雅思阅读最权威技巧（课堂PPT）

1、1welcometoIELTS Reading EMMA2Makes PerfectPractice3雅思阅读雅思阅读简介简介：1，1个小时（包括填答题纸的时间）2，3篇文章 2说明文+1议论文（3000-3750字数）3，40道题目：每篇文章一般13题左右 题目一般分3部分 4雅思阅读雅思阅读特点特点1，顺序性 2，题型多样3，题材多为生物类+地理类+社会科学类4，时间是最大敌人56.5分分以上以上宾法烤鸭的目标是？宾法烤鸭的目标是？ 67IELTS阅读的评分标准阅读的评分标准Academic 答对的题数答对的题数成绩成绩39-40937-388.535-368.033-347.530-32

2、7.027-296.523-266.019-225.515-185.0General 答对的题数答对的题数成绩成绩409398.5388.036-377.534-357.032-336.530-316.027-295.523-265.081 Vocabulary你并你并不不需要所有的单词都认识需要所有的单词都认识搞定雅思阅读需要搞定雅思阅读需要.91 Vocabulary但但，要有找到要有找到“失散兄妹失散兄妹”的能力的能力搞定雅思阅读需要搞定雅思阅读需要.10 11例如： 题目： It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views

3、about the “pure” science that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science. 12例如： 题目： It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the “pure” science that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that c

4、hildren harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science. 13例如： 题目： It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the “pure” science that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science. 14例如： 题目： It has been

5、 suggested that children hold mistaken views about the “pure” science that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science. 15例如： 题目： It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the “pure” science that they study

6、 at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science. 16例如： 题目: Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years. 文章: Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative

7、 therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years17例如： 题目: Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years. 文章: Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during

8、the past 20 years18例如： 题目: Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years. 文章: Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years19例如： 题目: Australians have be

9、en turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years. 文章: Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years20 Vocabulary要求：要求：同义词组同义词组21 “同义词组同义词组”本本22 “同义词组同义词组”本本232. 语法语法找找“大树大树”的

10、能力的能力搞定雅思阅读还需要搞定雅思阅读还需要.24句型一：主系表句型一：主系表句型二：主谓句型二：主谓句型三：主谓宾句型三：主谓宾句型四：主谓宾宾句型四：主谓宾宾句型五：主谓宾补句型五：主谓宾补25句型四：主谓宾宾句型四：主谓宾宾He showed the guard his passport.句型五：主谓宾补句型五：主谓宾补The advent/coming of technology makes knowledge more important/ crucial.26There be 句型句型There be +名词名词 定语从句定语从句 分词分词 介词介词There come, eme

11、rge, exist, lie, live, occur, stand, has been 27例1： Anthropology, at its broadest, is the study of humanity our physical characteristics as animals and our unique non-biological characteristics that we call culture.28例1： Anthropology, at its broadest, is the study of humanity our physical characteri

12、stics as animals and our unique non-biological characteristics that we call culture.29例2： The problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned, so that they are distributed in both the most just and the most effective way, is not a new one. 30例2： The problem of how health-care

13、 resources should be allocated or apportioned, so that they are distributed in both the most just and the most effective way, is not a new one. 31例3： Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement

14、in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space. . 32例3： Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fas

15、t athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space. . 33例3： Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes

16、 run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space. . 342. 语法要求：语法要求：每天训练每天训练10个长难句个长难句一开始以练习理解为主一开始以练习理解为主后期以速度为主后期以速度为主353. 技巧技巧如何在有限的时间内提高速度如何在有限的时间内提高速度 如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径 如何在一长篇文章中找出重点如何在一长篇文章中找出重点搞定雅思阅读也需要搞定雅思阅读也需要.36如

17、何在有限的时间内提高速度如何在有限的时间内提高速度解决方案解决方案 以题目为导向快速搜索（以特殊词，专有名词做为定位词的时候，通通常第一次出现该词时，出题机率大常第一次出现该词时，出题机率大） 读段首的句子，预测该段内容 需要注意的句型： 概括性强的句子 e.g. There were several reasons why original science continued to be written in Latin 承上启下的句子 e.g. Bats are not only creatures to face this difficulty. 问句 e.g. Given the qu

18、estions of how to maneuver in the dark, what solutions might an engineer consider? e.g. What is the role of the shinbashira, the central pillar?37如何在有限的时间内提高速度如何在有限的时间内提高速度 长句囫囵吞枣e.g. The aim of the present study is to start to provide such information, to help teachers design their educational stra

19、tegies to build upon correct ideas and to displace misconceptions and to plan programs in environmental studies in their schools.38如何在有限的时间内提高速度如何在有限的时间内提高速度 对同义改写不熟悉，不敏感 解决方案-分析、总结剑4，剑6，剑7 坚持句子对句子，词对词的做题方法，保证每个题目的证据定位；精读对照并验证题目和原文的替换和转化。39如何在有限的时间内提高速度如何在有限的时间内提高速度 心理因素-舍是一种智慧， 也是一种能力 解决方案-严格按照一篇17

20、-18分钟做题把能做的题，尽量作对。没把握的，meng。40Meng的技巧的技巧 判断题-答案YES , NO 基本相当，NG少，全true法 有only, all, every, must的题，答NO的可能性大 有probable, maybe的题,答YES的可能性大 涉及金钱的题干不是选项41如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径例：Americans can not experience realitydirectly but thrive on the pseudo-events. 42如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径例

21、：Americans can not experience realitydirectly but thrive on the pseudo-events. 43如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径虽然很多人认为那栋大楼是个abomination，but我喜欢它44如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径这房子是某大师设计的，but民众心目中it turned out to be a catastrophe.45如何在长句中找出重点如何在长句中找出重点例： It is not only in technology and commer

22、ce that glass has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition going back at least to Roman times, is also booming. 46例： It is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition going back at least to Roman times, is also boomi

23、ng. 47例： It is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition going back at least to Roman times, is also booming. 48例： While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be, city streets and motorways are becoming more

24、 crowded than ever, often with older trucks, buses and taxis, which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes. This concentration of vehicles makes air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes dangerous to breathe49例： While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be, cit

25、y streets and motorways are becoming more crowded than ever, often with older trucks, buses and taxis, which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes. This concentration of vehicles makes air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes dangerous to breathe501阅读思维改变雅思阅读考试雅思阅读考试2大王道：大王道：511. 考官“立场

26、”2. Writer-friendly 阅读思维的改变：阅读思维的改变：52题目特点 解题步骤2 题型的适应题型的适应53一切只为了把题目做出来一切只为了把题目做出来54 (1) 把题目做出来, 需要先看题目;(2) 把题目做出来,并不需要所有的单词都认识和所有的段落都要读; (3) 把题目做出来, 需要善于利用逻辑分析 低层次逻辑: 时间顺序 从属 并列 递进 高层次逻辑: 因果 转折 让步 553. 心理要求：心理要求：舍是一种智慧，也是一种能力56常见57不常见58List of headings （标题对应）Matching（配对，数量开始增加） 段落+相关信息的MATCHINGTru

27、e/ False/ Not Given; Yes/No/Not Given（题量最多，非常重要）Multiple choice（越来越重要）Summary（完型填空）5大常考题型：大常考题型：59Sentence completion（完成句子）Diagram/ Flowchart/ Table completion （图标填空题）Short answer questions（回答问题）3个小题型：个小题型：60题型特点：1 唯一的题目在文章前面的题型2 会有举例3 没有顺序第一讲第一讲 LIST OF HEADINGS 61解题核心词：解题核心词：找中心，主旨找中心，主旨LIST OF HE

28、ADINGS 62三三“看看”1 看题干题干 哪几段？解题步骤：解题步骤：63三三“看看”2 看框框框框画出keywords，重复的词64三三“看看”3 看段落段落看首二 + 末句651. 首先将例子中选的heading划掉（1）找出heading中的Keywords（2）找出主题句中的Keywords （3）对应两组keywords 找高频词/原词/词形变化/同义词解题解题步骤步骤66（1）找出heading中的Keywords 特殊词 金三角 n. v. adj.a.各段落段对应词解题解题步骤步骤67a.标题中有这些的，可能是开头段落开头段落的标题：（12段） notion/early v

29、iew/overview/concept/conception/definition/introduction/essence/main idea/initiation/cause 解题解题步骤步骤68b.标题中有这些的，可能是结尾段落结尾段落的标题： （倒数12段） in fact, effect (affect)/influence/impactconsequence/prediction/future/prospect/perspective/outlook/conclusion/result/summary解题解题步骤步骤69c. 标题中这些词时，该段落是中间中间段落！含有figure

30、/number/amount/statistic (al)/demographics 等词的H 往往对应数字集中数字集中的段落含有rate / ratio / proportion / percentage等词的H 往往对应%集中集中的段落cost/fee/fund/financial/business/income/salary/wage/commercial/dealing/purchase/sell 等词的H 往往对应金钱符号集中金钱符号集中的段落含有time/period等词的H 往往对应时间集中时间集中的段落解题解题步骤步骤70（2）找出主题句中的Keywords 规则段落 首二+末

31、句非规则段落 最后排除法做解题解题步骤步骤711. （3）对应两组keywords 找高频词/原词/同义词可以自行设问？解题解题步骤步骤72真题举例List of Headingsi Causes of volcanic eruptionii Efforts to predict volcanic eruptioniii Volcanoes and the features of our planetiv Different types of volcanic eruptionv International relief effortsvi The unpredictability of vo

32、lcanic eruptions1. Section A2. Section B3. Section C4. Section D73 看线索词线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！段落中表示1顺承顺承关系: in addition, moreover, furthermore, besides, not onlybut also, instead of 2转折转折关系: but, however, yet, nevertheless3总结总结关系的词所引导的句子: thus, therefore, all of us如果1,2 尾句都没有找到？742. 看线索词线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！直接解

33、释法直接解释法 下定义句型：That is / This is /These/Those间接解释法间接解释法例子解释法例子解释法注意例子前面的陈述句LEADING SENTENCEfor example/for instance/such as/like/to illustrate/specifically752. 看线索词线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！标点符号（：）代词76e.g： Interrupting a natural processA The fertile land of the Nile delta is being eroded along Egypts Medeterra

34、nean coast at an alarming rate, in some parts estimated at 100 meters per year. B Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large dams at Aswan in the south of Egypt.77e.g： the impact of wilderness tourismA The market for tourism.there is no cost. As the 1992 UN conference on

35、Environment and development recognized, these regions are fragile.78解题技巧最后总结： 1 首段的标题中心词往往是文章标题中心词 2 第一句和第二句中重复出现2次以上的关键词，是中心词 3 在某一个段落出现了一个新的关键词，而文章的其他段落均没有提到，则这个词是本段落的中心词段落的特殊性对标题的特殊性 4本段落无法判断中心时，可根据下一段的开头来判断 5 标题中的关键词如果是出现在段落中的一个主从复合句的一个从句当中绝对不可能选为标题 6 标题中的核心词必须出现在你阅读的段落中这是你选这个标题为段落标题的前提条件 7 段落中出

36、现一个新词，且这个新词在该段落中重复出现，该词一定是段落标题的关键词79如果基础较弱：如果基础较弱： 依次看该段落的1、2和最后一句 找到有可能成为key words的单词和词组（术语、斜体、引用其中： 反复提到的单词命中率最高反复提到的单词命中率最高！80练习：练习： 剑4： 剑5: p66 Q14-17; p85 Q1-3 剑6: p26 Q27-32; p40 Q1-5; p67 Q14-18; p85 Q1-7; p93 Q27-309 剑7: p22 Q14-20; p48 Q27-30; p69 Q14-19 81解题难点：解题难点：乱序乱序第二讲第二讲. Matching 82人

37、 名 - 观 点配对；地 名 - 描 述配对；时 间 - 事件配对；分 类 题 (Classification) ； 句 子 - 句 子配对（按顺序）；段落配信息乱序-语言实力Matching 83人名+观点1. 确定人名(把人名首字母缩写)顺序回原文中定位 2. 细读题干理论，划出其中关键词 回文中人名定位处寻找： 引言 “X” 下列动词引导的宾语从句（选取一则最好理解的理论。分析句子结构，弄清其重点。）4. 比较题干理论中关键词与引言或宾语从句中关键词解题解题步骤步骤84Argue/claim/deem/believeDiscover/refute/concludeNote/notice/

38、remark/proposeAnnounce/point out/perceive解题解题步骤步骤85NB You may use any letter more than once.很有可能是有且仅有一个选项重复使用一次,个别情况会出现两个选项使用两次 人名在文章中出现的顺序是乱序的第一题往往对应文章的后几个观点，最后一题往往对应文中的前几个观点Notice86答案出处答案一定在原文作者姓名的附近出现重点关注词汇 suggest/show/“”文章作者姓名不只出现一次，往往第二次出现姓/名Notice875 Endangered languages cannot be saved unles

39、s people learn to speak more than one language.6 Saving languages from extinction is not in itself a satisfactory goal.7 The way we think may be determined by our language.8 Young people often reject the established way of life in their community. 9 A change of language may mean a loss of traditiona

40、l culture.例题例题88A Michael Krauss B Salikoko MufweneC Nicholas OstlerD Mark PagelE Doug Whalen例题例题89第四段第三句：Why do people reject the language of their parents? , says Nicholas Ostler, of Britains Foundation for Endangered Languages, in Bath. People lose faith in their culture, he says. When the next g

41、eneration reaches their teens, they might not want to be induced into the old traditions.Q8: Young people often reject the established way of life in their community.例题例题90第六段第一、二句：Language is also intimately bound up with culture so it may be difficult to preserve one without the other. If a person

42、 shifts from Navajo to English, they lose something, Mufwene says. Q9: A change of language may mean a loss of traditional culture.例题例题91第六段第五、六句：Your brain and mine are different from the brain of someone who speaks French, for instance, Pagel says, and this could affect our thoughts and perception

43、s. The patterns and connections we make among various concepts may be structured by the linguistic habits of our community.Q7: The way we think may be determined by our language.例题例题92第七段第三、四句：The key to fostering diversity is for people to learn their ancestral tongue, as well as the dominant langu

44、age, says Doug Whalen, founder and president of the Endangered Language Fund in New Haven, Connecticut. Most of these languages will not survive without a large degree of bilingualism,he says. Q5: Endangered languages cannot be saved unless people learn to speak more than one language.例题例题93第七段最后两句：

45、But Mufwene says that preventing a language dying out is not the same as giving it new life by using it every day.Preserving a language is more like preserving fruits in a jar, he says.Q6: Saving languages from extinction is not in itself a satisfactory goal.例题例题94句子+句子（按顺序）1. 找出题干Keywords2. 找出选项Key

46、words3. 比较两组Keywords，尽量缩小选择范围（语法排除以及语义排除）4. 根据题干回文中定位处寻找解题解题步骤步骤9524 One of the brains most difficult task is to25 Because of the language they have developed, humans26 Individual responses to humour27 Peter Derks believes that humour例题例题96 A.react to their own thoughts.B.helped create language in h

47、umans.C.respond instantly to whatever is happening.D.may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain.E.cope with difficult situations.F.relate to a persons subjective views. G.led our ancestors to smile and then laugh. 例题例题97Q27: Peter Derks believes that humour最后一段第二、三句：As Peter D

48、erks, a psychologist at William and Mary College in Virginia, says: I like to think of humour as the distorted mirror of the mind. Its creative, perceptual, analytical and lingual. If we can figure out how the mind processes humour, then well have a pretty good handle on how it works in general. D.

49、may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain. 例题例题98Q26: Individual responses to humour倒数第二段最后一句：Whether a joke gives pleasure or pain depends on a persons outlook. F relate to a persons subjective views.例题例题9925 Because of the language they have developed, humans倒数第二段第一句：All wa

50、rm-blooded animals make constant tiny adjustments in arousal in response to external events, but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their own thoughts. A react to their own thoughts.例题例题

51、10024 One of the brains most difficult task is to倒数第三段第一句：Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human.C respond instantly to whatever is happening. 例题例题101段落信息配对（乱序）1. 彻底同义转换 2. 完全乱序 3.部分题目存在重复选项 NB You may use any lett

52、er more than once. 出题出题特点特点102段落信息配对（乱序）4.从题量上来看，存在着以下两种可能：1) 题量 = 段落 数 +1 （肯定带 NB ）2) 题量 小于段落数两个以上由于每个选项只能重复使用一次，因此第一种题型就意味着每个段落都会有至少一个答案，而第二种题型则不能保证每段都有。 5. 永远是第一个题型 6.有部分题目与其后的题目有关联 出题出题特点特点103I. 题量 = 段落数 +1 ，且带 NB 的题型（通篇浏览）1.阅读所有题目，划出关键词 2.通读所有段落，依次寻找答案 II. 题量小于段落数两个以上的题型 1.先做其它题目2. 读题，看是否有对应答案

53、3. 根据文章结构以及有否 NB ，对余下的段落进行猜测。 解题解题思路思路104Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different

54、 sports2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated6 an overview of the funded support of athletes7 how performance requir

55、ements are calculated before an event 例题1105A 段： finances programme of excellence in （对应第 6 题 funded support）B 段： AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one to others （对应第 1 题的 exchange of expertise 和 different sports ）B 段： They all focus on one aim: winning. We ca

56、nt waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that dont help the coach work with an athlete （对应第 3 题 narrowing the scope of research ）C 段： It collects images from digital cameras （对应第 2 题 visual imaging）D 段： to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might

57、 have an impact on an athletes ability to run （对应第 5 题 obstacles to optimum achievement ）E 段： Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a competition model. （对应第 7 题）F 段： Now everyone uses them. （对应第 4 题 AIS ideas 和 reproduced ） 106Reading P

58、assage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.14 a biological explanation of the teacher- subjects behaviour15 the explanation Milgram gave the teacher-subjects for the experiment16 the identity

59、 of the pupils17 the expected statistical outcome18 the general aim of sociobiological study19 the way Milgram persuaded the teacher-subjects to continue 例题2107选择 20 题：The teacher subjects were told that they were testing whether问的是实验的目的，这与 15 题正好是一致的(A 段)； 选择 22 题： Before the experiment took place

60、the psychiatristsunderestimated the teacher subjects willingness to comply with experimental procedure.实验之前精神病专家对实验结果的预估，而这又恰恰对应了第 17 题（D 段）； 判断 24 题：Some people may believe that the teacher-subjects behaviour could be explained as a positive survival mechanism. 正好是对 teacher-subject 的行为进行的解释，因此马上就能对