高三英语：阅读基础训练--猜测词义ppt课件

1、福田中学欢迎您能力类别1999 2000 200120011.推理判断45442.分析综合33533.猜测词义44244.作者意图、态度 4415.归纳中心、主题 11246.理解事实43457. 逻辑排列1猜测词义 When a contractor is ready to begin construction of a superhighway，he makes a preliminary study of the drawings and blueprints supplied by the engineers. He gains mental picture of the whole

2、job before he begins actual construction答案答案A. preparatory。 preliminary和和preparatory的前缀都是的前缀都是pre，表示，表示“预先的预先的意思，又根据常识，凡是搞工程建设在着手意思，又根据常识，凡是搞工程建设在着手建造时一定要作建筑前期准备，包括研究审建造时一定要作建筑前期准备，包括研究审查工程师的设计图纸等。故查工程师的设计图纸等。故A为唯一正确选为唯一正确选项。项。A.preparatory B.extensive C.scientific D.necessary一、学习同义词三、找线索，找信息词，判断新单词

3、二、学习反义词四、根据上下文判断新词汇的确切意思 1.Exercise for understanding the words从从A、B C、D选项中排出所给单词的同义词选项中排出所给单词的同义词.1desire A. health B. wealth C. security D.want2fast A. easy B. rapid C. slow D. furious3mistake A. check B. fury C. error D. figure4fault A. cunning B. mistake C. dizzy D. silly5purpose A. will B. thre

4、ad C. interest D. intent6employ A. pay B. fire Chire D. direct7choose A. appoint B. elect C. defeat D. honour8last Afirst Bfinal Cinitial Donly9stillAcalm Bstormy Cwarm Dnoisy10harm Akill Binjure Cheal Dtreat一、学习同义词，扩大词汇量1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10)3mistake A. check B. fury C. error D. figure2fast

5、 easy rapid slow furious1desire health wealth security want Exercise A从从A、B C、D选项中排出所给选项中排出所给单词的近义词单词的近义词. 5purpose A. will B. thread C. interest D. intent4fault A. cunning B. mistake C. dizzy D. sillyA.B.C.D.A. B. C. D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.6employ A. pay B. fire Chire D. direct7choose A. appoint B. elec

6、t C. defeat D. honour8last Afirst Bfinal Cinitial Donly9stillAcalm Bstormy Cwarm Dnoisy10harm Akill Binjure Cheal Dtreat二、学习英语反义词，扩大词汇量：从 A、 B、 C、 D中选出所给单词的反义词：1right Afaulty Bcorrect Cwrong Dlight2gradual Ahasty Bsudden Cquick Dstrange3money Apoverty Bmoney Criches Dcost4sameness A. humour B. mixtu

7、re C. variety D. interest5unite A.join B.divide C. fuse D. tie6danger A. guard B. safety C. security D.lane7unlike A. dislike Bsimilar Ccopied Dtricky8smallestAbiggest Boldest Cheavy Dfat1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)2、学习英语反义词，扩大词汇量：从 A、 B、 C、 D中选出所给单词的反义词：1right Afaulty B. correct Cwrong Dlight2gradual Ah

8、asty Bsudden Cquick Dstrange3money Apoverty Bmoney Criches Dcost4sameness A. humour B. mixture C. variety D. interest5unite A.join B.divide C. fuse D. tie6danger A. guard B. safety C. security D.lane7unlike Adislike Bsimilar Ccopied Dtricky8smallestAbiggest Boldest Cheavy Dfat三、从句子或文段中找线索，找信息词，判断新单词

9、，扩大词汇量： lTwelveyearold Sally was an active girl，but her sister was quite sedate A. pretty B. calm C. protective D. energetic Example:【解析】答案为 B calm。句中的 but合符逻辑，指明sedate正是active的反义词。calm实为sedate的同义词或近义词。这样but就成为寻找sedate这个生词意思的答案的线索或信息词了。B1) He found an unpretentious job as a wheeler of cement水泥and lo

10、ved being unnoticed. unshowy B. unluckyC. easy D. unhappy2) Alberts success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence.A. time B. competitionC. perseverance D. beginning againA.being unnoticed.loved3) He felt very alone; he had lived in Baltimore City for a month and had met no o

11、ne in the inhospitable city.A. unfriendly B. uncomfortableC. unhealthy D. enormous4) An occasional respite during a long evening of study is desirable. Tom often takes a short breath between chapters or between assignments.A. test B. review C. drink D. rest5) She sneered, You are the worst type of p

12、arasite. You make me sick! You take our friendship and love, but you give nothing of yourself! A. person B. enemyC. friend D. one who lives on another5) I want to stay in New York, but my friend tried to dissuade me.A. deceive B. frightenC. Talk out of it D. accompany四、根据上下文判断新词汇的确切意思典型例句分析。例题：Tom c

13、ant find his sneakers.A.Money B. bowls C. shoes解释Tom cant find his white sneakersA.Money B. bowls C. shoesTom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers.A.Money B. bowls C. shoes【解析】sneakers中学课本中未出现过的新词。根据英语语法，A。B、C代入句子中都正确一。作为名词的A、B、C代人句中意思也说得通。但在speakers前加一个修饰语white就成为Tom cant fi

14、nd his white sneakers那么 A领则可去掉，答案则可能是B和C。 而在这句的前面再加一层意思，这就是：Tom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers. 这样一看就知道bowls(碗与打网球没有什么联系，而shoes与打网球却有密切联系，不穿鞋怎么打网球呢？C就成为唯一正确选项。启示： 这一阅读理解练习的特点是每一题都看三个句子，每后一句总比前一句多一层新意思，每一题都有一个相同划线部分的词语。必须学会根据上下文提供的信息，结合一定的常识才能推理判断出新词语的准确意思。lJane is usual

15、ly prompt. Alate Bon time Cpleased四、根据上下文判断新词汇的确切意思。判断词义，根据上下文，选出各题划线词语的准确的答案。 Jane is usually prompt for her classes Alate B. on time，C. pleasedJane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class. Alate Bon time Cpleased Tom saw an owl in a tree last night Aa

16、 bird Ban animal Cthe sun2Tom saw an owl last night Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sunTom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sun3The boy wants a pony Adog Bcat ChorseThe boy wants a brown pony Adog Bcat Chorse The boy wants to ride a brown pony. Adog Bcat Chorse

17、4） He rejected the advice Atook Brefused CmadeHe rejected the advice his teacher gave him Atook Brefused Cmade Since he rejected the advice his teacher gave him，he failed in the exam Atook Brefused Cmade5The children are looking at an ape. Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of snake Ca kind of bird The child

18、ren are looking at an ape at the zoo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of snake Ca kind of birdThe children are looking at a large, hairy(毛的) ape at the zoo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of snake Ca kind of bird6The trout is very cheap Afish Bfruit Capple The fresh trout is very cheap Afish Bfruit CappleThe fre

19、sh trout is very cheap, but I dont know how to cook it Afish Bfruit Capple7Jack was injured this morning A. ill Bhurt Csad Jack was injured this morning，and he could not come to school A. ill Bhurt CsadJack was injured when he played basketball this morning，and he could not come to schoolA. ill Bhur

20、t Csad8) The lady asked the waitress to get her a saucer Aa glass Ba cake Ca small plate The lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer Aa glass Ba cake Ca small plateThe lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on Aa glass Ba cake Ca small plate 9)We seldom see

21、 a sparrow now. Aa kind of dog Ba kind of plane Ca kind of birdwe seldom see a sparrow in the sky Aa kind of dog Ba kind of plane Ca kind of birdwe seldom see a sparrow in the sky because the air is not so clean now as used to be Aa kind of dog Ba kind of plane Ca kind of bird 10)The plane didnt tak

22、e off on time Aarrive Bleave Csee The plane didnt take off on time Aarrive Bleave Csee All the Passengers got on the plane， but the plane didnt take off on time Aarrive Bleave Csee10) The quiz will be on Monday Agame Bclass CtestThe quiz for English will be on Monday Agame Bclass Ctest Im sure to pass the quiz for English on Monday Agame Bclass CtestAnswers答案：1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. C你都答对了吗？例题： All the students in Toms class except Dick passed the