大学综合英语3 Unit2

1、Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesbreeze: n. a gentle wind A gentle breeze blew over the garden. 凉爽清新的微风凉爽清新的微风a cool, refreshing breeze All of the following words are related to wind. Can you match them with their definitions?NB:

2、Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroeshurricanea strong, abrupt rush of wind a very strong wind a severe tropical cyclone, usu. involving heavy rainsa rotating column of air gustgale tornadoSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed R

3、eadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes1. (of people) slim; not very wide but comparatively long or highslender fingers slender: adj. 2. (of things) slight; inadequate 有苗条身材的女子有苗条身材的女子 a woman with a slender figure a slender waist 渺茫的希望渺茫的希望slender hopes a slender income Supplem

4、entary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesslender, thin & slim这几个词都有细小、瘦弱之意。这几个词都有细小、瘦弱之意。slender 主要表示苗条之瘦，往往含有瘦得好看或匀称主要表示苗条之瘦，往往含有瘦得好看或匀称 的意思。例如：的意思。例如：CF:Film actress Zhang Ziyi is a slender woman. 电影演员章子怡身材苗条。电影演员章子怡身材苗条。When the wind blows,

5、the slender tree bends but never breaks. 起风时，细长的树常被吹弯但决不会被吹断。起风时，细长的树常被吹弯但决不会被吹断。 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesthin 表示人或物的直径与长度的比例较小。例如：表示人或物的直径与长度的比例较小。例如： CF:People usually get thinner after an illness. 生病后，人们通常变得瘦一些。生病后，人们

6、通常变得瘦一些。This metal may be thin but is of great strength. 这种金属虽然很薄，但强度却很高。这种金属虽然很薄，但强度却很高。slim 用于指人与动物时，其含义与用于指人与动物时，其含义与 slender 相同，但相同，但 在引申意义上却侧重于贫乏和不足状态。例如：在引申意义上却侧重于贫乏和不足状态。例如：As a slim boy, he has now filled out. 他原是一个清瘦的男孩，现在胖多了。他原是一个清瘦的男孩，现在胖多了。To tell you the truth, your chances to pass the

7、exam are too slim. 实话告诉你，你考试过关的希望实在是太小了。实话告诉你，你考试过关的希望实在是太小了。 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesrelating to a persons race, or to different races of peopleThere is a serious racial conflict in that African country. racial: adj. 他是

8、种族歧视的牺牲者。他是种族歧视的牺牲者。He was a victim of racial discrimination. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesstand up for: speak, work, etc. in favor of sb./sth.; support sb./sthDont be afraid to stand up for your rights. 我所有的朋友都会支持我。我所有的朋友都会支

9、持我。 All my friends will stand up for me. A soldier must stand up to the danger. 士兵必须敢于面对危险。士兵必须敢于面对危险。stand up to: to oppose fearlessly; to bear, to last你的论点根本经不起仔细检查。你的论点根本经不起仔细检查。Your argument just wont stand up to close scrutiny. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBef

10、ore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesa rule or standard, especially of good behaviorI usually follow the principle that it is better not to get involved in other peoples quarrels.principle: n.She was a woman of principle.我们恪守人人都应受到公平对待的原则。我们恪守人人都应受到公平对待的原则。We adhere to the principle that everyone sh

11、ould be treated fairly. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesCollocation：违反原则违反原则against ones principle 作为原则性问题作为原则性问题 as a matter of principle 按照原则，根据原则按照原则，根据原则 by principle 有原则的有原则的 of principle 坚持原则坚持原则 adhere to ones principles

12、抛弃原则抛弃原则 abandon ones principles Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroeshistoric: adj. famous or important in history a historic spot两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见a historic meeting between the two leaders historic & historical这两个词都是形容

13、词，都有这两个词都是形容词，都有“历史上的历史上的”之意。之意。historic 泛指历史上有名的或富有历史意义的。例如：泛指历史上有名的或富有历史意义的。例如：CF:This change in government is a historic event of our times. 这项政府变革是当代具有历史意义的大事。这项政府变革是当代具有历史意义的大事。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesThe signing of

14、 The Declaration of Independence was a historic occasion. 独立宣言独立宣言的签署是具有历史意义的事件。的签署是具有历史意义的事件。historical 主要意思是属于历史的，历史上的，与历史主要意思是属于历史的，历史上的，与历史 有关的，真实的而不是传说中的。例如：有关的，真实的而不是传说中的。例如：CF:He gave all his historical papers to the library. 他把他所有的历史资料都赠送给这个图书馆。他把他所有的历史资料都赠送给这个图书馆。There is a historical socie

15、ty in our university. 我们大学有一个历史研究所。我们大学有一个历史研究所。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroessite: n. place where a building, town, etc. was, is, or will be situated The site for the new factory has not been decided. 一所新的学校占据了工厂的旧址。一所新的学校占据了

16、工厂的旧址。A new school occupies the site of the old factory. Collocation：历史古迹历史古迹 a historic site 建筑工地建筑工地 construction sites 战场的遗址战场的遗址 a battlefield site Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesmission: n. particular task or duty undertak

17、en by an individual or a group代表团成功地完成了使命。代表团成功地完成了使命。The delegation completed its mission successfully. Mission accomplished. 任务已完成。任务已完成。 炸毁那座桥梁的任务未能完成。炸毁那座桥梁的任务未能完成。The mission to blow up the bridge failed. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil

18、-Rights HeroesCollocation：执行任务执行任务 carry out / perform a mission 完成使命完成使命 fulfill a mission 取消一项任务取消一项任务cancel a mission Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesweb: n. network of fine threads spun by a spider or some other spinning cre

19、ature; complex series or networkThe spider is spinning a web. 铁路网铁路网a web of railroads 电话线网络电话线网络a web of telephone wires Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesliberate: vt. set free解除心中偏见解除心中偏见liberate the mind from prejudice 把一个国家从军

20、事控制中解放出来把一个国家从军事控制中解放出来liberate a country from a military control liberate people from povertyliberate sb. from economic worry Pattern: liberate sb. from sth. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesforge: v. 1. create by means of much

21、hard work他们和法国共产党建立了联系。他们和法国共产党建立了联系。They forged links with the French Communist Party. Their friendship was forged by shared adversity.2. make a forgery or counterfeit 伪造签名伪造签名forge a signature He got the money dishonestly, by forging his brothers signature on a check.Supplementary ReadingAfter Rea

22、dingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesauthorize: vt. give approval or permission for (sth.); give authority toI have authorized him to act for me during my absence. 主任允许我们在实验室工作。主任允许我们在实验室工作。The director authorized us to work in the laboratory. Supplementary Readi

23、ngAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesexploit:1. n. brave or adventurous deed or action歌颂某人的功绩歌颂某人的功绩sing sb.s exploits Their heroic exploits will go down in history.他的战功使我感到惊异。他的战功使我感到惊异。His military exploits amazed me. Supplementary ReadingAfter Readi

24、ngDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes2. vt. employ to the greatest possible advantage 充分发挥某人的才能充分发挥某人的才能exploit ones talents 利用自己的朋友利用自己的朋友 exploit ones friends 这家公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。这家公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.

25、Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesHe was intent on the job he was doing. be intent on doing sth.: be eager and determined to do sth. 他决心去法国继续深造。他决心去法国继续深造。He is intent on going to France to continue his studies. Supplementary Read

26、ingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroespeer: vi. She peered at him closely, as if not believing it could really be him.look closely or carefully, esp. as if unable to see well (followed by at/through/into, etc.)She peered through the mist, trying to fin

27、d the right path.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroespeer, gaze & stare这三个词都是动词，都有注视、凝视之意。这三个词都是动词，都有注视、凝视之意。peer 通常指半闭着眼睛看，并伴随着向前移动，含有通常指半闭着眼睛看，并伴随着向前移动，含有 好奇地看或难以看清的意味。例如：好奇地看或难以看清的意味。例如：CF:The old man peered at her over his spect

28、acles. 老头儿从他的眼镜上方盯着她。老头儿从他的眼镜上方盯着她。Short-sighted people often peer at others when they are wearing no glasses. 近视眼的人不戴眼镜时常常眯着眼看人。近视眼的人不戴眼镜时常常眯着眼看人。The sleepy father got up and peered through a crack in the door to see who knocked at the door. 还未睡醒的父亲起了床，透过门缝眯着眼看是谁在敲门。还未睡醒的父亲起了床，透过门缝眯着眼看是谁在敲门。Supplem

29、entary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesgaze 指持久不停地看，通常有惊奇、羡慕、感叹等含指持久不停地看，通常有惊奇、羡慕、感叹等含 义。例如：义。例如： CF:All of us gazed at the beautiful view in the distance. 我们都凝视着远方美丽的景色。我们都凝视着远方美丽的景色。For two hours Tom sat gazing out of the window. 两个小时过去了，汤姆

30、一直坐着凝视着窗外。两个小时过去了，汤姆一直坐着凝视着窗外。stare 指出于好奇、惊讶、茫然或赞叹等原因而瞪大眼指出于好奇、惊讶、茫然或赞叹等原因而瞪大眼 睛长时间、直接地注视。例如：睛长时间、直接地注视。例如：The woman stared at the stranger in astonishment. 那个女人吃惊地盯着陌生人。那个女人吃惊地盯着陌生人。It is very impolite to stare at other people. 死死盯着他人是极不礼貌的。死死盯着他人是极不礼貌的。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed Re

31、adingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroeson the side:He is a teacher, but he makes a little money on the side by repairing cars in his free time.as an additional job or source of income; secretly 他虽有妻室，但暗地里还有一个女朋友。他虽有妻室，但暗地里还有一个女朋友。Hes married but he has a girlfriend on the side.Su

32、pplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroescapture:He was released yesterday, six months after his capture by the terrorists.1. n. the act of taking by force or of being taken by force2. v. take (a person or animal) as a prisoner She was cap

33、tured trying to escape from the country. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesclose in (on/around):The people were trapped when the enemy army began to close in on them. come near to, esp. in order to attack from several directions;

34、surroundNight is closing in. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesreligious: adj. of religiona religious service 宗教仪式宗教仪式 宗教问题宗教问题a religious question Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit

35、 2 Civil-Rights Heroesconviction: n. She expressed her firm conviction that television was harmful to children.她坚信她是对的。她坚信她是对的。She had a firm conviction that she was right. firm opinion or belief Collocation：终身的信仰终身的信仰 a lifelong conviction 政治信念政治信念 political conviction 增强增强/ /加深某人的信念加深某人的信念strength

36、en/deepen ones conviction that Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesimpose: vt. 1. place (a penalty, tax, etc.) officially on sb./sth.New duties were imposed on wines and spirits. 征收进口税征收进口税impose a tax on imports 2. try to make sb.

37、accept (an opinion or a belief) She imposed her ideas on the group. I must perform the task that has been imposed on me.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroestransport: vt. take sth./sb. from one place to another in a vehicleIt took a

38、ll day to transport the furniture to the new apartment. The goods were transported by train. 公共汽车把我们从机场送到城市。公共汽车把我们从机场送到城市。A bus transported us from the airport to the city. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesdisguise: vt. give sb.

39、/sth. a false appearance He disguised himself as a woman. The soldiers disguised themselves by wearing white garments in the snow. 这一事实是无法隐瞒的。这一事实是无法隐瞒的。It is impossible to disguise the fact. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesabol

40、ish: vt. end the existence of (a law, custom, system, etc.)The death penalty is to be abolished before the end of this year.废除奴隶制废除奴隶制abolish slavery 坏的风俗应当废除。坏的风俗应当废除。Bad customs should be abolished. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights H

41、eroescompel: vt. make (sb.) do sth.; forceDuty compelled the soldiers to volunteer for the mission. 大雨迫使我们呆在屋内。大雨迫使我们呆在屋内。The heavy rain compelled us to stay indoors. Collocation：强迫某人做某事强迫某人做某事compel sb. to do sth.不得不（做）不得不（做）be compelled to (do)Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlob

42、al ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesat risk: threatened by the possibility of loss, failure, etc.; in dangerThe disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk.Collocation：无论冒什么危险；无论如何无论冒什么危险；无论如何at all risks (=at any risk)冒冒之险；不顾之险；不顾之风险之风险at the risk of Supplementary Re

43、adingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesstarve: v. (cause a person or an animal to) suffer severely or die from hungerstarve to death Whats for dinner? Im starving! 晚饭吃什么晚饭吃什么? ? 我饿死了我饿死了! ! starve for news 渴望消息渴望消息Shes lonely, and starving for compani

44、onship. 她很寂寞，渴望友谊。她很寂寞，渴望友谊。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroespass for: appear like; be accepted or looked upon as (same as pass as)He can pass for a Frenchman. I cant imagine how this place passes for a five-star hotel.他被认为是个医生。他

45、被认为是个医生。He passes for a doctor. 他被误认为是个有学问的人。他被误认为是个有学问的人。He passes for a learned man. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesUseful Expressions 1. 微风微风 a gentle breeze 2. 支持支持 stand up for3. 有原则的人有原则的人 a man of principle 4. 历史遗迹历史遗迹 a

46、 historic site5. 解放奴隶解放奴隶 liberate slaves 6. 决定要做某事决定要做某事 be intent on doing sth. 7. 轻轻的敲门声轻轻的敲门声 a soft knock Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesiron molding spread the news religious convictions find refuge next leg of the journe

47、y principal routesface risks 8. 铸铁铸铁 9. 传播消息传播消息10. 宗教信仰宗教信仰 11. 寻得庇护寻得庇护12. 下一段行程下一段行程 13. 主要路线主要路线 14. 面临危险面临危险 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes15. 课以罚金课以罚金 impose a fine 16. 记录记录 keep a log of 17. 路标路标 road signs 18. 出殡队伍出殡队伍

48、 a funeral procession 19. 未开垦的土地未开垦的土地 a virgin land20. 在（某人）看来在（某人）看来 in the eyes of (sb.)Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesProverbs and Quotations1. Give me liberty, or give me death.不自由，毋宁死。不自由，毋宁死。2. A new breeze is blowing an

49、d a nation refreshed by freedom stands ready to push on: there is new ground to be broken, and new action to be taken. George Bush, American president一阵新风正在吹来一阵新风正在吹来为自由激励的民族随时准备为自由激励的民族随时准备前进：开拓新的道路，采取新的行动。前进：开拓新的道路，采取新的行动。美国总统美国总统 G. 布什布什Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal Rea

50、dingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes3. A man is either free or he is not. There cannot be any apprenticeship for freedom. I. A. Baraka, French writer人要么是自由的，要么是不自由的，从来就不存在人要么是自由的，要么是不自由的，从来就不存在过渡阶段。过渡阶段。法国作家法国作家 I. A. 巴拉卡巴拉卡 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBef

51、ore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes4. Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Patrick Henry, American revolutionary难道生命如此宝贵，和平如此甜美，以至于不惜以难道生命如此宝贵，和平如此甜美，以至于不惜以枷锁和奴役为代价来换取吗？枷锁和奴役为代价来换取吗？美国革命家美国革命家 P. 亨利亨利Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed R

52、eadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes5. Liberty, when it begins to take root, is a plant of rapid growth. George Washington, Father of the United States自由一旦生根，便是棵迅猛生长的植物。自由一旦生根，便是棵迅猛生长的植物。美国国父美国国父 G. 华盛顿华盛顿Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore

53、ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesdetain: vt. force (sb.) officially to stay in a placeSeveral of the injured were detained overnight in hospital.Two suspects have been detained by the police for questioning.警方已经对两个嫌疑犯进行拘留审问。警方已经对两个嫌疑犯进行拘留审问。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal Re

54、adingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroeslead to: cause (sth.) to happen or cause (sb.) to do sth.Reducing speed limits should lead to fewer deaths on the roads.the events that led to the start of the First World War导致第一次世界大战爆发的事件导致第一次世界大战爆发的事件Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGl

55、obal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroeslegal: adj. allowed or done according to the law; connected with the lawyour legal rightsWhat the company has done is perfectly legal.公司所做的事情完全合法。公司所做的事情完全合法。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil

56、-Rights Heroesusher in: cause (sth. new) to startThe discovery of oil ushered in an era of employment and prosperity.石油的发现开创了一个高就业和繁荣的时代。石油的发现开创了一个高就业和繁荣的时代。Yesterdays match between the Huston Rockets and Los Angeles Lakers ushered in the start of the new NBA season.Supplementary ReadingAfter Readin

57、gDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesactivist: n. sb. who works to achieve social or political change environmental activists环境保护主义者环境保护主义者The firm has been targeted by animal rights activists.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore Re

58、adingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesadvancement: n. progress or development in ones job or in ones social position她只对自己事业的发展感兴趣。她只对自己事业的发展感兴趣。All she was interested in was the advancement of her own career.advancements in scienceSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore Readi

59、ngUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesrepresentation: n. sth. that represents 画里的钟象征着时间的流逝。画里的钟象征着时间的流逝。The clock in the painting is a symbolic representation of the passage of time.Children get no representation in most countries.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingU

60、nit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesarrest: vt. seize with the authority of the lawThe police arrested her for drinking and driving.He was arrested and charged with murder.他被逮捕并被指控谋杀。他被逮捕并被指控谋杀。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroespush (sb.) ab