自考基础英语复习资料

1、、名词和短语的英汉互译：1.Quota一配额、定量maintenance 维持、保持tariff barriers 关税壁垒invalid contract 合同monopolistic competition 性竞争depreciation=devaluationinventory f 货清单cost effectiveness 效益direct/indirect tax 直接/间接税the required reserve 法定最低储备金economics of scale 规模经济packaging material 包装材料inferior product 残次品manufacture

2、d goods 成品survey report 调查报告consumer goods一消费品export/import quota 出口/进 口配额claim 索赔technical expertise 一技术知识compensation trade补偿贸易raw material 一原材料traffic jam 一交通阻塞subsidiary company 一分公司 multilateral trade 多边贸易 service trade一服务贸易 trade gap一贸易差额 assembly line 一生产线 planned/market economy 一计戈U 加场经济 Uni

3、versal Product Code 一产品统一条形码 visible/invisible trade 有形/无形贸易 insurance policy 一保险单 excess reserves-额夕卜储备金 free port 一自由港 public interest 一公共利益 comparative advantage 一比较优势 trail order 一试订单 foreign-trade zones 一夕卜贸保税区 sole agent一独家代理 registered trade mark 一注册商标 geographic area一地理位置 standardized contai

4、ner一标准集装箱 delivery rate 一运费 target market 一目 标市场 fraud 一欺诈annal revence/annual gain 一年收入means of production 一生产资料 retained profits 一留存收益 advertising media 一广告媒介 Gross National Product 国民生产总值 Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值 consumption expenditures 一消费品支出 credit ration 一信用额度 know-how 一专有技术 tax exemptio

5、ns 一税收减免 demand curve 一需求曲线 income tax 一所得税 joint venture 一合资企业 interest charge一禾 U 息费 working capital 一营运资金 board of directors 一董事会 work permits 一工作许可 regular port 普通港 productive capacity 一生产能力 labor force 一劳动力 transportation mode 一运输方式 infrastructure 一基础设施 barter trade一易货贸易 premium 一保险费44 / 41weat

6、her conditions 一天气条件market share一市场份额investment expenditure 一投资性支出profit position 一盈利状况communication system 一通讯系统energy crisis 一能源危机inflation rate 一通货膨胀率fair dealing 一公平交易financial institution 一金融机构retailer 一零售商terms of payment 一付款方式technology transfer 一技术转让a confirm offer 一实盘disposable可支的收入shopping

7、 center一购物中心economic crisis 一经济危机a price-and-market mechanism 市场价格机制the supply and demand apparatus一供求机制inventory carrying costs 一存货占用成本replacement cost一重置费用money market一货币市场capital-output ratio 资本产出比率the differentiation of the product 一产品鉴另1Jintangible factors 一无形因素demand schedule一需求计戈 Ubetter qual

8、ity products at good values 一物美价廉的商品a dead-end job一没有出路的工作lower the cost 降低成本put on the market 一投放市场mass-production 一批量生产artificial silk 一人造丝in the red 一赤字preferential credit treasures 优惠的信用措施an industrialized country 一工业化国家a merchant fleet 商船船队checkout counter一收款台interpersonal relations 人际关系downtow

9、n business district 一城市商业区checking accounts 一活期存款帐户high repeat exposure很高的重复接触率underwriting 一承保hypothetical economy 一假设经济capital equipment 一资本设备demand/supply elasticity 一需求 /供给弹性in random fashion 一 以任意的形式economic literature 一经济学文献monopoly elements 一垄断要素rational, thought-out decision 一深思熟虑的理智的决定insur

10、er 一承保人taxpayer一纳税人、单选中易考的短语和句式：the average person： 般人make- into : 把制成 payfor：为了得到 而付钱make profit :盈利；赚钱as far as sth. Is concerned： 就 一 而言on average：平均last for ever ： 一直用下去look after = take care of: 照看； 照料once in a lifetime : 一辈子一次的，难得的persuade sb to do sth：劝说某人做某事persuade sb out of sth/doing sth ：

11、劝说某人不要做某事throw away :丢弃lead to:导致trade in sth for sth else:以一物换取另一物out of fashion : 过时in fashion :流行turn - into : 使 变成 get into trouble :陷入困境be at work:在起作用go down：（物价）下降，下跌in the meanwhile : 在此期间in limited quantities : 有限的数量go into sth :加入：开始做strive to do sth ：努力做某事protect from:使免受的伤害be harmful to

12、sth : 对 有害first of all :首先be composed of：由组成， 构成be labled as :贴上 标签be on guard： 警惕take sth for granted ：认为某事当然，想当然in the order of: 依 次序trick sb into doing sth :诱使某人做某事suffer from sth :遭受（疾病、灾难等）as a result of：由于under pressure：处于压力之下warn sb of （against） sth： 警告、告诫drive sb to suicide :逼得某人自杀point out:

13、指出run away from : 逃离move house：搬家fall ill ：生病in times of :在时候take up：从事；开始做 to tail after a man : 尾随某人be in good (poor) health：健康情况好(差)commit a crime : 犯罪as with :如同 那样lose one s le a映去领先地位change hands：转手、易手leadin：在哪方面居领先地位be designed to：目 的是add to：提高、增加do away with :消灭、消除check out：付账后离开protection a

14、gainst the cold : 御寒in many different climates :在不同的气候条件下spin sth into yarn : 把 纺成纱guard a secret：保守秘密be known as: 被称为by no means： 决不by means of ：用 、依靠go as high as percentage高达 的百分比arrange for sb to do sth ：安排某人做某事take a train:乘火车hold on to :抓住 不放enter into business： 开始经商according to -：根据 in genera

15、l ： 一般地、大体上get used to = become accustomed to : 习惯于 complain about: 抱怨apply to ：适用于get along with:与相处at least：至少deal in sth ：经营 slow down :减速provide sb with sth :为某人提供某物be in use：正在使用中place of historical interest :名胜古迹get around： 各处旅行come to the conclusion that : 得至U 的结论是 be chartered for sth：被租来做某事

16、have (no) trouble/difficulty in doing sth : 做某事有困难be superior to ： 比 优越mix with : 与 混合combine with :与化合on earth：在世间 separate - from 把 和一 分开use up：用完an aid to sth ：对有所帮助inform sb of sth :通知某人某事go beyond ：超越create a desire for :激发对 的需求take advantage of：禾U用 ；占便宜at this point:此时此刻for emotional motives :

17、出于情感compete with (against) sb for sth：为了得到某物而与某人竞争remain in ones mind己在心、里get the attention of:吸弓 I 的注意get down to do sth ：开始认真做某事have advantage in doing sth： 做有好处prefer to do sth rather than do sth :愿意做 而不愿做 to be limited by : 受限于 to confine to ：把局限于一in a position to do : 能够做have a effect on：对有影响，有

18、作用be aimed at：以为目的relate to： 与 有关associate with ： 与 联系在一起be subject to：受的控制in a search for = in search of: 寻找、寻求lead up：弓I入in addition to :除之外couple with :与相结合add to：增加trace to：追溯到engage in sth： 从事 be in operation : 正在运转come into operation : 实施、生效at large:普遍地be inclined to :倾向于；赞同in effect:实质上to be

19、pessimistic about:对感到悲观on- side:支持step in 7介入bine to：使束缚于make- possible to : 使成为可能by contrast:相比之下break into :闯入come across：路上偶遇某人pull though :使康复settle up：清偿，还清债务make up for：弥补，补偿 put up with :忍受，容忍bestowed by： 赐予的be obliged to :不得不in terms of:在方面specialize in ： 专门从事 merge with： 于联合，结合appeal to：呼吁b

20、e exposed to：使遭受、面对take in ：接收，吸收prior to :从前的occasioned by：由一 造成的be sufficient to : 足以 to be pivotal in :起着关键作用take - into account：考虑至U in a swarm : 成群，大批be aware of: 知晓come up against： 面对 的困难be ascribed to： 归结于in excess of： 超过keep pace with :与并驾齐驱in the aggregate： 总计be paired with : 与 配对out of har

21、mony with : 与 不协调yearned for： 渴望，向往be charmed with : 被 一 迷住in consequence：因止匕replace - with :用 代替一invest in :在上投资be reference to： 作为 的参考risk doing sth ：做某事是有风险的attempt at doing sth :企图做某事take sth apart：拆开，拆散leave of：停止must have done：表示对过去的推测piggy-back service ：背负式运输服务vary with sth :随而变化held out:提出，主

22、张anything but: 决不是nothing but:只不过，仅仅是自考基础英语英汉互译前十分白拿两份报纸 two copies of newspaper块月巴皂 a bar of soap一件家具 a piece of furniture把剪刀 a pair of scissors丢弃 throw away陷入困境 get into trouble工业产品 industrial goods农产品agriculture goods辈子次性的收获a one-in-a-lifetime acquisition没有出路的工作a dead-end job付一大笔钱 pay good money过

23、时 be out of fashion流行 be in the fashion批量生产 mass-production降低成本 lower the cost在起彳用 be at work物美价廉的产品better quality products at good values所得税 income tax投放市场 put on the market小批量 in limited quantities大量地 in large quantities要求ask for下降 go down从商 go into business努力做某事 strive to do sth.医疗设备 medical devi

24、ce劣质产品 inferior products一条面包 a loaf of bread温和宽容的 easy- going人造丝 artificial silk假牙 artificial teeth对 有害 be harmful to警惕 be on guard认为某事当然take sth for granted由 组成 be composed of一个中年妇女a middle-aged women一些性格开朗的女孩an open-minded girl个意志软弱的人a weak-minded man个意志坚强的人a strong-minded soldier遭受 suffer from由于压

25、力 as a result of stress警告信号 warning signals交通阻塞traffic jam指出 point out逃离 run away from自杀 commit suicide从事摄影 take up photography高度工业化国家a highly industrialized country工业生产 industrial production制成品 manufactured goods领先 take over the lead失去领先地位lose one s lead赤字 in the red就而aS as far as is concerned易手 ch

26、ange hands赚钱 earn money金融中心 a financial centre贸易中心 a commercial centre国际贸易 international trade夕卜贸 foreign trade商船船队 a merchant fleet巨额金钱 vast sums of money一大笔钱 a large sum of money对付，处理 deal with有形贸易 visible trade无形贸易 invisible trade贸易差额 trade gap失血 loss of blood高度机械化的工厂highly mechanized factory产品统一

27、条形码universal product code黑白相间的条纹 zebra stripes (or black and white stripes )斑马线 zebra crossing油炸土豆片 potato chips炸薯条 French fries黑白电视机 black and white televisions墨画 black and white身上青一块紫一块be black and blue光学扫描器 an optical scanner激光束 laser beam目 的是 be designed to消灭，消除 do away with付账后离开 check out到达登记 c

28、heck in现金出纳机 cash register在左边 on the left side收款台 check out counter原材料 raw materials制成品 manufactured goods近在手边at hand衣夹 clothes-peg晒衣绳 clothes-line桌布 a tablecloth洗碗布 a dishcloth洗碗机 a dishwasher原始人 primitive people现代人 modern people穿着 be dressed in从上舌ij去 scrape - from把 纺成 spin - into 把 制成 make-into400

29、0 万年前 over four thousand years ago在远古时 in the time immemorial富人和穷人样the rich and the poor alike想到 think of剪去cut off讲故事 spin a yarn保守秘密 keep a secret直接税 direct taxes间接税 indirect taxes收入所得税 income taxes纳税人 taxpayer税务员 tax-collector免税的tax-free国税 state taxes地方税 local taxes穷人 the poor富人 the rich年轻人 the yo

30、ung老年人the old高达 as high as以形势 in the form of政府机关 government offices凭借 by means of在某个星期一的早晨on a Monday morning在星期的早晨on Monday morning乘火车 take train乘公共汽车 take bus布莱克一家 the Blacks向某人道另1J say goodbye to sb.向某人道歉 say sorry to sb.每隔 几分钟 every few minutes每隔一天 every other day每隔一行 every other line不久以后 shortl

31、y afterwards通向lead to抓牢 hold on to打鸡蛋 a dozen eggs在阳光下in the sun注意 pay attention to继续作某事 keep (on) doting好像as if自信 self-confidence自信的 self-confident自大的 self-important自助的 self-service自给自足的 self-sufficient自学的 self-taught般的 in general确信 be sure of习惯于 become accustomed to抱怨 complain about说实话 tell the tr

32、uth说谎 tell a lie适用于 apply to处理 deal with依赖于 depend on必修课 a required course同 ,相处 get along with考虑 think about日复一日 from day to day从始自终 from beginning to end每况愈下 from bad to worse减速 slow down在使用中 in use不再使用 out of use免费入场 admission free免所得税 free of income tax免费获得某物 get sth. free再步行一段路即可到达的距离之内within wa

33、lking distance探知，查明 find out得至 U 以下结论come to the conclusion that得出结论 draw a conclusion交通高峰时间rush hours交通拥挤 traffic jams援助计戈U aid program视觉教具 visual aids助听器 hearing-aid捏粘土 work clay揉面团 work dough定数量的 a certain amount of大量地 in large amounts小额地 in small amounts优于 be superior to劣于 be inferior to把与相混合 mi

34、xwith把与分开 separate - from把 分成 separate into用尽 use up表现了 的特点 be characteristic of究竟，至U底 on earth五大湖区 the Grate Lakes region通知某人某事 inform sb of sth.禾U用 take advantage of准备某事 be ready to do sth.彳艮容易拿至U within easy reach够不至U out of reach想出，熟思 think out吸引一的注意 get the attention of食品杂货店 grocery store为竞争 co

35、mpete for干得好 do a good jobt己在心、里 remain in one s mind收款台 checkout counter国营公司 state-owned company合资公司 joint ventures白雪覆盖的山顶 snow-covered peak糖衣药丸 sugar-coated pills营业时间 business hors因公 on business开始谈正事 get down to business激烈的竞争 strong competition通货膨胀inflation顺差 surplus城市商业区 downtown business distric

36、t保险业 insurance不断的 never-ending受限于 be limited by被认为是 be perceived as把 局限于 confine to为了一切有实用价值的目的for all practical purposes能够做 in the position to do使变成turnto对,有影响 have an effect on总纲 general principles以为目的be aimed at与相关的relate to与 联系在一起 associate with太阳能 solar power受 一 的控制 be subjected to弓 I入 lead up通

37、讯系统 communication system能源危机 an energy crisis财政危机 a financial crisis业余画家 an amateur painter业余摄影家 an amateur photographer道德的基础 the basis of morality柱基 the base of a pillar自然现象 the phenomena of nature故意的 on purpose商业车艮行 a commercial bank金融机构 a financial institution金融中心 a financial centre财政困难 in financ

38、ial difficulties与生俱来的特权the privileges of birth活期存款账户checking accounts定期存款账户savings accounts州政府 the state government联邦政府 the federal government答应一项帮助grant a favor答应一项请求grant a request发给车艮行执照grant a charter to the bank定量的资产 a specified volume of assets遵循一定的常规follow certain practices隶属于州的银行state banks国

39、家专艮行 national banks活期存款 demand deposits与 相结合 couple with部分准备制的原理the fractional reserve principle在任何一次 at any one time可用，握有 on hand公债 government loans内债 domestic loans外债 foreign loans可能的买主 a prospective buyer增力口了 increase by增加到 increase to被看作 be counted as防备取款 a precaution against withdrawals追溯到trace

40、 to法定最低储备金 the required reserve额夕卜储备金 excess reserves就意义而言 in the sense在某种意义上 in a sense自由港 free port夕卜贸保税区 foreign-trade zones经济特区 special economic zones从事于政治 engage in politics忙着工作 be engage in business与某人订婚 be engage to sb.普通港口 a regular port中东 the Middle East远东 the Far East近东 the Near East关税壁垒 t

41、ariff barriers起作用,生效 in operation为 付关税 pay a tariff on 索价，要价 chargefor原材料 raw material制成品 manufactured products码头工人 dock workers造船厂，修船所 dockyard内河航行 inland navigation国内工业 home industries国内产品 home products国内贸易 the home trade国内市场 the home market美国国会 the United States Congress外贸保税区法the Foreign Trade Zo

42、nes Act（英国）议院的法案 An Act of Parliament（美国）国会的法案 The Acts of congress外贸保税区管理委员会the Foreign Trade Zone Board董事会 the Board of Directors国际商务局 the Bureau of International Commerce天津商检局 Tianjin Commodity Inspection Bureau美国商业吾B United States Department of Commerce市场经济 market economy计戈 U 经济 planned economy决

43、定性的测验the crucial test决定性的问题the crucial question在重要的关头at the crucial moment以分散的方式 in a decentralized fashion市场价格机制a price-and-market mechanism技术工 skilled labor劳工与雇主之间的关系labor relations工党 the Labor Party纯粹的形式 a pure form英国工业革命the English Industrial Revolution法国大革命 The French Revolution普遍地at large倾向于做某

44、事be inclined to do sth.全社会 society at large有 倾向的 be subject to由 产生的 stem from实质上，根本上 in effect供求机制 the supply and demand mechanism完全承袭 传统in the full tradition of对于 感到悲观 be pessimistic about对于感到乐观 be optimistic about指出 point out个人禾U益 private interest社会禾 U 益 society interest支持某人 on sb s side获胜，击败 triu

45、mph over高度计戈U的社会主义经济highly planned socialist economies用这样或那样的方式 in one way or another介入 step in决不 by no means当然，必定 by all means就而言 as far as - is concerned比较禾 U 益 comparative advantage把从解放出来freefrom使束缚于bindto生产过程 production processes比较利益原则 the law of comparative advantage指而言 refer to把 比作为 compare to

46、适用于 be applicable to使适应,使适合 be geared to/toward为某事给某人报酬或奖赏reward sb for sth把应用于，使用于 applyto归类程序 sorting process彼止匕 one another相比之下 by contrast卷入 involve in完完全全的自 由贸易perfectly free commerce致力于 devote to对有益处的 be beneficial to整个社会的普遍利益the universal good of the whole独特的力量 the peculiar powers大批量生产 mass p

47、roduction总的生产规模the general mass of productions总收益 general benefit商业往来 commercial intercourse文明世界 the civilized world把 用于 employ - in不得不做某事be obliged to do sth.在方面低劣inferio门n在方面优越 superior in交换 in exchange for对一 有利 be advantageous for使从转移到 divert fromto标准化集装箱standardized containers集装箱运输 container tra

48、nsport陆运 overland transportation海运 sea transportation空运 air transportation水运 water transportation管道运输 pipeline transportation联运 combined transport承运人 carrier托运人 consignor收货人 consignee铁路运单 consignment note空运单 air waybill租船合 同 charter party提单 bill of lading订舱单 booking note重新占领市场 regain market share背负式

49、运输服务piggy-back service从方面来讲in terms of专门从事 specialize in与,一 结合 merge with失效，崩溃 break down存货占用成本 inventory carrying costs短途送货 short-distance distribution长途送货 long distance distribution汽车装运的货物trucked goods空运货物 air freight基础设施 infrastructure广告媒介 advertising media天天, 逐日 from day to day并肩地，相互支持地side by s

50、ide说出，（尤指无意间）吐露 throw out吐露秘密 throw out a secret有吸引力，引起兴趣appeal to目标观众 target audiences有线电视 cable television有线电视广告收入cable ad revenues使遭受，面对 be exposed to抛却，扔掉 throw away旧货商 a junk dealer预付费用 the advance cost成本效益 cost effectiveness被分为 be segmented into（广播中的）答问节目talk shows解释，说明 account for使（某人）信服 conv

51、ince - of 相当提前 well in advance有 倾向的 be subject to有很高的重复接触率high repeat exposure保险 insurance保险额 insurance value保险公司 insurance company保险范围 insurance coverage保险费 insurance premium作为对 的报答in return for防御 protect against不愿意做某事 be unwilling to do经商,经营 in business因公有事 on business赚钱 make a profit收入，接受，吸收 take

52、 in付钱（如福清费用）pay out投保人 policyholder保险单policy建于 之上 be based on索价，要价 charge for毛禾 1 gross profit净禾 1 net profit国民生产总值 gross national product统计学原理 a statistical principle大数定律 law of larger numbers随 变动 vary with在相反的,情形下in the opposite situation使恢复 bring sb back to在 之前 prior to为此目的 toward this end由于而发生 r

53、esult from导致 result in故意行为 an intentional act放火纵火 set fire to sth在欺诈的,情况下in cases of fraud有助于，促成 contribute to重置费用 replacement cost资本支出 capital expenditure资本货物 capital goods固定资本fixed capital流动资本 floating capital资本积累 accumulation of capital原始资本积累primitive accumulation of capital把 用于 employ in以同样的方式 in the same manner有几分，有点儿 in a manner补偿贸易 compensation trade在和平时期 in time of peace在战争时期 in time of war足够的 a sufficiency of sth迫使某人做某事oblige sb to do sth侵占，侵害 encroach upon/on预定，命中注定be destined for由,一 所造成的 be occasioned by在大多数,情况下upon most occasions在那个时机 on that occasion曾经