论旅游英语的特征(定稿)

1、河北师范大学高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文题目:论旅游英语的特征 专业:英语考生姓名:王涯南考生所在单位:河北外国语职业学院准考证号:037709100265导师姓名:逯娅 完成日期： 2011年 月 日The Characteristics of Tourism EnglishBYZhu HuaProf.Gao Zhihuai，tutorSubmitted to the B.A. Committee in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the English Depar

2、tment of Hebei Teachers University March 15, 2011 摘要随着中国旅游业及相关产业的发展和完善，越来越多的外国游客来华旅游观光。虽然这些外国游客并不都是来自英语国家，但英语作为全球应用最广泛的语言，正在被各国人们学习和应用。为更好接待各国游客，使其沟通顺畅，提高游客满意度，旅游英语作为交流工具，无疑在国际旅游业中发挥越来越重要的作用。尽管很多高校和旅游企业都在加强学生和员工的专业性，但对旅游英语的显著特征把握不到位。 旅游英语属于特殊用途英语的一个重要分支，有其自身的特征和规则。虽然旅游英语的特征涉及广泛，但笔者找准焦点，从旅游英语的语言技能，翻译

3、出发，分析了旅游英语在其听、说、读、写各方面的特征及其单词短语，句子，导游词的翻译，并指出旅游英语与文化的紧密联系。最后笔者将语言性特征分析推进到当今其旅游英语从业人员的特征，是从旅游英语语言本身到其应用的结合，更贴近实际。 关键词: 旅游英语; 语言技能; 翻译; 从业人员AbstractCurrently, with the development and improvement of Chinese tourism and some related industries, more and more foreign tourists come to China to have a see

4、sight. Although not all the foreign tourists come from the English-speaking countries, indeed, English has become a tool of communication in many countries and widely uesd. In order to receive the foreign tourists professionally and satisfy the guests with qulified work, tourism English has become t

5、he most important to the staffs who work for the International travel agencies. Though the students of the tourism English major and the staffs of this trade are taught to be more and more professional, they cant grasp the features of tourism English fundamentally.Tourism English belongs to an impor

6、tant branch of English for Special Purposes. It has its own special features and laws. The contents of characteristics of tourism English range widely, however, the author begins with the features of tourism English language skills and the translation, introducing the features of listening, speaking

7、, reading and writing skills and the translation of words and phrases, sentences, the tour guide speech as well as the cultural elements. Whats more, the author proceeds the language itself into the application which analyzes practitioners of tourism English. Thus, the language and the application c

8、an get interacted and make the knowledge more practical. Key Words: Tourism English; language skills ; translation; application Contents摘要IVAbstractVIntroduction1Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English Language Skills21.1 The Characteristics of Tourism English Listening21.1.1 Special Recordin

9、g Way21.1.2 Two Listening Environments21.1.3 Different Accents31.2 The Characteristics of Tourism English Speaking31.2.1 The Emotions41.2.2 Working for the English Commentary and Social Intercourse41.2.3 Oral Speaking Way51.3 The Characteristics of Tourism English Reading51.3.1 Reading of Tourism Bo

10、oks51.3.2 Reading of English Books61.3.3 Reading of Tourism English Books61.4 The Characteristics of Tourism English Writing61.4.1 Connecting with Tourism Documents61.4.2 Connecting with Tour Coordinator61.4.3 Publicizing the Tourism Industry7Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English Translatio

11、n72.1 Word and Phrase Translation72.1.1 Mistakes of Some Literal Translations72.1.2 Proper Nouns82.1.3 Exact Wording102.2 Sentence Translation102.2.1 Avoiding Ambiguity102.2.2 Few Difficult Grammaticals Structures112.2.3 Consistent with the Style of the Entire Article112.3 Guide Speech Translation12

12、2.3.1 Welcome Speech122.3.2 Speech on the Way122.3.3 Speech Inside Scenic Spots132.3.4 Speech Back142.3.5 Farewell Speech142.4 The Tight Relationship Between Culture and Tourism English Translation142.4.1 The Historical Culture and Tourism English Translation152.4.2 The Religions and Tourism English

13、 Translation152.4.3 The Aesthetic Way and Tourism English Translation152.4.4 The Thinking Way and Tourism English Translation162.4.5 The Allusions and Tourism English Translation16Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English Practitioners173.1 The Personal Qualities173.1.1 Physical Quality173.1.2

14、Ideological and Moral Quality173.1.3 Personality183.1.4 Scientific and Cultural Quality183.2 Skillful Tourism Knowledge and English Knowledge Application193.3 The Ability of Penetration of Different Cultures193.4 Sense of Patriotism19Conclusion20Acknowledgements21Bibliograpghy22Introduction Currentl

15、y, with the development and the Opening Policys expansion of our country, China has joined hands with the world countries and tourism industry flourishes, thus more and more foreign guests come to China to experience the culture, history, even the food. On the other hand, English plays more and more

16、 important role on the international stage. To cater to the development of the society, the mean of connecting Tourism Industry and English has come into being, which is called Tourism English. Without Tourism English, the tourism industry cant get booming in such short time. Tourism English is the

17、English language used for tourism. According to “Cambridge International Dictionary of English”, tourism is “the business of providing services such as transport, places to stay or entertainment, for people who are on holiday”. Yuan Xian-quan and Zhao Fa hold: “ Tourism English is used in the servic

18、es of miscellaneous sectors of tourism industry including all introductions in English concerning travel agency, travel services, tourists attractions at home and abroad, natural or man-made landscape, catering culture in tourism, shopping in tourism, transportation in tourism, regulations in touris

19、m, etc.” It shows that the scope of Tourism English is very wide, which has been used for all kinds of departments in tourism industry. Tourism English belongs to the English for Special Purposes, which is used for particular and restricted types of communication and contains lexical, grammatical, a

20、nd other linguistic characteristics which are different from general language. Compared with Business English and English Education etc, Tourism English has its unique distinctive features on many different aspects. The thesis will analyze the characteristics of Tourism English in three respects, in

21、cluding the Tourism English language skills, the translation as well as the features of the English tour practitioners. The author will explain each of them in the following thesis.Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English Language Skills In the hotel and tourism industries, English language sk

22、ills are both a daily requirement and essential for career advancement. Listening, speaking, reading and writing can be regarded as the four elements of the language skills. The four skills are entirety, so we cant study or use them separately. In terms of tourism English, it has its own features on

23、 these four skills. 1.1 The Characteristics of Tourism English Listening As we all know, with the development of the world, people of different countries tend to speak English. When we communicate with others, listening can be considered the most important. Once understanding the meaning of their wo

24、rd, we can communicate with them smoothly. Tourism English has some distinctive features in the following respects: Special Recording WayWhen tour guides carry out their tour activities, they cant have paper and pen with them for their conversation. They must record all the information in mind, espe

25、cially the demands of their guests. Thus, the tour guide must keep their mind fresh and choose the key points of their conversation, then write them in mind not the notebook, especially the exact gathering place, the room and coach number, the date and the time they arranged. Two Listening Environme

26、ntsThe two listening environments include telephone hearing and field hearing. These two hearing ways are often used during the foreign tour activities. The English tour guides need to communicate with captains and tourists. When the guides stay with the tourists, the second way is often used. Howev

27、er, the tour guides cant together with them all the time. In many travellings, the guests have their own free time. How to contact with the tour guide during their free hours? Its the telephone. In that case, the telephone hearing turns out to be more important. English is different from Chinese, al

28、so tourism English differs from other kinds of English. In many cases, people just need grasp the main idea of the listening, but the tourism English voices higher requirements. Maybe the guests get lost or have emergencies, so the tour guides have to know the exact place and the matter clearly afte

29、r the listening. Compared with the field listening, the telephone listening is more difficult. The tour guides cant see the impression, mouth, body language of the guests, so they cant judge the words by the face, lips and body actions. As good tour guides, they have to deal with these two listening

30、 environment properly which are blended in their daily applications. Different AccentsMany people can speak English nowadays, but different people speak different styles of English around the world. People will speak different tastes of English, even they are from the same country. American English,

31、 British English and Australian English are the most frequent. In our life, I find many people prefer American English. I once received the British group consisting of 12 guests who came to Beidaihe to watch birds. During the tour, I found its difficult to understand them because they opened small m

32、ouths when they spoke English and they were gentlemen so they didnt have so many body languages on the other hand. Even the 12 guests are all come from England, they speak English in different ways for they live in different regions of England. Thus, when listening to tourism English ,we should try

33、to distinguish different accents of English.1.2 The Characteristics of Tourism English SpeakingAs the popular saying goes, tour guides carry out their work depend on their mouths. We can see speaking is quite important to a tour for a guide. The tour guides need to describe the beautiful landscapes

34、and the ancient histories to the guest at home and broad. As English tour guides, they have to master this key respect of tourism English. The analysis of the characteristics of tourism English speaking are following: The Emotions Good expression is the lubricant of the communication. Therere many f

35、actors involved in good expessions, however, emotion is the key factor that we can never ignore. When conducting t tour activities, the tour guides will introduce the beautiful landscapes and the ancient histories to their guests. When they introduce the landscapes, the emotion should be soft so tha

36、t people can feel the beauty of nature and get relaxed from the hustle and bustle. Once they arrive at some historical places, the tour guides need to change their ways of emotion. They should be passionate and dignified. For instance, when introduced the Old Dragons Head in Shanhaiguan, plain expla

37、nation is avioded. The tour guides should combine the old stories and unique history with their own emotions. However, theres one thing we should remember, the emotion which can touch peoples heart must be from bottom of the heart, so be sincere and natural! On the other hand, the words they speak s

38、hould be courtesy and humble. Working for the English Commentary and Social Intercourse When arrive at the tour destination, the English guide will lead the tour group to the scenic spots to get a appreciation. They will introduce the natural landscapes, local customs, cultual heritages to the touri

39、sts, so sometimes we can consider the English tour guide as different kinds of teachers who can speak professional English and the contents they describe can be called English tour commentary. On the other hand, when communicate with the foreign guests, they may talk about different landscapes or hi

40、storic sites in different countries and make a comparision to let the guests know where the highlight of the local place is, so the English tour guides must equipped with skillful knowledge of tourism English. For instance, the English guide leads the Canadian guests to visit the Huangguoshu Waterfa

41、ll which is one of the largest waterfalls in China. After the visit, the guests may talk about the Niagara Falls in Canada. In that case, if the forein guides dont know it or cant express it in professional tourism English, the foreign guests will feel disappointed and the guide cant get into their

42、conversation, because they dont have common topic. Above all, we can conclude that tourism English is not only the language which works for tour commentary, but also a tool of social intercourse during the tour. Oral Speaking WayOral spoken ways can make the travel more relaxed. The tour guides shou

43、ld treat the guests like their friends and introduce or talk to them freely. Formal words can make the guests feel nervous, uncomfortable and bored, so use the oral speaking way is a good choice which can get closer to the tour leader and the guests. “Good moring” “Good afternoon” “Thanks a lot” “Th

44、is way, please” “Can I help you?” “Lets try them” “After you” etc. are often used during the travel. Meanwhile, The tour guides should have their own introducing ways and express the literal commentary vividly . Then, the eyes of guests will be attracted by your lively comments. Dont limited by the

45、book, use oral tourism English, then the tourists will understand you and become your friends easily.1.3 The Characteristics of Tourism English ReadingA good tour guide is reputed as “Encyclopedia”. Although the discription is far from the truth, we can see the tour guides really know a lot in diffe

46、rent respects, especially the foreign tour guides. Whats the characteristics of the tourism English reading? Ill introduce few fields : Reading of Tourism BooksTourism consists of many different sides. If you want to learn tourism English well, the books on tourism must be read. Once you master the

47、cores of the tourism, tourism English will become easier. The Basic Knowledge of Tour guides, the Scenic Spot and History at Home and Abroad, even the First Aid are included, the Tourism Laws, the Business of Tour Guides, the Function of the Travel Agencies and the Hotels etc, all of them can be lis

48、ted on the books must read for the staffs who work for travel industry. Only in this way can they master the huge resources of tourism and become more professional. Reading of English BooksAs a kind of language, if we dont use it for a long time, well forget many important words and phrases. Read th

49、e English Newpapers, the English Literature, the History in Foreign Countries, the Overview of the English Speaking Countries etc. can help you improve your English levels. The tourism English cant be carried out if you dont know the basic English use. Reading of Tourism English BooksWith rich knowl

50、edge on tourism and English, people should get the two factors mixed, so the books on tourism English are essencial. The listening, speaking, reading and writing about tourism English should be read. Good tourism knowledge, skillful English and the perfect combination can make the learners professio

51、nal and strong.1.4 The Characteristics of Tourism English Writing The speaking of Tourism English is important to the English tour guides as the writing of tourism English is important to the International travel agencies. The tourism English writing do have some its own features: Connecting with To

52、urism Documents Tourism English has its own professional, pratical characters and its often related to the tourism documents. In International travel agencies or travel organizations, the English travel plans, tourism reports, tourism summary, tourism surveys and studies etc, none of them can depart

53、 from the tourim English writing. Connecting with Tour Coordinator Tour coordinators are the people who coordinate the transportation, the accommodation, the scenic spots and the tour guides for a whole tour. The writing of tourism English are often used by them, beacause they have to make the trave

54、l plan ahead of time and tell the tour guides how to operate. Meanwhile, when receiving plans or some notices from foreign travel agencies, the tour coordinator should know how to answer them in tourism English. Otherwise, the whole tour activity may get ruined. 1.4.3 Publicizing the Tourism Industr

55、y Tourism English contributes to the publicity of the tourism industry on International stage. If the International travel agencies eager to advertise themselves on the International stage, the staffs must know the importance of tourism English writing through the media, like the TV, Internet and th

56、e newspaper to let people of other contries know the company better, then people may contact the company and become to their guests. The use of the tourism English writing can give people the impression of profession and stength of the travel agency and people will trust the abilities of the staffs

57、who work for this travel agency. Meanwhile, the Chinese travel industry will be publicized to the people around the world.Chapter The Characteristics of Tourism English TranslationTourism English translation plays an important role on tourism English study and application. Many mistakes have been ma

58、de by the students of tourism English major and the staff members during the practical applications. In order to correct and standardize the language use and improve the quality of the tourism industry, the translation of tourism English must be analyzed.2.1 Word and Phrase Translation Mistakes of Some Literal Translations When learning the Tourism English, the words and phrases are the threshold