主语从句讲解和练习题

1、高考英语主语从句定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是坍词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。 引导主语从句的连接词有：从连词：that, whether ；连接代词：who (idioever), Thom, whose, what (whatever)和 irhich (whichever)；连接副词：when, irfiere, how 和 why。连接词：L 从属连词：that, whether1) that引导主语从句只超引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省 略。2) whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导

2、的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语, 同位语时！不可用if代替。a. That price will go up is certain.b. ffhether they would support us was a problem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。2. 连接代词 who » what , which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who. whom, which, what uf 以和 ever构成合成词，和what-样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导， 它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既

3、有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当徉 种成分。Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question.1) What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that只超引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What不仅 起引导作用，还要充当一宦成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。What we need is money. That he will come

4、is certain.2) whatever / whoever 的用法("everno matter ' 让步状语从句中whatever / whoever町以引导主语从句，并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，不含疑问意义。whatever 相当于 anything that： whoever 相当于 anyone whoo 例如：Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam.Whatever(Anything that) she did was right.3. 连接副词when,

5、where, how. why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当$种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone.When he will be back depends on theweather.When we' 11 start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided.4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长，句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后而作真正的 主语. 例：That we shall be l

6、ate is1)用it作形式主语的结构A.It + be +形容词+(obvious, true, surprising, good,bable.It ISB.如：It isIt isIt*c.certain. It' s certain that we shall be late.true,etc.)如Jcertain that she willthat从句 wonderful, funny,do well inIt + be +名词词组+ that从句her(anpity/shame that. 遗憾的是It is afact that是事实 It is commona pity

7、that we can* t go.It + be +过去分词+ that从句possible, likely, certain, proexam.honours a fact, a p ity, etc)surprise that令人惊奇的是knowledge that是常识(said.It isD如：reported, thought> expected, decided, announced, that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.+不及物动词或短语+ that从句(seenit happen,etCc)如:saidItdoesn* t mat

8、ter turn out)It happenedome or2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从 句：a. Whether they would sup port us was a p roblem. b. It was a p roblem whether they would supportthat I was out that day.It doesn* tmatter whether she will cnot.us.3) 主语从句中的否出前移当用it作形式主语，而将主语从句放在句尾时，主语从句中的否宦词常要前務至主句中。例如：

9、It doesn* t seem that they are from the same university.It doesn* t appear that we* 11 have a sunny day tomorrow.5.注意：1) 主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词。误J They should like each other is natxiral. 正： That they should like each other is natural.2) 在 It + be * suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted

10、/required 中，that 从句的谓语也 应该用“should +动词原形”的形式，should有时可以省略。主语从句中用陈述语序，后而的谓语动词用 第三人称单数. It is suggested that we (should) do the experiment a second time.3) .用于 It is important /' natural / necessary impossible that. 句型中.主语从句应使用虚 拟语气，用"should +动词原形”的形式，should有时可以省略。It is important and necessar

11、y that we (should) keep the balance of nature.4) “what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：常与其后的词作表语一致，且根摇句子的语境而定。eg： What you left are only several old books.What you said is of great importance.5) 在 It is funny, strange, surprising, a pity, a shame, no wonder, etc. + that 从句中，有时 谓语部分用should +动词原形，来表达说话者的感情色彩，此时should tk

12、可省略。6) 语气"It be + adj. /n. + that-clause与强调句型均有It be. that.之类的语言标忠,但不同的是:前者 中的that从句是主语从句.若删掉其中的It be和that.则剩余部分不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句 子;但若将后者中的It be和that去掉，则剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子强调句型译 为汉语时可加上"正是"或"就是"之类的字眼，而主语从句则不可以.It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.令人惊奇的是玛莉竞

13、然获得了第一It is Mary that has won first place正是吗莉得了第一爼【强调】6主语从句的规律：例 1. ffhen will he come is not known. 正：When he will come is not known.规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。例 2, He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.规律二、连词th吐在从句中无实际意义，但不

14、能省略。例 3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.规律三.whether可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能 例 4. That whether he will help others is a fact.正：That he will help others is a fact.规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。例 5. When he will come are a puzzle.

15、 正：When he will come is a puzzle.规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。1. ffhat he needs is that book. 2. ffhat he needs are some books.规律六、what引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用it做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.It is known to all that the earth turns around the s

16、un.a.he said at the meeting surprised us.b.1. what / thatsurprised us.2. if 7 whether you go or stay at home won* t make any differences.3. What a pity is you didn' t arrive by daylight.A. there, because B. it, that C. he, when D. that, for4. no matter how/who/wWe are ready to do the country wan

17、ts us to do.A. whathe turned up at the meeting5. It is a pity he madeA. That6. we* 11A IfB whichCthat you (should) miss an important speech at B. Why C. Whatno matter what D. whatever such a good chance.the meeting was true. D.7.gois known to usA ffhich8. It* s known to usA. water is9. It worried he

18、r a bitcamping tomorrow depends Whether C That is that America AsallBallonHow,the weather D WhereISC Whata developed country .D Itform of energy that water is.aB.her hair was turningC. is waterD. that water togray.A. whether 5. that10. What I say and think A. is B. are his dream of goingThat B. Whet

19、her11.C. what D. when none of your business.C. has D haveto college will come true is uncertain.C. IfD Even ifIt is known to us where there is pollution, there is harm.A. which B. where C. what D. thatI saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. it made me nearly mad.A. That he broke B.

20、What he broke C. He broke D. His break14. It remains a question we can get so much money in such a short time.A. how B. that C. when D. what15. He made a promise anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A. that5. if C. whatD. that if16. They lost their way in the forest andmade matters worse

21、wasA. what： thatB* it： thatC. what： whenD. which; what17. that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A. It is said B. They are said C. It said D. It says12.13.night began to fall.19.A.It20._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.What B. That C. How D Where worried Mary a lot sheA. whet

22、her B if C. that D._ is no possibilitywould pass the college entrance examination, howBob will win the first prize in the match.21.22.A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whethersurprised me most was such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A. That; what B. What; that

23、 C. That： that D. What; what helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. The personshe23.lessons.A. What;24. It wascouldn* t understand wasfewer and fewer students showed interest in herwhy B. That; why C. What; because D. ffhy; that he said disappointed me.A. W

24、hat： that B. That; that C. What; what D. That;what25.26. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. Itleaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who27.28. Is this factoryA. that B. where C. in which D

25、. the one29. When and why he came here yet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not30. is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. ffhoever D. Whateverknown D. have not knowny

26、ou visited the other day?B. Owing to a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late31. Tom liked to eat was different fromA. Thatthat you had expected B. What that you had expectedC. Thatwhat you had expected D. What-*what you had expected32. we go swimming every day us a lot of good.A. If do B That

27、. do C. If does D. That. does33. It Bob drives badly.A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that34.It* s uncertain the experiment is worth doing.A. if B. that C. whether D. how35. the boy didn t take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which36. we can t get seems better than we have.A. ffhat, what B. ff