(完整版)初中语法训练之名词(含练习题及答案)

1、初中语法之名词掌握要点：名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）名词的数1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格含义、构成两种形式： s 所有格及of 所有格知识点：一、名词的分类1 .专有名词：名字（人名、地名、书名、机构名）、与国家有关的（国家、国民、语言）、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句： My name is Lucy . I am a Chinese . I will go to the Great Wall on Monday .2 .普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词个体名词表示个体的人或事物例 : sister、 table、 b

2、ike、 window可数名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例 : family 、 police、 class、 group物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例 : water、 air、 wood不可数名词抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例 : danger、 interest区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。身兼二职的名词对照表glassfishchickentime可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间orangelightpape

3、rhair可数橘子电灯报纸 /试卷（几根）头发不可数橘汁光纸头发exerciseidealifework可数练习题主意 /意见生命著作不可数锻炼了解生活工作turkeyradioyouthexperience可数火鸡收音机青年人经历不可数火鸡肉无线电年轻、青春经验interestroom可数爱好房间不可数兴趣空间二、名词的单复数形式（1） 规则变化：名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s 或 -es1、 一般情况在词尾直接加s , 例bags。2、 以 s、 x、 sh、 ch 结尾的词加-es，例bus-buses box-boxes。3、 以 “辅音字母+y”结尾的词，y 变成 i 加

4、 -es 例 city-cities ；以 “元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接加s。4、 以o 结尾的除potato（马铃薯）、tomato（西红柿）、hero（英雄）加es，其余直接加s。5、 以f 或 fe 结尾的词，多数变f 或 fe 为 v 加 es, roof 、 proof 直接加-s，例 life-lives wife-wives roof roofs。（2）不规则变化1 、 单 词 拼 写 发 生 变 化 man-men woman-women policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice child-children2、

5、某国人变复数，口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面（3）不可数名词一般只用单数，它不能与例： a cup of coffee（ 一杯咖啡）a/an 及数次搭配使用。表示数量时用量词搭配。two glasses of milk（ 两杯牛奶）three pieces of paper（三张纸）four bottles of water（ 四杯水 ）例： an Englishman-Englishmen an American-Americans3、单复数形式相同常用分以下几类：表示动物的名词deer 鹿， fish 鱼，sheep 绵羊，bison 野牛，crab 螃蟹表示人的名词Chinese 中

6、国人，Japanese 日本人，Swiss 瑞士人，kin 亲属craft 及由-craft 构成的名词craft 飞机，aircraft 飞机，spacecraft 太空船表示数量的名词Hundred 百， thousand 千， million 百万，dozen 一打，score二十其他series 系列；species 种类；means 方法三、名词所有格含义： 名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。表示形式：一种是 s 所有格，一种是of 所有格Beijing is China s ca Bpietaijiln.=g is the captital of China.This is Tom

7、 s b=i kTeh is is the bike of Tom.Lily is the key s owner.= Lily is the oowf tnheer key.1、 s 所有格构成单数名词及不以s结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加 s ， 如Lucy s pen路西的钢笔Children sDay（儿童节）；以 s 结尾的复数名词，只加 , 如 the students b学生们的书。ooks2、几个人共有的东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加s , 如 Lucy and Lily s bedr露西和莉莉的卧室oom（）。表示各自所有，则每个名词都加 s , 如Lucy s and Li

8、ly s de露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子 sks（）。典型例题讲解1. They got much from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories解析 : much 是用来修饰不可数名词的, A B D 三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式, C 项为不可数名词, 因此选 C.2. I have two and three bottles of here.A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orangeD. orange, oranges解析 : orange 有两种含义,

9、一种可数名词橘子, 另一种是不可数名词橘汁, 此题第一空应填可数名词, 第二空填不可数名词, 因此选C。3. Every evening M r. King takes a to his home .A. 25 minutes walkB. 25 minute s walkC. 25 minute walkD. 25 minutes walk解析 : 句中的 minute 应该用其复数的所有格形式,只 + ,而不能+s,因此选A。4. An old wants to see you.A. people B. person C. the people D. the person解析 : pers

10、on 与 people 都有”人”的意思 , 但用法不同. “一个人”用 “ a person” ,“两个人”用 “ two persons” ; people 泛指 “人们” 是集合名词,表示复数, the people 指 “人民” , a people指 “一个民族”. 应选B。5. Help yourself to .A. chickens and applesB. chickens and appleC. chicken and appleD. chicken and apples解析 : chicken 可用作可数名词指小鸡,用作不可数名词指鸡肉,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple

11、 为可数名词故应 +s, 因此选D。6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two .A. room s number B. rooms number C. room numbers D. rooms numbers解析 : room number 房间号码. room 可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词. 类似的还有my phsics teacher, two bus drivers 等 . 应选 C。7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second A. familyB. house C.

12、home D. room解析 : family 指的是家庭或是家庭成员; house指的是房子（住所）; room 指的是房间;而home 指的是家, 因此选 C.8. mothers couldnA. Mary and Peter sC. Mary s and Petert go to the mbeeectainugs,e they have gone to Shanghai .8. Mary and PeterD. Mary s and Peter s解析 : 此句中 “ mothers”是复数,表示两个人各自的母亲,因此应选D。9. Li Lei has been to many ti

13、mes this month.A. her uncl e B. her uncle s C. her unclesD. aunt s解析 : 此句意为 “李雷这个去她舅舅家多次”. 表示具体场所时, 可省去所有格后面的名词因此选B。10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn t in teaching.A. many experiencesB. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experience解析 : experience 作 “经验”讲时是不可数名词, 作 “经历” 讲时是可数名词. 本句中应理解

14、为 “经验”因此是不可数名词,排除 A C. 又因 a lot of , lots of, plenty of 只用于肯定句, 不用于否定句, 因此选 B。11. A classmate of was here ten minutes ago.A. youB. yourC. your sisterD. your sister s解析 : 此题考查名词的双重所有格.应选D。12. A group of are talking with two .A. Frenchmen, GermansB. Germans ,FrenchmansC. Frenchmans , GermenD. Germen ,

15、 Frenchmen解析 : Frenchman 是复合词,其复数形式为Frenchmen; German 的复数为直接在单词末尾+S, 应选 A.13. The team having a meeting .A. isB. areC. amD. be解析 : team 是一个集合名词,即可表示复数意义（指整个小组） , 也可指小组中的成员（表示复数）, 此题意为后者 , 因此选 B。 14. “ Would you like ?“ ” , please. ”A. drink, Three coffeesB. a cup of drink, CoffeesC. a drink, A coffe

16、eD. a drink, Three cups of coffees解析 : drink 和 coffee 是不可数名词, 可以用of 来表示数量, eg, three cups of coffee,当前面加a 时 ,则表示 “一杯” 因此选C。15. The Great Wall was made not only by , but also the flesh and blood of men.A.earth and stone, millions ofC. the earth and stone, million of解析：earth 是不可数名词，因此删除因此选A。B. earths

17、and stones, millionsD. the earths and stones, millionsB D, 数以百万的应为millions of .名词练习题1. This is _ reading-room.A. the teacher Bs. teacher Cs. teacher Ds . the teachers 2. Nothing was found but _ broken.A. the room window B. the room s window C. the room of the windowD . the window of room3. How many_

18、 would you like?A. paper B. bread C. pieces of papers D. pieces of bread4. He was praised for his _.A. brave B. bravery C. bravely D. great brave5. Please get me a new _ when you go to town.A. clothes B. dress C. clothing D. trousers6. There are 34_ doctors in the hospital.A. woman B. women C. woman

19、 s D. women s7. Some_ are even thinner than your little finger.A. bamboo B. bamboos C. kinds of bamboo D. kinds of bamboos8. He was born in this town and now he lives in _.A. Building second B. Building Two C. the Building Two D. Building the Second9. Old as he is, he has _to do every day.A. a lot o

20、f workB. much worksC. lots of homeworksD. quite a lot of homeworks10. Jack s room is furnished with _.A. new furnituresB. many new furnituresC. many new pieces of furnitures D. many new pieces of furnitureA. today sB. Today sC. the today sD. your today s12. It s noatr ,f only _walk from here to our

21、school.A. a ten minutesB. ten minutesC. a ten minutes D. ten minutes 13. Last month, he wrote me _letter.A. a 1000-wordB. 1000 wordsC. a 1000-wordsD. 1000 words 14. He had a _sleep yesterday.A. a good nightB. a good-nightC. a good night s D. good -night s15. _is not a long way to drive.A. Three mile

22、s distance B. Three-mile distanceC. Three miles distance D. A three-mile-distance16. His isn t fit for the work. Please get me _.A. something elseB. somebody elseC. someone else s D. somebody s else 17. Do you know how large _ is?A. population of China B. Chinese populationC. China populationD. Chin

23、a s population18. _ is too much for the boy to carry.A. The box weightB. The box s weightC. The weight of the boxD. The box of the weight19. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest _ shop?A. shoesB.shoeC. shoes D.shoe s20. What _ weather we re having these days!A. niceB.a niceC. a badD. worse21. The

24、y say that the meeting will be _.A. of very importantB. great importanceC. of great importance D. great important22. I m going to call at _ this evening.A. Mr BlackB. the BlacksC. Mr Black sD. Blacks 23. What Darwin said was an attack on people s religious _A. beliefB.beliefsC. beliefsD.believs24. T

25、here are some _waiting for you outside.A. GermanB.AmericanC. grown-upD.Japanese25. Their factory has developed a kind of _ to help people walk.A. machineB. machinesC. a machineD. the machine26. There re many _ in my brother s album.A. leafsB. toysC. booksD. stamps27. Yesterday I went to the super ma

26、rket and bought a lot of _.A. tomatoesB.potatosC. vegetableD.meats28. Upon hearing what I said, his _ rose.A. angerB.angryC. angrilyD.angriness29. Excuse me, can you change this _ for me?A. five-pound noteB.five pounds noteC. five-pound notesD.five pounds notes30. You have to make _ for your journeyA. preparingB.preparationC. a preparationD.preparations31. While washing up, she broke a _.A. glass wineB.wine glassC. glass of wineD.wine of glass32. You have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _.A. fall B. reality C. practice D. deed33. H