常用物理英语词汇大全

1、仅供个人参考常用物理英语词汇大全英文力学词汇-(a-b)absoluteacceleration绝对力口速度absolutemotion绝对运动Forpersonaluseonlyinstudyandresearch;notforcommercialuseabsolutevelocity绝对速度acceleratedmotion力口速运动accelerationofgravity重力力口速度Forpersonaluseonlyinstudyandresearch;notforcommercialuseacceleration力口速度accelerometer力口速度计actingforce作用

2、力Forpersonaluseonlyinstudyandresearch;notforcommercialuseactiveforce主动力angleoffriction摩擦角angleofnutation章动角angleofprecession进动角angleofrotation自转角angularacceleration角力口速度angulardisplacement角位移angularmotion角向运动angularvelocityvector角速度矢量angularvelocity角速度arealvelocity掠面速度又称“扇形速度(sectorvelocity)”armofco

3、uple力偶臂attractionforce吸弓I力Atwoodmachine阿特伍德机averagevelocity,meanvelocity平均速度axialacceleration轴向力口速度axialvector轴矢量ballisticcurve弹道ballisticpendulum弹道摆ballistics弹道学basepoint基点bearing轴承binormalacceleration副法向力口速度bounce反弹英文力学词汇-(c)centerofforce力心centerofgravity重心centerofmass质心centerofmoment矩心centerofpar

4、allelforcesystem平行力系中心centerofpercussion撞击中心centerofreduction简化中心又称“约化中心”center-of-masssystem质心参考逐centralfield有心力场centralforce有心力centralimpact对心碰撞centralprincipalaxisofinertia中心惯性主轴centrifugalforce离心力centripetalacceleration向心力口速度centripetalforce向心力centrode瞬心迹Chaslestheorem沙勒定理circularmotion圆周运动coeff

5、icientofmaximumstaticfriction最大静摩擦系数coefficientofrestitution恢复系数coefficientofrollingfriction滚动摩擦系数coefficientofslidingfriction滑动摩擦系数collision碰撞componentforce分力componentvelocity分速度compositemotion复合运动compositionofforces力的合成compositionofvelocities速度的合成compoundpendulum复摆concentratedforce集中力concurrentfor

6、ce汇交力conservativeforce保守力conservativesystem保守系constantforce恒力constantofmotion运动常量constraintforce约束力constraint约束convectedacceleration牵连力口速度convectedmotion牵连运动convectedvelocity牵连速度coplanarforce共面力Coriolisacceleration科里奥利加速度简称“科氏加速度”Coriolisforce科里奥利力简称“科氏力”Coulomblawoffriction库仑摩擦定律couple力偶curvilinear

7、motion曲线运动英文力学词汇-(d-e)dAlembertinertialforce达朗贝尔惯性力dAlembertprinciple达朗贝尔原理density密度displacement位移dissipativeforce耗散力distributedforce分布力effectivepotential有效势elasticforce弹性力elementarywork元功ellipsoidofinertia惯量椭球equilibriumcondition平衡条件equilibriumofforces力的平衡equilibriumposition平衡位置equilibriumstate平衡态e

8、quilibrium平衡equipotentialline等势线equipotentialsurface等势面equivalentforcesystem等效力系Eulerkinematicalequations欧拉运动学方程Eulerianangle欧拉角externalballistics外弹道学externalforce外力英文力学词汇-(f-g)finalvelocity末速度finiterotation有限转动firstcosmicvelocity第一宇宙速度fixedcentrode定瞬心迹又称“空间瞬心迹(herpolhode)fixedreferencesystem固定参考系fi

9、xedvector固定矢量fixed-axisrotation定轴转动fixed-pointmotion定点运动force力forcefield力场forcepolygon力多边形forcescrew力螺旋forcetriangle力三角形forcesactingatthesamepoint共点力Foucaultpendulum傅科摆freemotionofrigidbody刚体自由运动freevector自由矢量free-bodydiagram受力图描述分离体所受力的图。frictionforce摩擦力funicularpolygon索多边形Galileaninvariance伽利略不变性G

10、alileanprincipleofrelativity伽利略相对性原理Galileantransformation伽利略变换geocentriccoordinatesystem地心坐标系gravitation弓I力gravitationalconstant弓I力常量gravitationalfield弓I力场gravityfield重力场gravity重力guycable拉索gyroscope陀螺仪英文力学词汇-(h-i)helicalmotion螺旋运动hingedend较接端hodograph矢端图impactparameter碰撞参量imperfectelasticcollision非

11、完全弹性碰撞impulseofcompression压缩冲量impulseofrestitution恢复冲量impulse冲量inertia惯性inertialreferenceframe/system惯性参考逐inertialcentrifugalforce惯性离心力inertialforce惯性力infinitesimalrotation无限小转动initialvelocity初速度instantaneousaxisofrotation转动瞬轴instantaneouscenterofrotation转动瞬心instantaneouscenterofacceleration力口速度瞬心in

12、stantaneousscrewaxis瞬时螺旋轴instantaneoustranslation瞬时平移instantaneousvelocity瞬时速度internalforce内力intrinsicequation内禀方程isochronism等时性isochronouspendulum等时摆isolatedsystem孤立系英文力学词汇-(j-l)jerk加加速度journalbearing颈轴承Keplerlaw开普勒定律kinematicalequation运动学方程kineticenergy动能kineticfriction动摩擦kineto-statics动态静力学labora

13、torycoordinatesystem实验室坐标系lawofconservationofenergy能量守恒定律lawofconservationofmass质量守恒定律lawofconservationofmass质量守恒定律lawofconservationofmechanicalenergy机械能守恒定律lawofconservationofmomentofmomentum动量矩守恒定律lawofconservationofmomentum动量守恒定律lawofuniversalgravitation万有弓I力定律limitingvelocity极限速度lineofaction作用线英

14、文力学词汇-(m-n)many-bodyproblem多体问题materialpoint,masspoint,particle质点mechanicalenergy机械能mechanicalmotion力学运动又称“机械运动”mechanicalwork机械功Meshcherskiiformula密歇尔斯基公式momentarmofforce力臂momentofarea面矩momentofcouple力偶矩momentofforce力矩momentofinertia转动惯量momentofmomentum动量矩又称“角动量(angularmomentum)momentvectorofcouple

15、力偶矩矢momentvector矩矢量momentum动量motionofrigid-bodywithafixedpoint冈U体定点运动movingcentrode动瞬心迹又称“本体瞬心迹(polhode)”movingreferencesystem动参考系Newtonfirstlaw牛顿第一定律Newtonsecondlaw牛顿第二定律Newtonthirdlaw牛顿第三定律normalacceleration法向力口速度null-forcesystem零力系nutation章动英文力学词汇-(o-p)obliqueimpact斜碰orbit轨道overweight超重parallelax

16、istheorem平行轴定理parallelforces平行力parallelogramrule平行四边形定则path路程沿路径的长度。path,itinerary路径pendulum摆perfectelasticcollision完全弹性碰撞perfectinelasticcollision完全非弹性碰撞perturbation摄动pitch俯仰/音调pivotbearing枢轴承planarhinge平面较planarmotion平面运动Poinsotmotion潘索运动pointofaction作用点polarvector极矢量positionvector位置矢量简称“位矢”potent

17、ialforce有势力potentialfunction势函数power功率precession进动物理学称“旋进”。principalaxisofinertia惯量主轴principalmomentofinertia主转动惯量principalmoment主矩principalvector主矢量principleofremovalofconstraint解除约束原理principleofrigidization刚化原理productofinertia惯性积projectilemotion抛体运动pseudoregularprecessionJS规贝U进动pulley滑轮英文力学词汇-(r)r

18、adialacceleration径向力口速度radialvelocity径向速度radiusofgyration回转半径radiusvector径矢又称“矢径”reactingforce反作用力reactionatsupport支座反力recoil反冲rectilinearmotion直线运动reducedmass简化质量又称“约化质量”，为减少自由度而用的折算质量reductionofforcesystem力系的简化又称“力系的约化”referencesystem参考系regularprecession规贝U进动relativeacceleration相对力口速度relativemotio

19、n相对运动relativevelocity相对速度resolutionofforce力的分解resolutionofvelocity速度的分解resultantcouple合力偶resultantforce合力resultantvelocity合速度rigidbodymotion刚体运动rigidbody刚体rocket火箭roll侧滚roller滚柱rollingfriction滚动摩擦rotationaroundafixedpoint定点转动rotation转动英文力学词汇-(s)secondcosmicvelocity第二宇宙速度simplependulum单摆slidingfricti

20、on滑动摩擦slidingvector滑移矢量specificgravity,specificweight比重speed速率sphericalhinge球较sphericalpendulum球面摆staticfriction静摩擦staticallydeterminate静定staticallyindeterminate超静定suspendedcable悬索systemofcouples力偶系systemofforces力系systemofparticles质点系英文力学词汇-(t)tangentialacceleration切向力口速度tensileforce拉力tension拉伸/张力te

21、rminalvelocity终极速度theoremofkineticenergy动能定理theoremofmomentofmomentum动量矩定理theoremofmomentum动量定理thirdcosmicvelocity第三宇宙速度three-bodyproblem三体问题top陀螺torque转矩trajectory轨迹translation平移transmissibilityofforce力的可传性transverseacceleration横向力口速度transversevelocity横向速度two-bodyproblem二体问题英文力学词汇-(u-w)uniformmotio

22、n匀速运动variable-massdynamics变质量动力学variable-masssystem变质量系Varignontheorem伐里农定理velocityofescape逃逸速度velocity速度weightlessness失重work功物理常用英语词汇(A)a.c.generator交流发电机aberration先行差，像差absoluteindexofrefraction绝对折射率absoluterefractiveindex绝对折射率absolutetemperaturescale绝对温标absolutezero绝对零度absorber吸收体absorbingpower吸收

23、能力，吸收本领absorptance吸收比absorption吸收absorptioncoefficient吸收系数absorptionline吸收谱线absorptionspectrum吸收光谱，吸收谱accelerate力口速acceleration力口速度accelerationduetogravity重力力口速度acceleration-timegraph加速度一时间关系线图accelerator力口速器acceptor接受体acceptordoping受体掺杂acceptorimpurity受体杂质accommodation调节，视觉调节accumulator蓄电池accuracy准

24、确度acetatestrip醋酸酯条片achromatic消色差的achromaticaberration消色差achromaticcondenser消色差聚光透镜achromaticlight消色差光，白光acousticblur声响模糊acousticboard吸音板，吸声板acousticnavigation声响导航acousticpressure声压acoustics声学acton施于action作用量，作用，作用力actionofpoint尖端作用activation激活，活化activationenergy激活能，活化能activenucleus活性核，放射性核activity放射

25、强度，放射性adapter接合器adder加法器adhesion附着力，附着，黏附adhesiveforce附着力adiabatic绝热的adiabaticexpansion绝热膨胀adiabaticprocess绝热过程aerial天线aerialinduction天线调谐电感aerialnetwork天线网络aerodynamicforce气动力，空气动力aerodynamics气体动力学，空气动力学aerofoil机翼agent齐airblower吹风器aircolumn空气柱，气柱aircushion气垫airdamping空气阻尼airfilm气膜airtrack气垫导航airwed

26、ge气楔alignment对准，校整alphadecaya衰变alphaparticlea粒子alphaparticlescatteringanaloguea粒子放射模拟alternatingcurrent交流电alternatingvoltage交变电压，交流电压alternator交流发电机altimeter高度计，测高仪americiumammeter安培计amorphous非结晶的，无定形的ampere安培，安ampere-hour安培小时，安时amplification放大，放大率amplifier放大器amplify放大amplitude振幅amplitudemodulation调

27、幅，振幅调剂amylacetate醋酸戊酯anaemia贫血analogue模拟analogueexperiment模拟实验analoguesignal仿真讯号，非数字讯号analogue-to-digitalconversion模拟转换analyser检偏振器ANDgate与门anemometer风速计aneroidbarometer无液气压计，空盒气压计angleofcontact接触角angleofdeviation偏向角angleofdiffraction衍射角，绕射角angleofdip倾角angleofelevation仰角angleofemergence出射角angleofinc

28、idence入射角angleofinclination倾角angleofminimumdeviation最小偏向角angleofprojection投射角angleofreflection反射角angleofrefraction折射角angleoftwist扭转角angstrom埃angularacceleration角力口速度angularaperture孔径张角angulardisplacement角位移angularfrequency角频率angularimpulse角冲量angularmagnification角度放大，角放大率angularmomentum角动量，动量矩angular

29、motion角向运动，角运动angularseed角速率angularvelocity角速度angularwidth角宽度annealing退火，韧化anode阳极，正极anomalousexpansion反常膨胀antenna天线anticlockwisemoment逆时针力矩antifreeze防冻齐1Jantinodalline腹线antinode波腹antiparticle反粒子antiphase反相，逆相aperture孑L径，口径，孑Lapparentdepth视深apparentexpansion表观膨胀，视膨胀apparentfrequency表观频率，视频率apparentl

30、ossinweight表观失重apparentweight表观重量Appletonlayer阿普顿层，F电离层aqueouslayer水层Archimedes”principle阿基米得原理area面积argon氮armature电枢artificialdisintegration人工蜕变artificialradioactivity人工放射astable非稳态的astablecircuit非稳态电路astablemultivibrator非态多谐振荡器astigmatism像散，散光astronomicaltelescope天文望远镜atinfinity在无穷远处atrest静止atmosp

31、here大气，大气层，大气压atmosphericpressure大气压强atom原子atomicbomb原子弹atomicbond原子键atomicdensity原子密度atomicdiameter原子直径atomicenergy原子能atomicmass原子质量atomicmassunit原子质量单位atomicmodel原子模型atomicnucleus原子核atomicnumber原子序数atomicradius原子半径atomicseparation原子间品Eatomicspacing原子间距atomicstructure原子结构atomictheory原子论atomizer喷雾器a

32、ttenuation衰减attraction吸弓Iattractiveforce吸力audiblefrequencyrange听频范围audiblesignal可听讯号audiofrequency声频autofocus自动聚焦，自动对焦avalanche电子雪崩averageacceleration平均力口速度averagepower平均功率averagespeed平均速率averagevelocity平均速度Avogadroconstant阿佛加彳惠罗常数，阿佛加彳惠罗常量Avogadronumber阿佛加德罗数Avogadroslaw阿佛加德罗定律axial轴向的，沿轴的axialfiel

33、d轴向场axialsearchcoil轴向探察线图axis轴axisofrotation转轴物理英语词汇（B）backe.m.f.反电动势backgroundradiation本底辐射Bainbridgemassspectrometer班布里奇质谱仪balance天平，秤，平衡balancearm秤杆，平衡臂balancepoint平衡点balancebridge平衡电桥balancedforce平衡力ballbearing球轴承，滚珠轴承ballisticgalvanometer冲击电流计，冲击检流计ballisticpendulum冲击摆Balmerseries巴耳末系，巴耳末光谱band

34、spectrum带状光谱，带状谱bandwidth带宽barcode条形码barmagnet磁棒barewire裸线barium钢barometer气压计barrier障碍物barrierlayer阻档层，耗尽层barrierpotentialdifference阻档层电势差，阻档层电位差Bartonspendulums巴尔通摆base基极basecurrent基极电流battery电池组batterycharger电池充电器batteryholder电池座beaker烧杯beamsplitter分束器，射束分离器beat拍beatfrequency拍频becquerel贝克勒耳，贝克bel贝

35、尔，贝belljar钟形罩benchmat实验台垫Bernoullistheorem伯努利定律beryllium镀betadecay0衰变betaparticleB粒子biasingcircuit偏压电路biasingvoltage偏压biconcavelens双凹透镜biconvexlens双凸透镜bicycledynamo自行车发电机，脚踏车发电机bifilarpendulum双线摆bifocallens双焦距透镜bigbangmodel大爆炸模型bimetallicstrip双层金属片，双金属片binaryadder二进力口法器binarysystem二进制binding结合bindin

36、genergy结合能binoculars双筒望远镜Biot-Savartlaw毕奥萨伐尔定律bipolar双极的birefraction双折射bistable双稳态的，双稳器bistablecircuit双稳电路bistablemultivibrator双稳态多谐振荡器bit二进制制，位blackbodyradiation黑体辐射blockandtackle滑轮组blockdiagram方框匿blockingcapacitor隔直流电器容blooming敷霜，表面加膜Bohratom玻尔原子Bohrradius玻尔半径Bohrtheory玻尔理论boil沸腾，煮沸boiler锅炉boiling

37、point沸点bolometer辐射热计Boltzmannconstant玻耳兹曼常数，玻耳兹曼常量bombardment轰击bondenergy键能bonding键合Bourdongauge布尔登气压计bowwave弓形波，舷波Boyleslaw博伊尔定律Brackettseries布喇开系，布喇开光谱Braggangle布喇格角Braggdiffraction布喇格衍射，布喇格绕射Braggplane布喇格平面Braggslaw布喇格定律brake制动器breakdownpotential击穿电势，击穿电位breakingpoint断点breakingstrength抗断强度breakin

38、gstress致断应力breederreactor增殖反应堆bremsstrahlung初致辐射Brewster”slaw布鲁斯特定律bridgecircuit桥式电路bridgerectifier桥式整流器brightfringe亮纹brightness亮度brittle脆的，易碎的bromine澳Brownianmovement布朗运动brush电刷bubblechamber气泡室bubbleraftmodel泡筏模型buffer缓冲器buffercircuit缓冲电路bulkmodulus体积弹性模量Bunsenburner本生灯buoyancy浮力burette滴定管burettest

39、and滴定管架burglaralarm防盗警报器，防盗警钟buzzer蜂鸣器by-pass旁路byte二进制组，字节物理英文词汇（C）cable电缆cadmiumsulphide硫化镉caesium葩calcite方解石calibrate校准，标上刻度calipers测径器，卡钳calorie卡路里，卡calorimeter量热器camera照相机cancercell癌细胞candela坎德拉cantilever悬臂capacitance电容capacitancesubstitutionbox换值电容箱capacitivecircuit电容电路capacitivecomponent电容性分量c

40、apacitivecoupling电容耦合capacitivedischarge电容性放电capacitivereactance容抗capacitor电容器capacitor-inputfilter电容输入滤波器capacity容量，载量capillarity毛细现象，毛细作用capillarydepression毛细下降capillaryrise毛细上升capillarytube毛2田管capsule囊capture俘获carbon碳carbongranule碳颗粒carbonpaperdisc圆形碳名氏carbon-14dating碳14年代测定法carburettor化油器，汽化器car

41、rierwave载波carry进位castoroil篦麻油cataract白内障cathode阴极，负极cathoderay阴极射线cathoderaydeflectiontube阴极射线偏转管cathode-rayoscilloscope阴极射线示波器，示波器cathode-raytube阴极射线管cavityresonator空腔共振器celestialtelescope天体望远镜cell电池，细胞Celsiustemperaturescale摄氏温标centimetre厘米centralizedlowvoltagepowersupplyunit中央控制低压电源箱centreofcurva

42、ture曲率中心centreofgravity重心、centreofmass质心centreofoscillation振荡中心、centre-tappedtransformer中心抽头变压器centrifugalforce离心力centrifuge离心机centripetalacceleration向心力口速度centripetalforce向心力Chadwick查德威克chainreaction连锁反应changeofstate物态变化change-overswitch换向开关characteristic特性，特征characteristiccurve特性曲线characteristicli

43、ne特征线，特征谱characteristicspectrum特征光谱，特征谱charge电荷，充电，起电chargecarrier载荷子chargeconservation电荷守恒chargedensity电荷密度chargedistribution电荷分布chargetomassratio荷质比chargedparticle带电粒子chargingbycontact接触起电chargingbyfriction摩擦生电chargingbyinduction感应起电chargingbysharing授受起电chargingtimeconstant充电时间常数，充电时间常量Charlesesla

44、w查理定律choke扼流，抗流，扼流圈，抗流圈chokecircuit扼流电路，抗流电路chromaticaberration色差chromaticdispersion色散cinefilmsoundtrack电影胶片声迹circleofleastconfusion最少模糊圈，明晰圈circuit电路circuitboard电路板circuitbreaker断路器circuitsymbol电路符号circularcoil环形线圈circularmotion圆周运动circularorbit圆周轨道circularpulse圆形脉冲circularwave圆形波circularwavefront圆

45、形波阵面，圆形波前clamp夹钳，夹紧clap-echomethod拍掌回声法cleave裂开clinicalthermometer体温计clip夹子clockwisemoment顺时针力矩closedcircuit闭合电路closedpipe闭管closedtube闭管closed-loopcontrolsystem死循环控制系统closed-loopgain死循环增益closed-loopvoltagegain死循环电压增益closelypacked密堆积的cloudchamber云室cloudchambertrack云室径迹coaxial共轴，同轴coaxialcable同轴电缆，同轴c

46、obalt钻code编码coder编码器coefficientofdynamicfriction动摩擦系数coefficientoffriction摩擦系数coefficientofrestitution恢复系数coefficientofstaticfriction静摩擦系数coefficientofviscosity黏滞系数coherent相干的cohesion内聚力，内聚cohesiveforce内聚力coil线圈collector集电极，集极collectorcurrent集电极电流，集极电流collimator准直管，准直仪collision碰撞colour颜色colourcode色码

47、，色标combinationallogic组合逻辑commonemitter共发射极common-modevoltage共模电压commutator换向器compass指南针，罗盘completecircuit完整电路component组件，分量，组分componentofforce分力compoundmicroscope复式显微镜compoundpendulum复摆compressedgas压缩气体compressibility可压缩性，压缩系数，压缩率compressiblefluid可压缩性流体compression密部，压缩compressionspringbalance压缩弹簧天平c

48、oncave凹concavelens凹透镜concavemirror凹镜，凹面镜concentriccapacitor同心电容器condensation凝结，凝聚condensationnucleus凝结核，凝聚核condensationpoint凝点,凝结点condenser聚光器,电容器，冷凝器conductance电导conductivity传导性，传导率conductor导体conicalpendulum锥摆conjugatefoci共腕焦点conservationofangularmomentum角动量守恒conversationofcharge电荷守恒conservationofe

49、nergy能量守恒conservationofmechanicalenergy机械能守恒conservationofmomentum动量守恒conservativeforce守恒力,保守力conserved守恒constantacceleration恒力口速度constantangularacceleration恒角力口速度constantangularvelocity恒角速度constantforce恒力constantmotion恒速运动constantpressure定压constantspeed恒速率constanttemperature定温constantvelocity恒速度con

50、stantvolume定容constantvolumegasthermometer定容气体温度计constantan康铜constriction颈缩constructiveinterference相长干涉contactangle接触角contactarea接触面积contactforce接触力continuityequation连续性方程continuousspectrum连续光谱，连续谱continuouswave连续波contract收缩controlexperiment对照实验，比对实验controlgrid控制栅极controlrod控制棒controlsystem控制系统convec

51、tion对流converge会聚converginglens会聚透镜convergingmirror会聚镜convex凸convexlens凸透镜convexmirror凸镜，凸面镜coolant冷却剂coolingbyevaporation蒸发致冷coolingcorrection冷去修正coolingcurve冷去口曲线coolingeffect冷却效应coolingsystem冷却系统，散热系统coplanarforces共面力core心，核心Coriolisforce科里奥利力corkscrewrule螺旋法则cornea角膜coronadischarge电晕放电corpuscular

52、theoryoflight光的微粒学说correction矫正，修正cosmicradiation宇宙辐射coulomb库伦Coulombslaw库伦定律countrate计数率counter计数器counterweight平衡锤，配重couple力偶coupledosc川ation耦合振荡coupling耦合covalentbond共价键cranemagnet起重磁铁creep也需变crest波峰criticalangle临界角criticaldamping临界阻尼criticalmass临界质量criticalpoint临界点criticaltemperature临界温度criticalv

53、elocity临界速度crocodileclip鳄鱼夹crosshairs十字丝，叉丝cross-sectionalarea截面积Crovasdisc克罗瓦盘crystal晶体crystaldiffraction晶体衍射，晶体绕射crystallattice晶体点阵，晶体格子，晶格crystalplanes晶面crystalline结晶的crystallization结晶crystallography晶体学cubicalexpansivity体积膨胀系数，体积膨胀率curie居里current电流currentamplification电流放大currentamplificationfacto

54、r电流放大因素currentamplifier电流放大器currentbalance电流天平currentdensity电流密度currentgain电流增益currentintensity电流强度currentpulse电流脉冲currentsensitivity电流灵敏度currentstabilizer稳流器currenttransfercharacteristic电流转移特性current-carryingconductor载电流导体current-voltagecharacteristiccurve电流一电压特性曲线curvedmirror曲面镜cyclotron回旋加速器cylindricalconcavelens柱面凹透镜cylindricalconcavemirror柱面凹镜cylindricalconvexlens柱面凸透镜cylindricalconvexmirror柱面凸镜cylindricallens柱面透镜cylindricalmirror柱面镜常用物理英文词汇（D）d.c.generator直流发电机d.c.mot