新编大学英语课后练习答案与课文完整包括预习课后阅读

1、103fBook 3课后练习参考答案： Unit 1Part onepreparation1. 1）Gentle 2）Dedicated 3）Considerate 4）Adventurous 5）Calm 6）Aggressive 7）Critical 8）Energetic 9）Selfish 10）Ambition 11）Self-confident 12）Easygoing 13）Truthful 14）Outgoing 15）Frank 16）Sensitive 17）Bossy 18）Patient 19）Talkative 20）Persuasive 21）Sympathetic

2、 22）Emotional2.JobsPersonalitysalespersonundependable、shrewd、tricky、boastfulteacherknowledge、talkative、patient、energetic、unselfish、tolerantdoctorcalm、skillful、sympathetic、careful、unselfishpolice officebrave、calm、alert、carefulaccountcautious、careful、efficient、truthfullawyerknowledge、persuasive、talkat

3、ive、expressive、intelligenttourist guideenergetic、good-tempered、talkativehost or hostess of a showquick-minded、humorous、knowledge、expressive、emotionalreporteradventurous、brave、curious、efficientsecretaryconsiderate、careful、efficient、easygoingspokespersondiplomatic、intelligent、eloquentIII. Post-Reading

4、Reading Comprehension1. Understanding the Organization of the Text1) Introduction: (Para.1) Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. 2) Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect: (Para.2&3)Peoples self-concept has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. Peopl

5、e with high self-esteem usually act with confidence. People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.3) Ways of overcoming shyness: (Para.4-15) i) Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses. ii) Set reasonable goals. iii) Dont waste time and energy on destr

6、uctive feelings such as guilt and shame. iv) Dont be afraid to speak up and give your point of view. v) Do not make negative comments about yourself. vi) Accept criticism thoughtfully. vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them as learning experiences. viii) Do not associate with

7、people who make you feel inadequate. ix) Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate your goals regularly. x) Practice being in social situations.4) Conclusion: (Para.16) The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.2. Understanding Specific I

8、nformation1) F 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F 9) F 10) T3. Group Discussion1) I think the most effective ways of overcoming shyness are the first and seventh ways. Recognizing our personal strengths and weaknesses is useful because if we know ourselves better, we can feel more self-confident. We

9、 can be more objective, instead of being blind. The seventh way is to profit from failures and disappointments as learning experiences. If we allow ourselves to get discouraged and sad when we fail, then we will feel more unsure of ourselves. But if we think of a failure as a learning experience, we

10、 are adopting a positive attitude. By analyzing objectively why we failed and planning how to set about doing things differently we will be more likely to succeed next time.2) Modesty is used to describe a reserved appraisal of ones merits, abilities or success, e.g. she is very modest about her acc

11、omplishments. Shyness is used to describe the uncomfortable feeling one has in the company of others. It often implies a lack of self-confidence and a timid, reserved manner. Modesty is a good personality trait while shyness in many cases is undesirable.3) Yes, it is appropriate and normal to be shy

12、 in some circumstances: in the presence of teachers, your boss, your parents friends or your prospective in-laws; when you are dating someone, especially the first time; when you are with strangers; when you are in a new environment; when youre facing a large audience.Vocabulary 1. Self- is a prefix

13、 which means “of, to or by oneself or itself.”Words with the prefix self- that appear in the text: self-conscious, self-concept, self-assurance, self-worth, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-destructive, self-awareness, self-accept103fance, self-rejection, self-confident1) self-conscious (worried a

14、nd embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you) 2) self-confidence (belief in ones own ability, power, judgment, etc.; confidence in oneself)3) self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone who deserves to be liked, respected, or admired)4) self-destructive (with thoughts

15、or actions that are counter to ones own best interests)5) self-worth (the value you give to your life and achievements)6) self-concept (ones conception or general idea of ones own basic character and nature)7) self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment about oneself)8) self-assurance/self-conf

16、idence (the belief that you are able to deal with people and problems easily)2. Part A1) B 2) I 3) L 4) A 5) H 6) D 7) E 8) N 9) J 10) M 11) C 12) F 13) G 14) K Part B 1) profound 2) jealousy 3) numerous 4) overweight 5) overcome 6) eventually 7) slim 8) compliments 9) diminish 10) reassurance 11) d

17、etrimental 12) isolated 13) self-esteem 14) accented3. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect 4) viewed/regarded 5) sensitive 6) respond/react 7) eliminated 8) overcome my fear 9) concentrate on 10) made no commentTranslation1.You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and e

18、xercising.2. In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before.3. When the right opportunity comes along, hell take it.4. Every day he sets some time aside to be with his family and enjoy life.5. I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.6. He finally

19、 failed to live up to his parents expectations.7. In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.8. He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness.Part ThreeFURTHER Development1. 1）BBABC 6）CBCAA 11）CBPart Four Writing and Translation (P46)2. Translation Practice1) It is believed th

20、at pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure.2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience.4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or diffi

21、culties.5) Dont let negative thoughts hold you back.6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so dont blame yourself too muchUnit 2Part onepreparation4.matching pictures 1）Aphrodite 2）Ares 3）Hephaestus 4）Artemis 5）Demeter 6）Dionysus 7）Poseidon 8）Athena 9）Apollo 10）Hermes 11）Hera 12）Z

22、eusPost-ReadingReading Comprehension1. 1) Because they were invited to a feast in the sky. 2) He saw the birds were busy preparing. 3) He planned to go to the feast/sky with the birds. 4) They didnt agree because Tortoise was mischievous/cunning and ungrateful. 5) With a sweet tongue, he convinced t

23、he birds that he was a changed man. 6) He made two wings with all the feathers he got from each bird. 7) All of you. 8) Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc. 9) For whom have you prepared this feast? 10) Because he knew the answer would be “For all of you”, which was his n

24、ew name. So he could enjoy all the food first. 11) They were very angry. 12) They took back the feathers they had lent him. 13) He asked them to take a message to his wife. 14) Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge. 15) He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out

25、 all the soft things in his house to cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp, not the soft, things instead. 16) His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces. 2. Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise. Long lon

26、g ago, there was a famine, and the birds got an invitation from the sky to attend a feast there. Tortoise learned about it and with his sweet tongue he persuaded the birds to take him with them and so each bird lent him a feather. 103fTortoise cunningly thought of an idea that enabled him to have al

27、l the food by naming himself “All of you.” When they reached the sky, they received a warm welcome and soon the food was presented to them. Then he asked one of the people in the sky: “For whom have you prepared all this feast?” The man replied: “For all of you.” So he ate almost all the best food.

28、The birds became very angry and took back their feathers before flying home. Without feathers, he had to jump onto the ground and his shell was broken into pieces. 3. Acting out the StorySampleBird A: How exciting! All of us are invited to the feast in the sky.Bird B: I just cant wait. What do you t

29、hink I should wear?Tortoise: Hello. Good morning. What are you excited about?Bird A: Didnt you know that we are going to the sky?Bird B: And we are going to have a big dinner. What fun!Tortoise: How nice it is. What lucky guys. May I go with you? Im sure well have a lot of fun.Bird A: Yes, well have

30、 great fun, but not you. We know you too well. You are full of cunning and you are ungrateful.Bird B: If we allow you to come with us, you will soon begin your mischief.Bird A: We know you of old.Tortoise: You dont know me now. Im a changed man. I am not the mischievous man you once knew. In fact, I

31、 am thoughtful and well-meaning. I have learned that a man who makes trouble for others is also making trouble for himself. Rest assured, I promise you I will not cause you any trouble.Bird A: (Talking to Bird B) Maybe he is a changed man now. Lets talk to our bird friends and see if we will take hi

32、m with us.(After a brief discussion with all the other birds)Bird B: Ok. Tortoise, now we all agreed to take you to the sky. Each of us will lend you a feather so that you can have two wings to fly.(During the flight to the party)Bird A: Tortoise is a great orator! Bird B: Lets make him the spokespe

33、rson for the party.Tortoise: Did you know that we need a new name when we are invited to a great feast like this? It is an age-old custom and our hosts in the sky will expect us to honor it.Bird A: We havent heard of this before. But as you are such a learned man, if you say this, we will choose a n

34、ew name for ourselves. I will call myself Good-Looking.Bird B: I am Smart-Ass.Tortoise: And my new name is All of You.(On their arrival at the sky)Sky people: Welcome to the sky, our dear bird friends. We are so pleased to see you again. Please make yourselves at home. Tortoise: My dear respected fr

35、iends, thank you so much for inviting us to the sky. Nothing can make us happier than this. It is our greatest honor to be here and have a good time with you.Sky people: Thank you for your nice words. Now please help yourselves to the nuts.Bird A: Tortoise is really eloquent, isnt he? Im glad we dec

36、ided to bring him with us.Bird B: Yes. And these are delicious nuts.Sky people: Now the dinner is ready. Please enjoy the soup, meat, fish and pounded yam. Here is palm wine, too. Tortoise: Just a moment. Let me ask you first. For whom have you prepared this feast?Sky people: For whom? Why? For all

37、of you, of course.Tortoise (To the birds): You remember that my name is All of You. The custom here is to serve the spokesman first and the others later. They will serve you when I finish.Sky people (To themselves): Looks like it is their custom to leave all the food to their king first.Tortoise: Mm

38、. Yummy. Mm. Im full now. You can start to eat.Bird A: We should never bring him here. I am too angry to eat. Im going home.Bird B: Wait. I am leaving, too. Take the feather with us.Tortoise: What are you doing? Leave me the feather. Oh, how am I going home without a single feather? You cant do this

39、 to me?Birds: Bye.Tortoise: Could someone take a message for my wife? Tell her to bring out everything soft and cover the ground. 4. Taking SidesSamples1) - I dont admire Tortoises cleverness. He was unwise to cheat all the birds. After his mischief, how could he have face to live together with them

40、 any longer? He would have no friends at all. He was clever, bu103ft at the same time he was also stupid. When all the birds became so angry, how could he have trusted Parrot? He should have jumped into the sea to avoid being hurt.- I admire Tortoises cleverness. He was a guy who knew where to look

41、for a nice dinner during a time of famine. He knew very well how to get trust from others. He was also quick-minded. His only mistake was that he should not be so greedy as not to leave any nice food for the birds. -I sympathize with the birds. They took Tortoise with them to the sky out of kindness

42、, but after flying such a long distance, they had to fly back home on an empty stomach. They were formally invited, but the food was enjoyed by Tortoise, who hadnt been formally invited. I think the birds were very unlucky.- I think the birds are stupid. They knew very well that Tortoise couldnt be

43、trusted as he was always mischievous. But they persuaded themselves that he was a changed man. At the party they should have let the sky people know Tortoise was not their king and they had the right to have some of the nice food, as they were the guests. 2) I learned from the story that a) we shoul

44、d be honest, and shouldnt cheat others. If we cheat others, we will be punished in the end; b) we shouldnt be carried away by sweet words, like the birds; c) a leopard cant change its spots, nor can Tortoise. He was cunning, he could never change his personality and behave himself.Vocabulary1. 1) A.

45、 invitation B. invited C. inviting 2) A. prepare B. prepared C. preparation D. preparatory/preparation 3) A. discoveries B. discoverers C. discovered 4) A. approval B. approve C. approved D. approving E. disapprove 5) A. eloquent B. eloquence C. eloquently 6) A. faithful B. unfaithful/faithless C. f

46、aith D. faithfully 7) A. occasional B. occasionally C. occasion 8) A. delivery B. delivering C. delivered 9) A. troublesome/trouble B. troubled C. troubled D. troubling 10) A. assurance B. assured C. assure2. 1) ran/got into trouble 2) no trouble 3) asking for trouble 4) havetrouble 5) trouble with

47、6) in serious/deep/big trouble 7) get/gettinginto trouble 8) took the trouble3.1)with a pattern of roses2)prepared a wonderful/good meal for us3)promised faithfully4)deliver this letter5)a selection of milk and plain chocolate6)keep out of mischief/behave themselves7)the sound of distant thunder8)re

48、ceived approval from the government9)in spite of the fact that he drank too much10) agree whether the drug is safe or notPart ThreeFURTHER Development1. 1）CCABA 6）BABBA 11）BA5.1）the true reason why there was no such animal in Guizhou 2）they were useless in this place 3）When he suddenly saw the donke

49、y, he thought it was a monster 4）He hid himself in the tree while looking at donkey 5）What kind of animal is this and why does it look different from other animal that I've ever seen 6）But one day the donkey stretched its thin neck and cried 7）the tiger found that the donkey didn't have any

50、other skills besides crying 8）But he dared not rush to it and eat it just as he did to other animals 9）This did make the donkey angry，so it raised its hind leg and kicked the tiger 10）This time he rushed to it without hesitation and bit is throatPart Four Writing and Translation 2. Translation Pract

51、ice(P96)万物之初，天地还是一体，充满混沌。宇宙如同一个大黑蛋，盘古就在黑蛋里。一万八千年以后，盘古长睡醒来，他感到窒息，于是他拿起一把斧子，用尽全身力量砸开黑蛋。轻的、透明的部分冉冉上升，变成了天；而冷的、浑浊的物体依然在下面，变成了大地。盘古站在中间，顶天立地。天地开始 以每天一长的速度分开，盘古的身子也随着长高。一万八千年后，天更高，地更厚，盘古像一根九百万里高的柱子伫立其间，田地永远也无法再合在一起。 Unit 3IV. Post- ReadingReading Comprehension1. What the Text Discusses 1) financial 2) car

52、eer 3) later 4) guilty 5) hurt 6) resentful 7) productive 8) independence 9) responsibility 10) trusted 11) frightening 12) resentment 13) abandoned 14) fact103fors 15) quality 2. Understanding Specific Information 1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) F 9) F 10) F3. Comparing Experiences Sample 1In

53、 our group, two of us were latchkey children, two were taken care of by their grandparents, and one was taken care of by his mother because his mother did not work. The two who were once latchkey children had felt very much the same as the children mentioned in the passage. They felt lonely and watc

54、hed TV a lot. But compared with the other students in our group, they are more independent. So in a way, it is good to leave children alone for some time every day.Sample 2In our group, only one person was once a latchkey child. Both her parents were working far away from home and she had to be on h

55、er own for most of the time on weekdays. The rest of us were taken care of either by our grandparents or by our parents. Every day when we came home after school, there was always somebody there waiting for us and taking care of us. We could also go out and play with other children after we finished

56、 our homework. But sometimes we did wish we were alone so that we could spend the time as we wished.Vocabulary 1. 1) c 2) h 3) g 4) a 5) e 6) k 7) i 8) d 9) l 10) b 11) j 12) f2. 1) constantly 2) impact 3) burden 4) Candidly 5) fulfillment 6) salaried 7) resentment 8) assistance9) perfect 10) suppress3. 1) successfully 2) resentment 3) security 4) necessity 5) advisable 6) access/accessibility 7) athletic 8) maturity 9) emotional 10) effectively 4. Sentence-Making Game Sug