初中英语--副词专题

1、专题五副词知识清单要点一副词的分类及功能要点三副词的比较级要点二副词的位置要点四常见副词的用法及解析要点一副词的分类及功能1 .副词的分类(1) 时间副词时间副词有 now , then. today. tomorrow. yesterday. before. ago. soon. immediately. lately. early. sometimes. often. always. usually. already. yet. ever. never 等。 时间副词是确定句子时态的重要 标志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。(2) 地点副词地点副词有 outside, inside

2、, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时不加介词。(3) 方式副词方式副词有 quickly, happily, loudly , suddenly, luckily , badly, easily, fast, again 等。方 式副词大多有形容词+ly构成。(4) 程度副词程度副词有very, quite, rather, too, much, so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级，有 些能修饰形容词比较级。(5) 频度副词频度副词有sometimes, ofte

3、n , always, never等。频度副词一般和一般现在时连用，表示动 作发生的频率。(6) 疑问副词疑问副词有 when, where, why , how, how long , how soon , how often , how far 等。疑问 副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。(7) 关系副词关系副词有 when, where, why , how等。关系副词常用来引导从句。(8) 其他副词如luckily , finally , perhaps等，用于整个句子进行说明。2 .副词的语法功能(1)作状语修饰动词，如：It s rainiheavily.天正下着大雨。They rwarm

4、ly welcomed by the students.他们受到学生们的热烈欢迎。修饰形容词，如：You requite right.你非常正确。修饰其他副词，如：Don t drivetoo fast.别骑得太快。Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well.汤姆和苏珊都不太会游泳。修饰介词短语，如：Where is the broom?扫帚在哪儿？Just behind the door.就在门后。修饰从句，如：This is exactly what I said.这正是他所说的。作定语。有少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。如：Th

5、e comrades here are all very kind to me. 这的同志对我都非常和善。作表语。作表语的副词多数是表示位置的。如：in. out. on. back. down. up. off. away. upstairs等，如：He is in.他在家。When will you be back?你何时回来？作宾语补足语。如：I saw you out with my sister last Saturday.上周六我看见你和我姐姐一起出去了。互动训练1.1 When he heard a cry for help. he ran out as as he could

6、.A.hardly B.quickly C.finally D.slowly1.2 I haven t been to the Great Wall yet.-I haven t been thereA. too B. also C. either D. neither1.3 Miss Gao is very popular with her students.Yes. Her classes are lively and interesting.A. seldom B. never C. sometimes D .always1.4 has the foreign teacher been

7、Shanghai? For one year.A.How often B.How soon C.How long D. How far1.5 do you take exercise ?Three times a week.A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much1.6 Don t worWendy can look after your bird when you re out.A. care B. carefulC. careless D.carefully1.7 Helen was so excited at the news th

8、at she could say a word.A. ever B. almostC. hardly D. always1.8 Do you consider you a rude person?一 not. I always have good manners.A.Probably B.Usually C.Generally D.Certainly1.9 I can be a nurse. I m not a very patient persoA. seldom B. everC. never D. always1.10 Where would you like to go on your

9、 summer holiday. Mike?一 Id like to go.A.somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere1.1. 1 （填空）It s so 当难的一项）job.要点二副词的位置1 .地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句末。同时出现时间副词和地点副词时，其顺序 为地点、时间。如：Write down your name here.把你的名字写在这里。I ll see him at the school gate tomorrow.明天我将在校口 见他。2 .频度副词：通常放在实义动词前，be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后。

10、如：She almost forgot about the whole thing.她几乎忘记了整件事情。They are always late for school.他们总是上学迟至U。注意：ever和never有时放在助动词前，表强调。如：Nothing ever has made him angry. 他从未为任何事情生过气。3 .程度副词： 修饰动词时，与频度副词的位置相似。如：I don t quite agree with youBt;不完全同意你的观点。修饰形容词、副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。如：He works a little harder now.他现在工作更努力了一些

11、。The room is big enough to live in. 这个房间足够住了。注意：enough作为副词，修饰形容词、副词时，应置于所修饰的形容词、副词的后边。但 作为形容词修饰名词时，常放在名词的前面。如：I don t have enough money to buy this hous我没有足够的钱来买这所房子。互动训练2.1 Hi. Bo b! I can t find my history book. Have you seen it?Sorry. I haven t. Why don t you ask Jim? Perhaps he s seen it.A. Some

12、where B. everywhere C. nowhere D. anywhere2.2 He at six every morning.A. often get up B. often gets up C. gets up often D. gets up often2.3 do you like Chinese food?-Very much.A. HowB. Where C. What2.4 （填空）Mobile phones are（广泛）used in most of the cities in China.2.5 I don t know she is.-Her mother s

13、ays she is much better these days.A.whoB. how C.what D.where2.6 I can t say I want to go back to my hometown. It uite a few years since I went backlast time.A. how much B.how long C.how often D.how soon要点三副词的比较级1 .副词的比较级和最高级的构成与形容词的比较级、最高级的构成类似，有规划变化和不规 则变化。规则变化请参见形容词比较级的变化方法。如：原级比较级最高级hardharderhar

14、destfastfasterfastestearlyearlierearliest原级比较级最高级slowlymore slowlymost slowlyquicklymore quicklymost quicklycarefullymore carefullymost carefully原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleast2 .副词比较级的基本用法原级用法：as+副词原级+as.如：I can run as quickly as h

15、e can.He speaks English as well as a foreigner. 比较级的用法：副词比较级 + than.如：She got up earlier today than yesterday.I can run more quickly than he. 最高级的用法：（the） +最高级+ in/of短语。如：Who runs fastest of the three?Tom runs most quickly in his class.互动训练3.1 Jack is good at drawing. I think no one draws.A. betterB

16、.bestC. worse D.worst3.2 Among the three boys. he works perhaps the.A. hardB.harderC.hardestD. most hard3.3 The more we look at the picture.A. the better we likedB.the less we liked itC. we liked it lessD. better it we like3.4 Bob never does his homework Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.A. so careful

17、ly asB. as carefully asC. carefully asD. as careful as3.5 My sister is good at sports. and she can jump than me.A.highest B. very high C. too high D. much higher3.6 . Which do you like. tea. orange or water?A. good B. well C. best D. better3.7 - Did Kate do best in the final exam?3.8 No. but of all

18、the students she did.A.the most careful B. more careful C.most carefully D. more carefully要点四常见副词的用法及辨析1.very与much表示 很非常”very用于修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，但名词前可以有形容词作定语。如:It s very nice.She said she was much better than before.I like English very much.2.so与such表示如此那么这么so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，但名词前可以有形容词作定语。如：I can

19、 t be here so early.I ve never seen such fine drawingso修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数可数名词，其结构是so+adj.+a/an+n.如：She is so good a girl. = She is such a good girl.如果可数名词复数前有many. few或不可数名词前有 such. little等表示数量多少的形容词时，用so而不用such.如：I m afraid that he ll forget it if he misses so many lessoMiss Zhao got so little money a

20、month.巧记so与much的用法区别：名词 such.形、副so.多多少少还用 so3. too. also. either 表示 也（不）”too和also用于肯定句中，too常用于口语中，置于句末；also常用于书面语中，置于be动词后，行为动词前；either用于否定句句尾。如：I m fine.We also have eleven players in a team.Chinese take-away food is also popular.We don t like the same colorither.4. sometime. sometimes. some times.

21、 some timeSometime表示将来或过去的某个时候；sometime指宥时候；some time则指 段时间”；some times表示 惜数、次数”。如：New students will come to our school sometime next week.It took me some time to finish reading the book.Sometimes. I know what she s thinking.Our school is some times larger than theirs.这样巧记 some time. sometime. some

22、times 和 sometimes:分开是段；相连为 某时”，分开s是倍、次”，相连s是有时”。5. already. yet 表示 已经”already表示某事已经发生；yet用于疑问句表示已经”，用于否定句表示还没有“。如：I ve already finished it.I have sung already.Have you found your ruler yet?He hasn t finished his work yet.例题 Holly has fed the dog. but she hasn t watered the plants.A. Still; already B

23、. already;yet C. yet; still D. yet; already解析本体考察副词的辨析。Still意为仍旧，还”，不合题意，故排除。Already和yet表示已经，aleady常用于肯定句中，yet常用于否定句中。答案;B6. hard 和 hardlyhard用作副词，意为 猛烈地“辛苦地“努力地”；用作形容词，意为 困难的“坚硬的；hardly 表否定，意为 几乎不”。两个词的意思完全不一样。如：He studies hard.He hardly studies.Stone is very hard.She hardly ever exercise.This ques

24、tion is too hard for such a little boy.7. how long. how soon. how often. how farhow long意为 多长时间，就for+时间段或since时间点”提问，对how long引起的 问句也要用how long;how soon意为 多久以后，就in引起的将来的时间提问，对 how soon问句也要用in 引起的表示将来的时间回答，how soon问句是将来时态；how often 意为 多久一次“，就频率提问，常用 once/twice/three times a week 或 every five days等短语回

25、答；how far意为多远，就距离提问。8. much too 和 too muchmuch too修饰形容词和副词的原级，意为 非常，极其”，中心词是too;too much意为 太多，非常，中心词是much,常用来修饰不可数名词，也可以单独使用，作宾语或修饰动词。如：It is much too cold today.Tom likes football too much.Don t eat too much.Theirs is too much ice on the road. and you must be careful.互动训练4.1 I like living here.A. q

26、uite much B. even much C. very much D. such much4.2 Have you ever seen big panda before.A. a suchB. such aC. so aD. a so4.3 Can you imagine that little ants can carry many big worms?A. so;soB. such;such C. such. so D. so; much4.4 It s almost impossible for few people to do much work in a short time.

27、A. so;so;as B. so; so; such C. such; such; such D. such; such; so4.5 We arrived late that that there were no seats left.A. muchB. tooC. soD. very4.6 Lucy doesn t like cotton blouse. Lily doesn. tA. eitherB.tooC. neitherD.also4.7 He said he would come to see us the next afternoon.A. sometime B. some

28、time C. sometimes D. some times4.9 - Have these workers finished doing their work?-No. not.A.already; yet B. yet; yet C. yet; already D. already;already4.10 Tom di dn t know anything about the paper because he got any time to read it at thattime.A.hardB.hardlyC.almostD.nearly4.11 - What was the weat

29、her like yesterday?-It was terrible. It rained so that people could go out.A. hardly;hard B.hardly; hardly C. hard;hardly D. hard; hard4.12 - Can you understand me?-Sorry. I can understand what you ve said.A.nearlyB. easily C. hardlyD. exactly4.13 -do you write to your friend?-Once a week.A. How man

30、y B. How often C. How long D. How far4.14 . -is it form our school to Lugou Bridge?-About half an hour s bus ride.A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much4.15 I don t think this shirt fits her. It s small for her.A.much too B. very much C. too much D. so much4.16 He eats food. so he is fat.A.

31、 much too;too muchB. much too; too manyC. too much; much tooD. too much; many too方法清单方法一在具体语言环境中辨析副词的具体含义方法二 正确使用副词的比较级方法三注意下列词不同含义方法一在具体语言环境中辨析副词的具体含义明确副词与形容词的区别及转换规律，在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项例题 1 The Internet is very useful for us. We can find information.A. easy B. easily C. hard D. hardly解析句意：互联网对我们非

32、常有用。我们可以容易地找到信息。空格处所需词是修饰动词find的，所以要用副词。A为形容词，被排除；B为容易地”；C为辛苦地”；D为几乎不”，根据句意选择Bo答案B例题 2 The instruction on medicine are necessary for the sick. They explain whether the medicine is out of date.A. clear;clearly B. clearly;clear C. clearly; clearly解析 句意：对于病人来说，关于药的清楚的说明是必要的。这些说明能够清楚地解释药物是否过期。本题考查形容词和副词

33、辨析。Clear形容词，修饰名词；clearly是副词，修饰动词。答案 A1.1 How the music was! He played the pianoA. wonderful; wonderful B. wonderfully; wonderfullyC. . wonderful; wonderfully D. wonderfully; wonderful1.2 Mrs Smith has a cute baby. It often smiles at people.A. friendly B. lovely C.happilyD. lively1.3 Some animals can

34、 even see things in the park.A. bad B. badly C. clear D. clearly方法二 正确运用副词的比较级根据具体语境及题目中一些标志词判断是用副词的原级、比较级还是最高级，尤其注意 副词原级与比较级修饰词的区别。例题 1 LiLei did quite in the english competition. I did even.A. better; well B. good; better C.well;better D.well;good解析 此题考查的副词的原级和比较级。第一句 李雷在英语竞赛中表现得相当好 ”，用副词well修饰动词d

35、id （形容词good不能修饰动词）。第二句 我表现得更好，用well的比较级 better来修饰动词 did。答案C例 2Did Kate do best in the final exam?No.but of all the students she did.A. the most careful B. more careful C. most carefully D.more carefully解析 句意：-Kate在期末考试中考的好吗？-不是，可她在所有学生中做的最认真。本题考查副词最高级用法。从 of all the students可推知设空处用最高级，故排除 B和D;又由设空前的

36、did为实义动词，要用副词来修饰，故选 C项。答案C注意 very, quite , too修饰形容词、副词的原级。much, even, far修饰形容词副词的比较级，very much修饰动词。a little .a lot . a bit. rather等可以修饰形容词、副词的原级或比较级，表示说明的程度。2.1 The you work at your lessons. the results you will get.A. hard; goodB. harder; goodC. hard; betterD. harder; better2.2 Who listens. Tom . Jack or Bill?A. the most carefully B. more caref