儿电视，晚点再睡。 The police will not relent in their fight against crime. 警方在跟犯罪分子的斗争中决不手软.vi.  to become less determined, strong, etc.   减弱，变缓和The pressure on us to finish this task will not relent. 为完成此项任务，我们受到的压力不会减轻。naivelyad.  in a naive manner   无知地；天真地The

29、y naively assume things can only get better. 他们天真地以为情况肯定会好转。scarya.  causing fear or alarm   引起恐慌的That movie was too scary. 那部电影太吓人了。stumblevi.  1) to move or walk in an unsteady way   跌跌撞撞地走，蹒跚而行A drunk stumbled past us. 有个喝醉的人跌跌撞撞地从我们身边走过。The tired old man s

30、tumbled along. 那位疲惫的老人蹒跚而行。vi.  2) to hit one's foot against sth. while one is walking or running and almost fall   绊脚I stumbled over a tree root. 树根绊了我一下。He stumbled on the staircase and hurt his leg. 他在楼梯上绊了一跤，伤了腿.intuitionn.  1) U the ability to know sth. by usin

31、g your feelings rather than considering the facts   直觉力Nobody told me where to find you. It was sheer intuition. 没有人告诉我到哪儿去找你。我纯粹是凭直觉找到你的。Intuition told me you were an honest man. 直觉告诉我你是个诚实的人。n.  2) C   （一种）直觉I had a sudden intuition about the missing jewels. 我凭直觉突然知道失

32、踪的珠宝的去向。I had an intuition that we would win at last. 我有一种直觉，那就是我们最终会成功。calligraphyn.  U (the art of producing) beautiful handwriting   书法；书法艺术I'm considering studying calligraphy or Chinese painting. 我正在考虑要学书法还是国画。The graphic arts include calligraphy and lithography. 平面造型艺术包

33、括书法和平版印刷术。calligraphvt.  to produce by means of calligraphy   用美术体书写serifn.  U a short line at the top or bottom of some styles of printed letters   衬线，截线sanserifn.  U   无衬线字体typefacen.  C   （印刷用的）字体typographyn. 

34、60;U   印刷术，排版，版面设计historicala.  1) connected with the past  （有关）历史的Are there any historical sites in this area? 这个地区有什么历史遗迹吗？The book is based on historical events. 这本书是以历史事件为基础的。a.  2) based on the study of history   有关历史研究的，历史学的We have no historical evi

35、dence for it. 我们缺乏可以证明这一点的史学依据。 It's a historical fact. 这是历史事实。artisticallyad.  in an artistic manner   艺术性地；在艺术上She is artistically aware. 她艺术感很强。The room is luxuriously and artistically furnished. 这个房间装饰得十分豪华雅致。fascinating a. extremely interesting and attractive &

36、#160; 极有吸引力的，迷人的The results of the survey made fascinating reading. 调查结果读起来令人饶有兴趣。proportionallyad.  corresponding in size or amount   成比例地，相应地Crime rate is proportionally much higher in the north of the country. 就比例而言，犯罪率在这个国家的北部要高得多。Families with children spend proportiona

37、lly less per person than families without children. 有孩子的家庭人均开销比没有孩子的家庭相对要少。fontn.  C   字型，字体；铅字gutn.  C, usu. pl.   内心，直觉，本能destinyn.  1) U the power believed to control events   命运Destiny drew us together. 命运把我们连在了一起。n.  2) C wha

38、t happens to sb./sth. (thought to be decided beforehand by fate)   天数，天命It was his destiny to die in a foreign country. 他注定要客死异国。karman.  U   因缘，因果报应Phrases and Expressions be honored (to do sth.) =to feel proud and happy  （做某事）感到荣幸I was honored to have been m

39、entioned in his speech. 他在讲话中提到了我，真是荣幸。I'm honored to meet you. 很荣幸见到您。put (sb./sth.) up for 提供；推荐，提名We decide to put up the family jewels for auction. 我们决定把家中的珠宝拿去拍卖。Harrison put up for the secretaryship. 哈里森自荐秘书一职。work out1) to develop in a successful way   成功地发展My first job didn'

40、;t wok out. 我的第一份工作干得不好。The new strategy may not work out well. 新战略也许不会产生令人满意的效果。 2) to train the body by physical exercise   锻炼身体I work out regularly to keep fit. 我经常做运动以保持健康。stumble into sth. to become involved in sth. by chance   无意间涉足某事The urge to wider voyages caused me

41、n to stumble into New America. 扩大航行范围的紧迫要求使人类意外地发现了新美洲。have a hope of 有的希望make all the difference to have an important effect on sb./sth.; to make sb. feel better   有很大影响，使大不相同A few kind words at the right time make all the difference. 在适当的时候说几句体贴话能产生很大的影响.Proper Nouns Steve Jobs 史蒂夫&

42、#183;乔布斯 Stanford University 斯坦福大学Pixar Animation Studios 皮克斯动画工作室Reed College里德学院Hare Krishna国际克利须那觉悟会  Macintosh麦金托什电脑（苹果电脑中某系列个人电脑）3. Questions on the text1. What did Steve Jobs do after he dropped out of Reed College? He stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months o

43、r so before he really quit.2. What can we learn from Steve Jobs' narration about his biological mother?  His biological mother was a young college graduate student when she gave birth to Steve Jobs as a single woman. She put up Steve Jobs for adoption, and felt strongly that her son should

44、be adopted by college graduates and sent to college in the future.3. What kind of people were Steve Jobs' adoptive parents? His parents were a working-class couple without a college degree. His mother never graduated from college and his father never graduated from high school. However, the

45、y did send their adopted son to college as they had promised, and this cost them nearly all their savings.4. Why did Steve Jobs drop out of Reed College? Because he had no idea what he wanted to do with his life and no idea how college was going to help him figure it out. Besides, the college was so

46、 expensive that all of his parents' savings were being spent on his tuition. 5. What did Steve Jobs think about his decision of dropping out? Why?  He thought it was one of the best decisions he had ever made as he looked back on his past. After he dropped out, he didn't have to take th

47、e required classes and he had the opportunity to take classes that interested him. Much of what he learned in this way proved priceless later on.6. Why did Steve Jobs say his life as a drop-in in the college was not all romantic? Because he was living a shabby life during the 18 months: he didn

48、't have a dorm room, so he slept on the floor in friends' rooms; he returned coke bottles for the five-cent deposits to buy food with; he would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.7. What did Steve Jobs learn in the calligrap

49、hy class?  He learned about serif and sanserif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. 8. What do you think the graduating students can learn from Steve Jobs' life experience? They might learn to trust in s

50、omethingtheir gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. They might also learn to have the confidence to follow their heart even when off the beaten path.4. Working with words and phrasesA. Put the following Chinese expressions into English.生母  biological mother 收养某人  adopt somebody 签署最终的领养文件 si

51、gn the final adoption papers 无意间进入演艺界  stumble into acting 凭好奇心及直觉  follow one's curiosity and intuition 实际用途  practical applicationB. Complete the following sentences with appropriate words in the text.1. At first she threatened to dismiss us all, but later she r(elented). 2. If

52、you can't have children of your own, why not consider a(doption)? 3. She sensed something wrong by i(ntuition). 4. She went to Cambridge on a scholarship but d(ropped) out a year later. 5. I fail to see what women find so f(ascinating) about him.6. Practice: interpretingAfter the speech, a repor

53、ter interviewed Steve Jobs. The following is the conversation between the reporter and Steve Jobs. Interpret it into English with your partner.记者：您好，乔布斯先生。我可以就您的演讲进行采访吗？  Reporter: Hello, Mr. Jobs. Can I have an interview with you about your speech?乔布斯：好的。 Jobs: Sure.记者：您能够再谈一下您的身世吗？  Repo

54、rter: Can you tell your story to us again?乔布斯：就像我刚才说的，我的生母是一个年轻未婚的研究生，所以她决定让别人收养我。我的养父母都不是大学毕业生，但他们答应会供我上大学，所以我的母亲才最终同意让他们收养我。  Jobs: Just as what I said, my biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate and she decided to put me up for adoption. However, neither of my parents who adopt

55、ed me went to college. My biological mother agreed at last after they promised that someday I would go to college.记者：不过您父母确实做到了他们所承诺的，送您上了大学。  Reporter: Your parents did do what they had promised. They sent you to college.乔布斯：是的，17年后，我考进了里德学院。  Jobs: Yes, I went to Reed College 17 years la

56、ter.记者：但是您并未读完大学，能给我们讲一下您当时为什么要辍学吗？  Reporter: But you didn't graduate from college. Can you tell us why you dropped out?乔布斯：好的，我在里德学院读了半年后就辍学了。一方面是因为学费太贵，我父母一生的积蓄都花在了我的学费上；另一方面，我看不出读大学的价值所在。所以我就辍学了。 Jobs: OK. I dropped out six months after I started my studies in Reed College. On the one h

57、and, the tuition was so expensive that all my parents' savings were being spent on my tuition. On the other hand, I could not see the value of attending college. So I dropped out.记者：那您怎么看当时这一决定的？  Reporter: What do you think of your decision of dropping out?乔布斯：就像我刚才演讲中所提到的，这或许是我所做的最棒的决定之一。

58、我辍学之后参加了书法班，学到了衬线和无衬线字体，10年后这些在设计Mac时都用上了，不然，很有可能现在的个人电脑就没有这种美妙的版面设计了。  Jobs: Just as I mentioned in my speech, that was probably one of the best decisions I ever made. Since I had dropped out of Reed College, I took a calligraphy class and learned about serif and sanserif typefaces which were

59、designed into the Mac 10 years later. Otherwise, personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do.记者：您的故事让我们学到了很多东西。谢谢您接受我的采访。  Reporter: We learn a lot from your story. Thanks for granting my interview.7. Practice: translationA. Put the following sentences in the text in

60、to Chinese. Pay special attention to the italicized expressions.1. I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit.  我在里德学院读了6个月就退学了，但是作为旁听生又在那里待了18个月左右，然后才真正离开学校。2. My biological mother was a young, un

61、wed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption.  我的生母是个年轻未婚的研究生，因此她决定把我送给别人收养。3. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. 这在当时看来非常可怕，但现在回头看看，那是我做过的最棒的决定之一。4. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. 我依照好奇心和直觉做事，大多事后证明是非常值得的。5. None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. 这一切在我的生活中是否实用，我不抱希望。B. Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese giv