高考书面表达评分标准

1、高考书面表达评分标准高考书面表达评分标准 一、评分原则：一、评分原则： 1.本题总分为本题总分为25分，按分，按5 个档次给分。个档次给分。 2.评分时，先根据文章的评分时，先根据文章的内容内容和和语言语言 初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档 次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次， 最后给分。最后给分。 3.词数少于词数少于80和多于和多于120的，从总分的，从总分 中减去中减去2 分。分。 4.评分时，应注意的主要内容为：评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点内容要点、应用词汇应用词汇和和语法结构语法结构的的数量和准确。数量和准确。5. 拼写

2、与标点符号拼写与标点符号是语言正确性的是语言正确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。及词汇用法均可接受。6. 如如书写较差书写较差，以至影响交际，以至影响交际，将分数将分数降低一个档次降低一个档次。二二. 各档次的给分范围和要求各档次的给分范围和要求第五档（很好）：（第五档（很好）：（21-25分）分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖所有覆盖所有内容要点内容要点。应用较多的应用较多的语法结构和词汇语法结构和词汇。语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，语法结构或词汇方面有些

3、许错误，但为尽力但为尽力使用使用较复杂结构或较高级词较复杂结构或较高级词汇汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。有效地有效地使用了使用了语句间的连接成分语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。使全文结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的完全达到了预期的写作目的第四档（好）：（第四档（好）：（16-20分）分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。完全完成了试题规定的任务。虽漏掉了一两个次重点虽漏掉了一两个次重点,但但覆盖所有主覆盖所有主要要内容内容。应用的应用的语法结构和词汇语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要能满足任务的要求。求。语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些

4、许错误主要是因为尝试许错误主要是因为尝试复杂语法结构或词复杂语法结构或词汇汇所致。所致。应用简单的应用简单的语句间的连接成分语句间的连接成分，使全文，使全文结构紧凑。结构紧凑。达到了预期的写作目的达到了预期的写作目的第三档第三档：（一般）（：（一般）（10-15分）分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。基本完成了试题规定的任务。虽然漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有虽然漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有的主要内容的主要内容应用的语法结构或词汇能满足任应用的语法结构或词汇能满足任务的要求务的要求 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解错误，但不影响理解 应用简单的语句间连接成分，应用简单的语

5、句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯使全文内容连贯整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的目的 第二档第二档：（差）（：（差）（5-10分）分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务未恰当完成试题规定的任务漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容了一些无关内容语法结构单调，词汇项目有限语法结构单调，词汇项目有限有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解影响了对写作内容的理解较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性少连贯性信息未能清楚的传递给读者信息未能清楚的传递给读者第一档（很差

6、）：（第一档（很差）：（0-5分）分）未能完成了试题规定的任务。未能完成了试题规定的任务。明显遗漏主要明显遗漏主要内容要点，写了一些内容要点，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未能理解试题无关内容，原因可能是未能理解试题要求要求。语法结构简单、词汇项目有限语法结构简单、词汇项目有限。较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。影响对写作内容的理解。缺乏缺乏语句间的连接成分语句间的连接成分，内容不连，内容不连贯。贯。信息未能传达给读者信息未能传达给读者书面表达得高分的高招： 以前英语作文评分依据是根据要点和以前英语作文评分依据是根据要点和语言准确度而定，但近几年要

7、求语言准确度而定，但近几年要求“使用较多使用较多语法结构和词汇语法结构和词汇”，因此要想得高分，除了，因此要想得高分，除了要点和语言准确度以外，还必须在要点和语言准确度以外，还必须在较复杂较复杂的句子结构或较高级的词汇的句子结构或较高级的词汇上有所表现。上有所表现。句式单一，缺乏生气的文章，哪怕无任何句式单一，缺乏生气的文章，哪怕无任何错误也不可能得高分，相反错误也不可能得高分，相反“有些错误，但有些错误，但是为了使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致是为了使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致”，给分档次仍在给分档次仍在最高档最高档(21(212525分分) )。一、以下四种手段是增加句子复杂性一、以下四种

8、手段是增加句子复杂性的常见方法，也是得高分的的常见方法，也是得高分的“亮点亮点”。1.1.改变句子的开头方式，不要一改变句子的开头方式，不要一味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语、味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语、宾语，最后再加一个状语。可以宾语，最后再加一个状语。可以把状语置于句首，或用分词做状把状语置于句首，或用分词做状语等。语等。例例1.We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.例例2. The young man couldnt help crying when he heard the bad n

9、ews. 修正修正Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together. 修正修正Hearing the bad news，the young man couldnt help crying.2.2.在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句式，在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句式，要灵活运用诸如要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等。句、分词状语等。 强调句强调句例例3.3.My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It had saved my litt

10、le sister bravely. 修正修正My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister bravely.由由whatwhat等引导的从句，此处的等引导的从句，此处的whatwhat相当于相当于中文的中文的“所所”，有很大的概括力，如，有很大的概括力，如: :例例4.4.We had to stand there to catch the offender. 例例5. 5. What China has achieved in recent years is kno

11、wn through the world.例例6. China is no longer what it used to be.修正修正What we had to do was (to) stand there， trying to catch the offender. 由由with或或without引导的短语。如引导的短语。如:例例7. He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand. 分词短语。如分词短语。如:例例8. Satisfied with the result， He decided to go on with a new exp

12、eriment.倒装句。如倒装句。如:例例9. Only in this way can we achieve our goal.例例10. Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.省略句。如省略句。如:例例11. If so, victory will be ours.例例12. You can make some changes wherever necessary.对比，这是中文中也常用的方法。对比，这是中文中也常用的方法。例例13. Failure is not a crime, but failure to learn from

13、failure is.例例14. When I play, I feel excited， and after it I feel relaxed.3.3.通过分句和合句，增强句子的通过分句和合句，增强句子的连贯性和表现力连贯性和表现力。例例15.He stopped us half an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.修正修正He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender.例例16.We had a short rest. Then we bega

14、n to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess. 修正修正After a short rest， we had great fun singing and dancing ，telling jokes and playing chess.4 4. .学会使用过渡词。如学会使用过渡词。如: :递进递进: then(然后然后)， besides furthermore(而且而且)，moreover (此外此外), whats more等。等。 转折转折: however(然而然而)， but，

15、on the contrary(相反相反)，after all (毕竟毕竟)等。等。 总结总结: finally，at last，in brief (总之总之)，in conclusion(最后最后)等。等。强调强调: indeed，certainly(一定一定)， surely(确定确定)，above all(尤其尤其)等等.对比对比: in the same way(同样地同样地)， just as(正如正如)， on the one hand on the other hand(一方面一方面 另一方面另一方面)等。等。1.1.注意使用词组、习语来代替一些单注意使用词组、习语来代替一些单

16、词，以增加文采。如词，以增加文采。如: : 例例18.18.A new railway is being built in my hometown.二、对于二、对于“较复杂的词汇较复杂的词汇”，可以，可以从从 以下几个方面着手。以下几个方面着手。修正修正A new railway is under construction in my hometown.2.2.使用一些很有使用一些很有“洋味洋味”的单词。如的单词。如: :例例19. Thank you for sharing the time with us.例例20.The way he views the world is very pr

17、actical.3.避免重复使用某一单词或短语。如避免重复使用某一单词或短语。如:例例21. I like reading while my brother likes watching television.修正修正I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.历年历年NMET书面表达的特点书面表达的特点：1.都具备五大要素即都具备五大要素即“五五W” who,what,when,where, why.2.都具备都具备六六个左右的描述要点。个左右的描述要点。3.文章大多由文章大多由十十个左右的句子组成。个左右的句子组成。

18、4.提倡使用提倡使用“语言结构较为复杂、语言结构较为复杂、用法较为地道用法较为地道的精彩句式。的精彩句式。书面表达做题步骤书面表达做题步骤: :1.1.审题找点审题找点(5-7(5-7个个) )2.2.连点成句连点成句( (注意语法注意语法) )3.3.组句成篇组句成篇( (注意衔接注意衔接) )4.4.修改抄写修改抄写( (注意书写注意书写) )书面表达注意事项书面表达注意事项:1)时间有限时间有限(25分钟）分钟）,合理安排。合理安排。 建议建议:两三分钟审题两三分钟审题;十分钟左右十分钟左右 形成初稿形成初稿;三分钟左右反复三分钟左右反复 检查检查;五分钟左右抄写。五分钟左右抄写。2)审

19、清题目审清题目,要点齐全要点齐全,表达准确。表达准确。4)字迹工整字迹工整,卷面整洁。卷面整洁。议论文的步骤：议论文的步骤： 1. 1.定文体定文体-分析写作要求，题目是否分析写作要求，题目是否 要写一篇议论文要写一篇议论文 2. 2.列要点列要点用一两个词或短语写出用一两个词或短语写出 每个细节要点。每个细节要点。 3. 3.组句组句将要点适当展开，写成句子。将要点适当展开，写成句子。 4. 4.写文写文将各句连成短文。将各句连成短文。 假设你是李华，最近国内一家英文报纸正在讨论北京动物园是否应该迁出市区。以下是你所在的班级讨论的情况，请你给该报写一封信，反映讨论结果。（2005年全国卷）赞

20、成迁出：反对迁出：1、游客多，交通阻塞2、郊区环境好1、建于1906年，中外闻名2、搬迁易造成动物死亡组成短文：组成短文： June 3,2005Dear editor, Recently, our class have a heated discussion about whether the Benjing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result i

21、n traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Benjing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years and is wellknown at home and abroad. So it should remain where

22、 it is. Whats more, moving will cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision, which has to be made by people in Benjing. Yours truly, LiHua June 3,2005Dear editor, Recently, our class have a heated discussion about whether the Benjing Zoo should be moved out of the city. S

23、ome of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Benjing Zoo,

24、 built in 1906, has a history of 100 years and is wellknown at home and abroad. So it should remain where it is. Whats more, moving will cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision, which has to be made by people in Benjing. Yours truly, Li Hua 经全国中小学教材审定委员会经全国中小学教材审定委员会2

25、004年审查通过年审查通过 全日制普通高级中学教科书全日制普通高级中学教科书 （必修）（必修） 英语英语 （第三册）（第三册） （供高三年级使用）（供高三年级使用） 人民教育出版社人民教育出版社 Unit 5 Getting the message Reading page 40 Advertising(第二段第二段) People react to advertisements in different ways. Some people find ads useful and entertaining; Others think that they are annoying. Defend

26、ers of ads say that ads help us make informed choices as consumers by introducing good quality products. , critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to mislead us by making us believe that a certain product is better than it really is or that we will be happier if we buy it. （2006年云南省第一次省统测）每年

27、高考前总会有许多“移民考生”设法从录取分数叫高的省份到其他省份参加高考。最近你半同学就此展开讨论，同学们持两种相反意见。请你根据表格中的信息写一篇英语短文，客观反映讨论结果。赞同反对1、想上好的大学，应于理解2、应以公平合理的标准来对待所有考生3、同等分数的考生应有同等的权利和机会1、对当地考生不公平2、不利于当地优秀人才的选拔3、不利于落后地区的发展Migrating Test-takers-Fair or Unfair? Every year some migrating test-takers move from high scoring provinces to other areas

28、 to take the College Entrance Examninations. Recently the students in my class gave gad a discussion about this problem, and wi hold two different views. Some think it understandable for the students to seek to be admitted to a better university. In their opinion, all the college candidates should b

29、e treated with a fair criterion. Whats more, wherever they tale the exams, test-taker with the same grade should enjoy the same opportunity and right to receive higher education. However, others take a quite different stand. They believe that test-takers from high-scoring areas create an unfair situ

30、ation for local test-takers, which will have a bad effect on selecting talents from low-scoring areas. In addition, it will affect the development of less developed areas. Mobile Telephone on Campus （2004年大学四级考试作文题）年大学四级考试作文题）(1)学校园里越来越多的学生拿手机；学校园里越来越多的学生拿手机；(2)手机对学生的影响；手机对学生的影响； (3)你的观点。你的观点。 With

31、the development of science and technology, mobile telephone becomes more and more popular. Even the students on campus begin to use mobile telephone. Is it a good or bad thing? Mobile telephone , on the one hand, is good to the students. For one thing , it enables them to keep in touch with their fr

32、iends and family more conveniently and quickly. For another, it can make the students fashionable and proud. On the other hand, mobile telephone has a negative effect on the students. First , it will cost them more money than before. Second, it will distract them from their study. Third, it will som

33、etimes become a nuisance especially when it rings in class or in the library. In my opinion , it is not good for the students on campus to use mobile telephone . Since the students main purpose on campus is to study , they should pay much attention to their study. If they want to use mobile telephon

34、e , they can use it after graduation。上周，你校同学举行了一场英语辩论会。辩论的上周，你校同学举行了一场英语辩论会。辩论的题目是：题目是：“是否应该发展小起车？是否应该发展小起车？” 参加辩论的参加辩论的同学的意见截然不同。请根据下表所提供的信息，同学的意见截然不同。请根据下表所提供的信息，给某杂志社写篇英语稿件，客观的介绍辩论的情给某杂志社写篇英语稿件，客观的介绍辩论的情况。（况。（2006年高考模拟卷年高考模拟卷 北清学子卷）北清学子卷）A组的意见B组的意见1、应大力发展小汽车1、应限制小汽车的发展2、给人们带来许多方便2、马路太窄，大量的小汽 会造成交

35、通阻塞3、创造就业机会3、造成空气污染4、增强经济实力4、应大力发展公共交通 Last week, we had a debate about whether we should develop small cars. During the debate, Group A said we should develop small cars, since it would bring great convenience to people, create more jobs and greatly strengthen the economy. While Group B thought the

36、 government should limit the number of cars, since most of roads too narrow for a large number of cars. Too many cars would certainly cause traffic jams. Besides, cars would give out large amount of gas, which would cause air pollution. They thought public transportation, such as buses and subways,

37、should be well developed. 人们对于学生网上交友持不同的意见。请你用写人们对于学生网上交友持不同的意见。请你用写一篇关于网上交友的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，一篇关于网上交友的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的观点。并表达自己的观点。（2005年全国高考江西卷）年全国高考江西卷）赞成的理由反对的理由你的看法1、广交朋友2、可以自由表达思想3、利于外语学习1、浪费时间2、影响学习3、可能上当受骗？ Should students make friends on line? Some people say yes. The internet helps make many

38、 friends. Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, and even get help with their foreign language studies. Other, however, think students should not. They say making friends on line is a waste of time , which should be spent more meaningfully on study. Besides,

39、some students get cheated on line. It is my opinion that students should place their study, health and safety before other things. As for friendship we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.三班的同学进行了一场有关英语学习的讨论。讨论的题目是：学习英语要不要从儿童时期开始？请你根据表中的提示写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况。（2004年全国高考湖北卷）一些同学

40、认为一些同学认为另一些同学认为另一些同学认为1、应从儿童时期开始学习、应从儿童时期开始学习英语英语2、儿童时期记忆力好，可、儿童时期记忆力好，可以记住很多单词以记住很多单词3、能为以后的英语学习打、能为以后的英语学习打下坚实的基础下坚实的基础1、不应从儿童时期开始、不应从儿童时期开始学习英语学习英语2。儿童时期既要学汉语。儿童时期既要学汉语拼音又要学英语，易混淆拼音又要学英语，易混淆3、会影响哈于学习和今、会影响哈于学习和今后的英语学习后的英语学习讨论未取得一致意见讨论未取得一致意见 The students of class 3 had a discussion about whether

41、it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. Some of them think that English learning should be from childhood. As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart. This will help them lay a solid foundation for their future English learning . But others do not agree. Young children have to learn Chinese pinyin at school. If they study Chinese pinyin and English at the same time, it will be very easy for them to mix them up. This will do a lot of harm not only to their Chinese learning buy al