综合教程第六册(第2版)Unit 7 I27d rather being black than female（课堂PPT）

1、新世纪高等院校英语专业本科系列教材（修订版）综合教程第六册(第2版) 电子教案上海外语教育出版社南京信息工程大学 刘杰海综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Contents Learning Objectives Pre-reading Activities Global Reading Detailed Reading Consolidation Activities Further Enhancement综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Learning Objectives Rhetorical skill: comparison, rhetorical questions and paralleli

2、sm Key language & grammar points Writing strategies: authors experiences Theme: sexism and racism综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Can you define racial discrimination and sexual discrimination in your own words?Picture Activation | Pre-questions综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Sexism is discrimination based on the gender of a person

3、 - looking down on people because they are male or female.Racism is the belief that a particular race is better or worse than another, and that a person is born with their social and moral traits, which are related to their race. Picture Activation | Pre-questions综合教程6(第2版)电子教案1.“Sitting in the same

4、 classroom, reading the same textbook, listening to the same teacher, boys and girls receive very different educations.” (Sadker, D., Sadker, M. 1994. Failing at Fairness: How Our Schools Cheat Girls. Toronto: Simon & Schuster Inc.) Boys are encouraged to be active and bold, while girls are prai

5、sed for being quiet and attentive. Did your teachers in your primary school or high school treat and educate students differently based on sex? Do you think there exists gender bias in our classrooms?Picture Activation | Pre-questionsOpen for discussion.综合教程6(第2版)电子教案2. Throughout history, though wo

6、men have been constantly made aware that they are inferior to men, there are still a lot of women who have made significant contributions to society or obtained great achievements in various areas. Is there any great female that you know well or admire? If your answer is “yes,” tell her story and th

7、e reasons for which you admire her. Picture Activation | Pre-questionsOpen for discussion.综合教程6(第2版)电子教案 In “Id Rather Be Black Than Female” (1970), the author Shirley Chisholm, a black woman, identifies and analyses the sexual discrimination in 1970s American politics and, after investigating her o

8、wn bitter experiences before and after she became the countrys first black congresswoman, draws the surprising conclusion that prejudice based on sex is even more serious than racial prejudice. It is surprising because American society as a whole now acknowledges the racial inequality but both men a

9、nd women are simply blind to the unfair treatment of women in the game of politics. Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案She expresses her conviction that women have their own special contribution to make to the country and that their more active participation in polit

10、ics would improve the country.Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案sit-ins (Paragraph 3) The first sit-in took place on February 1, 1960. Four freshmen at the North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College walked into an F.W. Woolworth Company store in Greensboro, N

11、orth Carolina, purchased some school supplies, then went to the lunch counter and asked to be served. They knew they probably would not be. They were black, and this lunch counter was segregated. When they were forced to leave as the store closed, they still had not been served.Text Introduction | C

12、ulture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案 The next day a larger group of students returned, the media reported the event, and civil rights organizations began to spread the word to other college campuses. The basic plan of the sit-ins was that a group of black students would go to a lunch coun

13、ter and ask to be served. If they were, theyd move on to the next lunch counter. If they were not, they would not move until they had been. If they were arrested, a new group would take their place. The students always remained nonviolent and respectful. Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author |

14、Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Another part of the sit-ins was that the students would be dressed up in their best Sunday clothing.By August 1961, they had attracted over 70,000 participants and generated over 3,000 arrests. They continued in some areas of the South until and even after the passage of the C

15、ivil Rights Act of 1964 declared segregation at lunch counters unlawful. The sit-ins showed that nonviolent direct action and youth could be very useful weapons in the war against segregation.Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案boycotts (Paragraph 3) The Montgomery Bu

16、s Boycott officially started on December 1, 1955. That was the day when the blacks of Montgomery, Alabama, decided that they would boycott the city buses until they could sit anywhere they wanted, instead of being relegated to the back when a white boarded. The boycotts lasted for about a year. On J

17、anuary 10 and 11, 1957, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) was founded, of which Martin Luther King, Jr., was elected president. Till then, the Montgomery Bus Boycott was ultimately successful. Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案freedom rides (Paragr

18、aph 3) In 1947, the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) planned a “Journey of Reconciliation,” designed to test the Supreme Courts 1946 decision which declared segregated seating of interstate passengers unconstitutional. An interracial group of passengers met with heavy resistance in the upper South

19、. The Journey of Reconciliation quickly broke down. Clearly the South was not ready for integration.Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Nearly a decade and a half later, John F. Kennedy was elected president. To test the presidents commitment to civil rights, the CORE

20、 proposed a new Journey of Reconciliation, called the “Freedom Ride.” The strategy was the same: an interracial group would board buses destined for the South. The whites would sit in the back and the blacks in the front. At rest stops, the whites would go into blacks-only areas and vice versa. Text

21、 Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案The Freedom Ride left Washington, D.C. on May 4, 1961. It was scheduled to arrive in New Orleans on May 17. Unlike the original Journey of Reconciliation, the Freedom Ride met with little resistance in the upper South. However, on May 1

22、4, the Freedom Riders split up into two groups to travel through Alabama. The first group was met by a mob of about 200 angry people in Anniston. The other group did not fare any better. It was greeted by a mob in Birmingham, and the Riders were severely beaten. Text Introduction | Culture Notes | A

23、uthor | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案The Freedom Riders never made it to New Orleans. Many spent their summer in jail. Some were scarred for life from the beatings they received. But their efforts were not in vain. They forced the Kennedy administration to take a stand on civil rights, which was the inten

24、t of the Freedom Ride in the first place. In addition, the Interstate Commerce Commission outlawed segregation in interstate bus travel in a ruling. The Freedom Riders may not have finished their trip, but they made an important and lasting contribution to the Civil Rights Movement.Text Introduction

25、 | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案separate-but-equal (Paragraph 6) (“Separate But Equal” Plessy v. Ferguson Decision) On June 7, 1892, a 30-year-old colored shoemaker named Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in the “White” car of the East Louisiana Railroad. Plessy was only one-eig

26、hth black and seven-eighths white, but under Louisiana law, he was considered black and therefore required to sit in the “Colored” car. Plessy went to court and argued, in Homer Adolph Plessy v. The State of Louisiana, that the Separate Car Act violated the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to th

27、e Constitution. Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案The judge at the trial was John Howard Ferguson, a lawyer from Massachusetts who had previously declared the Separate Car Act “unconstitutional on trains that traveled through several states.” In Plessys case, howeve

28、r, he decided that the state could choose to regulate railroad companies that operated only within Louisiana. He found Plessy guilty of refusing to leave the “White” car. Plessy appealed to the Supreme Court of Louisiana, which upheld Fergusons decision. In 1896, the Supreme Court of the United Stat

29、es heard Plessys case and found him guilty once again.Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案The Plessy decision set the precedent that “separate” facilities for blacks and whites were constitutional as long as they were “equal.” The “separate but equal” doctrine was qui

30、ckly extended to cover many areas of public life, such as restaurants, theaters, restrooms, and public schools. Not until 1954, in the equally important Brown v. Board of Education decision, would the “separate but equal” doctrine be struck down.Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure

31、综合教程6(第2版)电子教案civil-rights (Paragraph 9) The Civil Rights Movement was at a peak from 19551965. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, guaranteeing basic civil rights for all Americans, regardless of race, after nearly a decade of nonviolent protests and marc

32、hes, ranging from the 19551956 Montgomery bus boycott to the student-led sit-ins of the 1960s to the Freedom Rides in 1961.Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案PTAs (Paragraph 9) The PTA (Parent-Teacher Association) is the largest volunteer child advocacy organization

33、in the United States. It is a not-for-profit association of parents, educators, students, and other citizens active in their schools and communities. The PTA has 6 million members working in 26,000 PTAs in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Struct

34、ure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案James Farmer (Paragraph 9) Born in Marshall, Texas, James Farmer (19201999) was an educator, administrator, and one of the founders of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE).Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Shirley Chisholm (19242005) the first Afr

35、ican-American woman elected to the U.S. Congress, was a passionate and effective advocate of equal rights for minorities, women and children who changed the nations perception about the capabilities of women and African-Americans. Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure综合教程6(第2版)电子教案T

36、ext Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | StructurePart 1(Para 1) the point of argument: being black is much less of a drawback than being femalePart 2(Para 2-13) the discussion of the two drawbacksPart 3(Para 14-17) the authors determination and attitude towards discrimination against women综合教程6(

37、第2版)电子教案ID RATHER BE BLACK THAN FEMALE Shirley Chisholm1.Being the first black woman elected to Congress has made me some kind of phenomenon. There are nine other blacks in Congress; there are ten other women. I was the first to overcome both handicaps at once. Of the two handicaps, being black is m

38、uch less of a drawback than being female.Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案2.If I said that being black is a greater handicap than being a woman, probably no one would question me. Why? Because “we all know” there is prejudice against black people in America. That there is prejudice against women is an

39、idea that still strikes nearly all men and, I am afraid, most women as bizarre.Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案3.Prejudice against blacks was invisible to most white Americans for many years. When blacks finally started to “mention” it, with sit-ins, boycotts, and freedom rides, Americans were incredu

40、lous. “Who, us?” they asked in injured tones. “Were prejudiced?” It was the start of a long, painful reeducation for white America. It will take years for whites including those who think of themselves as liberals to discover and eliminate the racist attitudes they all actually have. Detailed Readin

41、g综合教程6(第2版)电子教案4.How much harder will it be to eliminate the prejudice against women? I am sure it will be a longer struggle. Part of the problem is that women in America are much more brainwashed and content with their roles as second-class citizens than blacks ever were. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)

42、电子教案5.Let me explain. I have been active in politics for more than twenty years. For all but the last six, I have done the work all the tedious details that make the difference between victory and defeat on election day while men reaped the rewards, which is almost invariably the lot of women in pol

43、itics. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案6.It is still women about three million volunteers who do most of this work in the American political world. The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman, a kind of separate-but-equal position with which a woman is rewa

44、rded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. In such a job, she gets a number of free trips to state and sometimes national meetings and conventions, where her role is supposed to be to vote the way her male chairman votes. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案7.When I tried to b

45、reak out of that role in 1963 and run for the New York State Assembly seat from Brooklyns Bedford Stuyvesant, the resistance was bitter. From the start of that campaign, I faced undisguised hostility because of my sex. 8.But it was four years later, when I ran for Congress, that the question of my s

46、ex became a major issue. Among members of my own party, closed meetings were held to discuss ways of stopping me. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案9.My opponent, the famous civil-rights leader James Farmer tried to project a black, masculine image; he toured the neighborhood with sound trucks filled wi

47、th young men wearing Afro haircuts, dashikis, and beards. While the television crews ignored me, they were not aware of a very important statistic, which both I and my campaign manager, Wesley MacD. Holder, knew. In my district there are 2.5 women for every man registered to vote. And those are orga

48、nized in PTAs, church societies, card clubs, and other social and service groups. I went to them and asked their help. Mr. Farmer still doesnt quite know what hit him. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案10. When a bright young woman graduate starts looking for a job, why is the first question always: “Ca

49、n you type?” A history of prejudice lies behind that question. Why are women thought of as secretaries, not administrators? Librarians and teachers, but not doctors and lawyers? Because they are thought of as different and inferior. The happy homemaker and the contented darky are both stereotypes pr

50、oduced by prejudice. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案11.Women have not even reached the level of tokenism that blacks are reaching. No women sit on the Supreme Court. Only two have held Cabinet rank, and none do at present. Only two women hold ambassadorial rank. But women predominate in the lower-pay

51、ing, menial, unrewarding, dead-end jobs, and when they do reach better positions, they are invariably paid less than a man gets for the same job. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案12.If that is not prejudice, what would you call it?13.A few years ago, I was talking with a political leader about a promis

52、ing young woman as a candidate. “Why invest time and effort to build the girl up?” he asked me. “You know shell only drop out of the game to have a couple of kids just about the time were ready to run her for mayor.” Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案14.Plenty of people have said similar things about me

53、. Plenty of others have advised me, every time I tried to take another upward step, that I should go back to teaching, a womans vocation, and leave politics to the men. I love teaching, and I am ready to go back to it as soon as I am convinced that this country no longer needs a womans contribution.

54、 Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案15.When there are no children going to bed hungry in this rich nation, I may be ready to go back to teaching. When there is a good school for every child, I may be ready. When we do not spend our wealth on hardware to murder people, when we no longer tolerate prejudice

55、 against minorities, and when the laws against unfair housing and unfair employment practices are enforced instead of evaded, then there may be nothing more for me to do in politics. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案16.But until that happens and we all know it will not be this year or next what we need

56、 is more women in politics. Because we have a very special contribution to make. I hope that the example of my success will convince other women to get into politics and not just to stuff envelopes, but to run for office. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案17.It is women who can bring empathy, tolerance,

57、 insight, patience, and persistence to government the qualities we naturally have or have had to develop because of our suppression by men. The women of a nation mold its morals, its religion, and its politics by the lives they live. At present, our country needs womens idealism and determination, p

58、erhaps more in politics than anywhere else. Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Paragraph 1 AnalysisThis paragraph introduces the topic and theme of the passage, i.e. the widespread and yet seemingly unnoticed sexual discrimination against women, which is even more serious than racial discrimination again

59、st blacks. “. being black is much less of a drawback than being female.”Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Paragraphs 2-4 AnalysisIn these three paragraphs the author first mentions the “invisible” and deep-rooted prejudice against blacks in America, and then, in the fourth paragraph, she points out that

60、 it will be harder to eliminate the prejudice against women, who have accepted their inferior status themselves.Detailed Reading综合教程6(第2版)电子教案Paragraphs 5-6 AnalysisThese two paragraphs start to “explain” the authors point expressed in the preceding part by describing what inferior work she herself has done