2017届高三英语阅读专题——文学评论

1、2017届高三英语阅读专题一一文学评论1.首末端作者对文学作品的褒贬中态度很关键！练习P1:MarkTwainhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.Andhesurelydeservesadditionalpraise:themanwhopopularizedthecleverliteraryattackonracism.70. Whatdoestheauthormainlyarguefor?A. Twainhaddonemorethanhiscontemporarywriterstoattackracism.B. Twainwasanadmir

2、ablefigurecomparabletoAbrahamLincoln.C. Twain'sworkshadbeenbannedonunreasonablegrounds.D. Twaisworksshouldbereadfromahistoricalpointofview.2.经常受其他作家的风格影响，或其它作家对该作家/作品态度褒贬不一1) AowesmuchtotheideasofBA在很大程度上要归功于B的想法2) A'smostnotableworksexertatremendousimpactonBA最著名的作品对B发挥了巨大的影响3) astrikingsimi

3、laritybetweenAandBA和B之间有一个惊人的相似之处4) SthestablishastrongechobetweenAandB在A和B之间建立了一个强烈的呼应5) bearsimilaritytosb与某人有相似之处6) Resemblesb/sth像某物/某人7) Sharecloseresemblanceto与.拥有非常相似之处8) bemodeledaftersb模仿某人练习Ingeneral,Austenoccupiesacuriouspositionbetweentheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies.Herfavoritewriter

4、,whomsheoftenquotesinhernovels,wasDr.SamuelJohnson,thegreatmodelofeighteenth-centuryclassicismandreason.HerplotsbearsimilaritiestosuchworksofJohnsoncontemporariesasPamela,writtenbySamuelRichardson.Austen'snovelsalsodisplayanambiguityaboutemotionandanappreciationforintelligenceandnaturalbeauty.In

5、theirawarenessoftheconditionsofmodernityandcitylifeandtheconsequencesforfamilystructureandindividualcharacters,theyprefigure(预示)muchVictorianliterature(asdoesherusageofsuchelementsasfrequentformalsocialgatherings,sketchycharacters,andscandal).70. Itisimpliedinthepassagethat.A. Austenwassomewhatinflu

6、encedbyhercontemporarywriters.B. AustenandhercontemporarywriterschangedVictorianliterature.C. Austenplayedalessimportantpartinthenineteencentury.D. Austenwasoneofthepioneersofeighteenth-centuryclassicism.3 .作者的个人成长史或者逸闻趣事都会写进去。Sb'slivingexperienceatspgreatlyaffecthis/herwork4 .作者的写作内容和风格会精辟入里地分析

7、主题：1) racialdiscrimination种族歧视2) Racialoppression种族压迫3) VictorianLiterature维多利亚时期的文学4) Theinseparabilityofgenderandrace性另U和种族的不可分离性5) first-handaccountofsth第一手资料6) Romanticandtwisting浪漫的和曲折的7) Sthstandsasachallengetosth对某事物是一个挑战8) Themostdramaticeventofthecountry最具戏剧性的事件风格：1) Vividnessandintensity生动

8、和强度2) Maintainsb'sownstyle维持了某人自己的风格3) Concreteandlivinglanguage具体而生动的语言4) Writesthwithgreatsympathy具有同情心的5) thestoryfeelsaliveandpresent这个故事感觉是栩栩如生的6) truetolife逼真的7) Investigative研究的；调查的；好调查的8) non-fiction纪实小说9) Thecriticalanalysisofsth批评性分析练习BritishwriterJohnBunyanwasbornatElstow,Bedfordshire

9、,England,inNovember,1628.Hisfatherwasamakerandmenderofpotsandkettles,andthesonfollowedthesametrade.Thoughheisusuallycalledatinker,Bunyanhadasettledhomeandplaceofbusiness.Hehadlittleschooling,andhedescribeshisearlysurroundingsaspoorandmean.Hebecamemuchinterestedinreligions,butitwasonlyafteratremendou

10、sspiritualconflict,lastingthreeorfouryears,thathefoundpeace.HisstrugglesarerelatedwithextraordinaryvividnessandintensityinhiseAboundingtothe”GracChiefofSinners."HiswritingbeganwithacontroversyagainsttheQuakedsshowsfromthefirstthecommandofahomelybutvigorousstyle.Likemostworkingmenatthetime,Bunya

11、nhadadeephatredforthecorrupted,hypocriticalrichwhoaccumulatedtheirwealth"byhookandbycrook.AsastoutPuritan,hehadmadeaconscientiousstudyoftheBibleandfirmlybelievedinsalvationthroughspiritualstruggle.Bunyan'sstylewasmodeledafterthatoftheEnglishBible.Withhisconcreteandlivinglanguageandcarefully

12、observedandvividlypresenteddetails,hemadeitpossibleforthereaderoftheleasteducationtosharethepleasureofreadinghisnovelandtorelivetheexperienceofhischaracters.68. WhatarethemaincharacteristicsofBunyansworks? Thelanguagesareconcreteandliving. Thestoriesarecarefullyandvividlydescribed. Theplotsareromant

13、icandtwisting. Theworksareeasytounderstand.A.B.C.D.5.作者写作的局限性也会一一披露/批评家也会毫不留情面批评作者/作品1) critics批评；评论家2) Presentawrongviewofsth呈现了某物的错误的观点3) Havenegativeeffecton4) Criticizesth5) Accusesbofsth6) Disadvantageofthebook练习：OnecriticismbyliteraryscholarPatriciaYaeger,leveledatGonewiththeWind,isforitsportr

14、ayalofAfricanAmericansinthe19thcenturySouth.FormerfieldhandsduringtheearlydaysofReconstructionaredescribedbehaving"ascreaturesofsmallintelligencemightnaturallybeexpectedtodo.Likemonkeysorsmallchildrenturnedlooseamongtreasuredobjectswhosevalueisbeyondtheircomprehension,theyranwildeitherfromwrong

15、pleasureindestructionorsimplybecauseoftheirignorance."InGonewiththeWindMitchellisblindtoracialoppressionand'theinseparabilityofraceandgender"thatdefinesthesouthernbellecharacterofScarlett,accordingtoPatriciaYaeger.YettherearecomplexitiesinthewaythatMitchelldealtwithracialissues.Scarlet

16、twasaskedbyaYankeewomanforadviceonwhotoappointasanurseforherchildren;Scarlettsuggesteda"darky",muchtothedisgustoftheYankeewomanwhowasseekinganIrishmaid,a"Bridget".AfricanAmericansandIrishAmericansaretreated"inpreciselythesameway"inGonewiththeWind,writesDavidO'Connel

17、linhis1996book,TheIrishRootsofMargaretMitchellsGonewiththeWind.Ethnicslurs(种族蔑称)ontheIrishandIrishstereotypesspreadineverypartofthenovel,O'Connellclaims,andScarlettisnotanexceptiontotheinsults.Andapparentlyinthenovel,theIrishAmericanO'HaraswereslaveholderswhereasAfricanAmericanswereheldassla

18、ves.67. DavidO'Connell'sviewisdifferentfromPatriciaYaeger'sinA.Mitchell'sEthnicslursinthenovelB.Mitchell'sdescriptionofslavelaborersC.Mitchell'sattitudetowardstheIrishpeopleD.Mitchell'swaysofdealingwithracialproblems6.代表作会着重分析，且分析其为什么很受成功1) makeadifferencetosb'sf某人的生活

19、产生了影响2) themostwidelyreceived/readbooks最为广泛接受的读物3) thebookisworthitsplace/nameinsomearea这本书值得它在某些区域所拥有的名声4) Fascinatesb使某人着迷5) Anencyclopedicknowledgeofsth百科全书6) sb.enjoyanationwidereputation某人享受全国声誉7) Thetopfictionbestseller最棒的畅销书8) Themostenduringlegacyofthework最为持久的遗产9) Invaluable;Well-known无价的10

20、) Deserveadditionalpraise值得额夕卜的称赞11) Aisasocialreformer社会改革家12) SbPopularizesth推广某事物13) Challengethewidelyacceptedwisdom挑战被广泛接受的智慧14) Sb'sextraordinaryachievement某人非凡的成就练习：GabyHick,athird-yearstudentfocusedonEnglishliteratureatBrownUniversity,callsit”oneofthefirstbooksthatkidsandyoungadultsreadt

21、hatdealswithseriousissuesrape,race,mentalissues'Sheadds,“ThestorymakestheseadultthemesaccessiblebecauseofScout.Thebook'ssetting,asmalltowninAlabamaaffectedbytheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,mayappearverydifferentfromtheexperienceofmostkidsreadingittoday.ButLee'swordsmakeherstoryfeeandpresent

22、.68. WhyisthenovelwellreceivedbyteenagersintheUS?A. BecauseitrevealsracialdiscriminationinAmerica.B. Becauseitmakessomeseriousadultissuesaccessible.C. Becauseawhiteauthortellsthestoriesaboutblackpeople.D. Becauseitiswidelyusedasatoolformoraljudgmentsinsociety.7.作者成长背景有助于写作1) sympathizewith与发生共鸣/iden

23、tifywith与.一致2) Sb'sfirsthandknowledgeofsth某事物的第一手资料3) shinethroughthebook通过这本书表现出来Practice:DorisLessinghashadafascinatinglife,borntoEnglishparents,shelivedinIranuntilshewasfive,beforemovingtoZimbabwe,whereshespentherformativeyearsgrowinguponafarm.TheGrassIsSinging,firstpublishedin1950,wasaninter

24、nationalsuccess.ThestoryfocusesonMaryTurner,thewifeofafarmer,whowasfoundmurderedontheporchofherhome.Noonewasreallysurprisedorparticularlyupset.Shewaswell-knownintheareaforkeepingherselftoherselfandfortreatingthelocalstaffbadly.Afterherbodywasfound,weweretakenbacktoheryoungerdaysandslowlydiscoveredwh

25、athappenedtoher.Mary'schildhoodwaslargelyunhappy.Shewasbroughtupbyparentswhoranastoreinafarmingcommunity.Herfatherwasadrunkandhermotherbitterandtwisted.Marywasdelightedtoleavehomeandgotajobinthecity.Withawidecircleoffriends,shehadnodesiretomarryuntilreachingherthirtiesandherfriendsstartedtotreat

26、herasoddbecauseshewasstillsingle.WhenDickTurneraskedhertomarryhim,sheagreedandwenttoliveonhisfarm,whereherlifecompletelychanged.Youmightbeforgivenforthinkingthatthisiscrimefiction.However,thisisnotreallythecase.WeknowrightfromthebeginningofthebookwhokilledMary,andtherearefewdoubtsthatshewasresponsib

27、le.ThemysteryisinfindingoutwhythemurdertookplaceandhowMaryturnedfromafun-lovingwomanintoacynical,over-bearingtyrant(暴君).Asacharacter,Maryisparticularlywell-drawn.Sheisthefocusofthestoryandherpastandfeelingsarecoveredingreatdepth.Shehadahardlife.Shemarriedamanwhomshedidnlovetofulfillherfriendsexpecta

28、tions.Yetherhusbandwasastrugglingfarmerlivingalonelylifestyleandafterinitialattemptstomakethebestofherlife,Maryrealizedheronlychanceofhappinesswastoescape.Heronlyacquaintancesbesidesherhusbandweretheservantsandasshehadbeenbroughtuptolookdownon“thenatives”,herrelationshipwiththemwasverystilted（矫揉造作的）

29、.Althoughherbehaviorwasn'talwaysacceptable,itiseasytounderstandwhysheactedthewayshedid.Herhusband,DickTurner,wasadifferentcupoftea.Hewascrazyaboutthelandhehadbought,buthisrelationshipwithhiswifewasdifficult.Hefoundithardtounderstandherconductanddidnalwaysappreciatehiswifeposition.Itisn'hardt

30、ofeelsorryforhim,althoughhislackofmentalstrengthdoessometimesdrivereadersmad.Therearetwoparticularthreadstothisbook.Oneispsychologicalitlooksatthementalsufferingofahumanbeingpushedtothelimitsofhis/herability.Theotherthreadisracism.MarywasbroughtuptolookdownuponnativeAfricansandherapproachtotheservan

31、tsputherinarealdilemma.Athirdthread,althoughnotsoobvious,isthepositionofwomeninsociety,particularlyinthewayMarywasvirtuallyforcedintomarriagebecauseofotherpeople'sopinions.Lessing'sfhratidknowledgeoflivingonafarminSouthAfricashinesthroughinthisbook.Theland,thecharacters,thefarmingareallvividlydescribedandreaderscanreallyseetheimages.Thebookisbeautifullywritten.Thelanguageusedsayswhatitneedsto,yetLessingstillmaintainshe