英语语法填空技巧与方法+70篇练习(含答案)

1、高考英语语法填空技巧与法真题剖析高考语法填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看下面的研究结果吧。只有数据事实最具说服力。1 .考什么？纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等 级、词类转换等。特别提醒：在纯空格题中，两年都没有要求考生根据上下文填写名词、动词、形容词和副词。我们认为，其原因有二：一是根据语境推测出要填哪一个名词、动词、形容词或副词，是完形填空要考查的容，若在语法填空中考查，是越权，是多管闲事；二是“语法填空”顾名思义是考语法，而根据语境填这四类词同语法规则关系不大，与“语法填空” 名不符实。不过，l

2、ess, more, most等词是可能在纯空格类题中考查的，因为这涉及到到语法一 一比较等级。我们认为，倒装句中的助动词和强调谓语动词的助动词(do, does, did),以及情态动词、强调结构中的it, that等都可能在纯空格题中进行考查，名词的数和所有格也可能在用括号中所给词 填空中进行考查，同学们千万不可忽视。2 .怎么考？(1)短文来源：都来自网上。(2)短文长度:-200词。短文难度：没有超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词。(4)短文题材：或体现文化涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。考点设置：(1)纯空格题：设 6-7个小题。用括号中所给词填空：设3-4个小题。(6)答案特点：纯空格题

3、：试题要求中已明文规定死了 “在空格处填入一个适当的词”，即一个小题或者一个空 格只能填一个单词。两年高考题的答案印证了这一点。用括号中所给词填空：试题中要求“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”，这个词的正确形式究竟 由几个单词组成？两年高考题的答案填一个或两个单词。所填词(答案)都是一些拼写简单的单词。2007年高考所填词均长 4.1个字母，其中，纯空格的答案只有2.4个字母；2008年所填t社均长4.45个字母，其中纯空格的答案只有3.8个字母。两年都有所填词位于句首，此时第一个字母要注意大写。两年都没有要求考生填像depend on中的介词on这类固定短语中的单词。特别提醒：尽管两年高考中“

4、使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”的答案只填一个或两个单词，但是 我们在平时的训练中应当不局限于此，要训练填一个、两个或多个单词的情况。非谓语动词中， 带to的不定式、现在分词的完成式都可能填两个单词；谓语动词的将来时、进行时和完成时等 也都可能填两个单词，而现在完成进行时等就可能填三个单词，被动语态至少都要填两个单词。解题高招1 .通读全文，把握大意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一 步非常重要。2 .结合语境，试填空格。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺Word资料.单词的词性，再根据句子的结

5、构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况：纯空格试题的解题技巧。首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧：技巧1:缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）。如：例 1I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and 38 gets there almost in asecond. （2007 年茂名一模）解析：and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词

6、或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，"马上可到达那里"的是the message ,替代the message用代词it。技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），很可能是填限定词。如：例 2It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty （9601279） was very anxiousto help 33 rice crop grow up quickly. （2008 年高考）解析：名词rice crop前还没有限定词，应当填限定词；根据句意，这个急性子人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗

7、长得快，故填形容词性物主代词his。例 3 the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to35 small townsome 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. （2007 年高考）解析：因单数可数名词town前还没有限定词，应填限定语；根据句意，是指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的一个小镇上去修理，表示“一个”，用不定冠词，故填a。技巧3:句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。例 4who should hav

8、e the honour of receiving me 33 a guest in their house. （2007 年高考）解析：因a guest在句中不作主语、表语、动词的宾语，前面一定是填介词，使其成为该介词的宾语；又由句意可知，他们“把我当作客人”来接待，表示“当作”，用介词 as。技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例 5 - -two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 34 Candido Portinari, which are worthmillions of dollars.解析：因与 Pablo Picass

9、o （毕加索）与Candido Portinari （坎迪多波尔蒂纳里）这两个名词之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，应填 and o例 6all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me 36 almost instantly gaveme a completely new sense of what life is all about. （2008 年一模）解析：因melted me和gave me两个动宾短语之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系， 故填and。技巧5：若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之

10、间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。例 7 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days 32 I was to return toGuangzhou. （2008 年一模）解析：因I wanted to是一个句子，I was to return也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词， 也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系，可知“参观这个城市的尽可Word资料.能多的地”应是在“返回”之前，故填before。例 8 He was very tired after doin

11、g this for a whole day,37 he felt very happy （2008 年高考）解析：因He was very tired是一个句子，he felt very happy也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系，可知“干了一整天活累极了”与“感到非常高兴”是转折关系，故填 but o技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do, does, did 等）。例 9What is acceptable in one coun

12、try 31 be considered extremely rude in another. （2007珠三角五校联考）解析：句中 What is acceptable in one country 是主语从句，空格后的 be considered 是谓语；因 其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does（由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数）；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may。例 10 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he

13、bringhome a regular salary.解析：这是一个由but连接的并列句，由前一分句的谓语动词had是一般过去时可知，后一分句的谓语动词 bring也应用一般过去时；可是， bring却用的是原形，既与语境的时态不附，也 与主语he不一致，该句不是倒装句，因此，此处必定是填情态动词或表示强调的助动词did ；由句意和作者的语气推测，应当填对谓语表示强调的助动词did（的确）技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。由it is -that强调结构形式，判断填 it还是that 。如：例 11 -and 40 was only after I heard she became

14、sick that I learned shecouldn 't eat MSG （味精）! （2007 年一模）解析：由句式结构可知，本句为强调句，应填 it。由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not,until, had 等，还是填 do, does, did 等。如：例 12with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.解析：由can you expect to可知，这是倒装句，根据构成倒装的条件可知，应填副词 only ,因 为only

15、+状语（with hard work）”放在句首，句子要用倒装。（3）由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填ito如：例 13 as 32 took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists （2008 年二模）解析：由句式结构可知，这是 it takes, sb. some time to do sth.句型，本句的不定式 to steal paintings是真正的主语，空格处填形式主语it。例 14Dating sites also make 36 easy to avoid

16、someone whom you are not interested in.（2008 年二模）解析：由句式结构可知，to avoid是真正的宾语，easy是宾补，空格处应填作形式宾语的it。（4）so /such that 句型。如：例 15 This made the goat so jealous 34 it began plotting against （谋戈豚t付）the donkey.（2007 年二模）解析：由句式结构可知，这是 sothat句型，应填that。（5）morethan（与其说不如说，比更）句型。如：例 16Cynthia s story shows vividl

17、y that people remember more how much a manager cares 40 how much he pays. （2007 宝安期末）解析：由句式结构可知，这是 more-than句型，故填that。句意是与经理所给的报酬相比，雇 员更铭记于心的是他的关心。2 2）给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧8:若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时， 所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例 17His fear of failure 36（keep

18、） him from classroom games that other children playedwith joyous abandon. （2008年一模）解析：因主语His fear of failure后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句谓语动词played可知，要用一般过去时，故填 kept。例 18 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined herInvitation,40（close） my book and walked awa

19、y. （2008 年一模）解析：虽然句中已有谓语动词declined ,但由and walked可知，所填词与 declined和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed o例 19 In Logan, three people 38（take）to a hospital, while others were treated at a localclinic. （2007 二模）解析：因主语three people与take是被动关系，即三个人被送进医院，故用被动语态；由 were treated可知，要用一般过去时，故填 were taken。技巧9:若句中已有谓语动词，又不是

20、并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词 就要确定用一ing形式、一ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的法主要有：作主语或宾语，通常用一ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。如：例 20 but it is not enough only 35（memorize） rules from a grammar book. （2007 年一模）解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式彳真正的主语，故填 to memorize。例 21（speak） out your inner feeling won t make you feel ashamed, on the contrar

21、y 解析：句中已有谓语 won't make ,所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语， 表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填 Speaking。作目的状语或者在形容词后的作状语，一般用不定式。如：例 22（complete） the project as planned, we1l have to work two more hours a day.解析：因句中已有谓语will have to work ,所以complete应为非谓语动词；因"（为了）按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填Tocompl

22、ete。例 23 Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely33 (succeed). (2008 年一模)解析：因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填 to succeed。作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。如：例 24 He saw the stone,37(say) to himself:The night will be very dark. ” (2008 年一1H)解析：句中已有谓语saw,所给

23、动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因 He与say是主动关系，故填 saying作伴随状语。例 25 The headmaster went into the lab,(follow) by the foreign guests.解析：句中已有谓语 went,而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词followed作伴随状语。不论非谓语动词在句中作种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用一ing形式，是被动关系用一ed形式。如：例 26 There will be a meeting,40(sta

24、rt) later this year to review the film. (2008 年二模) 解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting ,故填starting 。例 27 Lessons 39(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.(考试说明)解析：因句中已有谓语can help ,所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因 lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语彳定语，故填 learned。(3)、词类转换题的解题技巧根据该词在句子所作

25、句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体法有：技巧10:作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。如：例 28 The youngster immediately fell(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.解析：因在系动词 felt后作表语，用形容词，故填 silent。例 29 In a(danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to 解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填 dangerous。例 30 Teachers must try

26、their best to make most of their students (interest) in the subject解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣"，填interested 。技巧11 ：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。 如：例 31 When China s ancient scientific and technological(achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great I

27、nventions.解析：在时间状语从句中，要求填的词作主语，China s ancient scientific and technological 是主语的定语；作主语要用名词，又由 are可知，主语是复数，故填 achievements。例 32 These people have made great 39(contribute) to China with their work. (2007年茂名二模)解析：在句中作及物动词have made的宾语，要用名词形式；表示“作贡献”，其前面没有不定冠词时，习惯上用复数，故填 contributions。例 33 instructors e

28、xpect students to be familiar with 32(inform) in the reading (2008年三校联考)解析：因with是介词，在介词后作宾语，要用名词，故填 information。技巧12：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：例 34the remains date from this period because of their 38(similar) to those found elsewhere. (2008 年二模)解析：在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词，故填 similarities。例 35

29、With the large numbers of students, the(operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.解析：在冠词后，要用名词，故填 operation。技巧13：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：例 36 As I looked 32(close) at this girl, I fount that (2008 年一模)解析：修饰动词looked ,作状语，用副词，故填 closely。例 37 There must be something 40(seri

30、ous) wrong with our society. (2008 期末)解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong ,作状语，用副词，故填 seriously o例 38Singles are flocking( 涌向)to the Internet 33(main) because their busy lifestyles leavethem little time (2008 年三模)解析：修饰because引导的原因状语从句，修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词，故填 mainly。技巧14：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及

31、前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un , im 一等，在词根后加一less等。如：例 39 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is(use).解析：作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的"，故填uselesso例 40 Your mistake caused a lot of(necessary) work in the office.解析：在名词前作定语，仍用形容词形

32、式；但根据句意可知，错误是引起不必要的麻烦事，故填unnecessary。技巧15:括号中所给动词也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其比较等级。如：例 41-there was a lot of information about the city's well-known tourist 34(attract) (2008 年一模)解析：尽管attract是动词，但这是考查词类转换的；在句中作介词about的宾语，用名词，故填 attraction。例 42The other frog went on jumping as hard

33、 as he couldHe jumped even 36(hard) andfinally made himself out. (2008 年期末)harder解析：联系前句，又有even（更加）的提示，可知这里用比较级，故填例 43Storms which produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexico 's border with Texas on Friday, destroying homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people, several c

34、ritically, authorities said.The 33(bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80miles apart, police said. (2007二模)解析：结合前段容，特别是 the的提示，可知要用bad的最高级worst ,表示“最重的”。3 .重读全文，解决难题。在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。Word资料.In schools. Students sho

35、wed their fear and parents and teachers also expressed their great concern about it. Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of adolescents.Nowadays, school violence is 31 hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon, 32 calls for our great concern. We should try every effo

36、rt _ 33 (prevent) violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school 34 their personal safety could not 35 (guarantee). In fact, violence can 36 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from 37 they see on television or on the Internet.If I meet with scho

37、ol violence, I will not answer violence 38 violence, for it will result in 39 (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.All in all, every student should behave 40 (he) and keep away fromviolenc

38、e.答案：文章向我们介绍了作者对校园暴力的看法。31. a这里需要一个不定冠词表示某个的意思。32. 这里要用which引导一个非限制性定语从句，因为先行词为物，所以要用 which o33. .to prevent 不定式作目的状语。34. if/as long as人身安全得不到保障是辍学的条件，所以应该用引导连接条 件状语从句的连词。35. be guaranteed所给动词和其逻辑主语是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态。36. be learned 事实上；暴力是可以学的。37. what引导一个宾语从句，并且在从句中作宾语，所以要用 what。38. with 表示式，意思是 用”。39.

39、 more 由语境可知，以暴力对付暴力，只能产生更多的暴力。40. himself behave oneself 表现良好，行为良好。In the 1950s, a family that owned a farm near Beulah, Michigan kept a bull chained to an elm （榆树）.The bull paced 31 the tree, dragging the heavy iron chain, which led to a groove （ 槽）in the bark （树皮）.The groove 32 （deep） over the yea

40、rs. Though for whatever reason, it did not kill the tree.33 some years, the family took their bull away. They cut the chain, leaving the loop around the tree and one link 34（hang down）.Then one year, agricultural catastrophe struck Michigan in 35 form of Dutch elm disease. All of the elms lining the

41、 road leading to the farm became infected 36 died. Everyone thought that the old elm would be the next. The farm owners considered 37 (go) the safe thing: pulling it out and chopping it up into firewood before it died.38 (amazing), the tree did not die. Nobody could understand 39 it was the only elm

42、 still standing in the county. It' s said that 40 doesn' t kill you will make you stronger. Or, as a plant pathologists ( 病理学家 )put it , "Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest at the broken places." 答案：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过叙述一棵老榆树大难不死的故事告诉我 们这样一个道理：经历疼痛才能变得坚强，才能抵挡

43、住更大的困难甚至是灾难。 31. around 下文告诉我们，树皮被铁链磨出了一个槽。由此可以看出，这是 由牛绕着树来回踱步造成的。32. was deepened随着岁月的流逝，磨出来的槽逐渐被加深了。所以要用被动，另外，由于动作发生在过去，所以动词要用过去式。33. After after+时间段，表示经过一段时间之后。34. hanging down hang down和其逻辑主语one link是主谓关系，所以用现 在分词表示主动，构成leave+宾语+现在分词。35. the in the form of固定用法，意思是：以 的形式。36. and 榆树受到感染，继而死去。37. g

44、oing consider后跟动名词作宾语。38. Amazingly 副词作状语，修饰整个句子。39. why谁都不理解为什么只有这棵榆树依然耸立在那里。40. what引导一个主语从句，并在从句中作主语，所以用 what。I was going to the store one cold evening and as I was approaching the store there 31 a man in the front of the store. He looked at me and said really loud "Hi."I replied, "

45、;Hi, how are you?" He said "I am fine." and then he looked at me as if he recognized me and asked, "32 is your mother?"Of course, I didn't know what to say to that question 33 my mother had been 34 (die) for several years. I found this really strange so I finally said, &

46、quot;She is fine, thank you and how are you?"He also said he was fine. I then answered, "Good. Can I do 35 to help you at all?" All he said 36 I really could use a hug. I 37 (hug) him for a while this poor soul and a stranger. I said, "Where are you staying? Do you 38 a ride?&quo

47、t; He said, "No, I have my bike. I am living at the Church down the street." I answered, "Let me give you something. It's not much, but that is all I 39 afford." So I took out $10 from my purse and gave it to him then went home. To tell you the truth, I always feel helping ot

48、hers 40 really great. 答案：31. Was.此处是there be句型，时态为过去式，另外句子主语为单数形式。32. How.根据下文的容，这里是问 你妈妈好吗？33. because.从此处的逻辑关系和意义看，从句部分表示原因。34. dead.此处用die的形容词形式，用作表语。35. anything .该词用在疑问和否定句中，意为我能帮你做点什么吗？”。36. was.句子主语all he said为单数。37. hugged .这里的时态为过去时形式。38. need.该句的意思为 你需要坐车吗？”。39. can. afford常和情态动词连用。40. is.

49、主语是helping others,分词作主语按单数处理，这里的时态为一般现在 时No one knows what would happen in the future for sure. 31 we often think of the future and wonder what the world would be like 32 a hundred years' time.Think of space. Perhaps 33 permanent station on the moon will have been set up. Perhaps people will be

50、able to visit the moon 34 tourists. Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, 35 (permit) long journeys throughout the solar system. 36 that time comes, people will be taking holidays in space 37 visiting other planets, such as the Mars Colony and the Venus Exploration Outpost.Scienti

51、sts of the future will almost certainly find other ways to make life last 38 (long). 39 probably will find cures for most diseases. Hospitals will probably have "body banks" that can give you almost any new part you need to keep on 40 (live). People of the future may live to be a lot older

52、 than 100 years.答案：31. . But.本句与上一句是转折关系，故用转折连词but。32. in.表示将来多长时间之后时用介词in+一段时间名词”结构。33. a. station是可数名词且表示泛指，前面应有不定冠词a。34. as. as表示 作为"，符合题意。35. permitting . cheap rockets与permit之间是主动关系，应用现在分词短语 作状语表示伴随情况。36. When .此处表示将来的时间，应用 when引导时间状语从句。37. and.因两个动作表示并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。38. longer.由意义可知，此处表示

53、找到延长人类寿命的式，故 long应用比较 级形式。39. They, they用来指代上句中主语 scientists040. living . keep on doing sth .意为 继续”，故此处应用live的现在分词形式。Although most people believe that formal schooling is required for scientific success, a college degree is not always necessary. 31 excellent example of a man who won fame as a scient

54、ist 32 academic(学术的)training is Vincent J. Schaefer. His formal education ended 33 two years of high school when he had to go to work in an untrained job at General Electric. Because 34 his inventive mind and his skill as a model maker, he was soon allowed to try his own experiments in the company l

55、aboratory. His natural 35 (curious) made him wonder about clouds. He developed, after many tries, a method of making clouds rain 36 they would not normally do so. This method, 37 (call) seeding, has been very 38 (help) to farmers, and 39 made him win much fame.Schaefer believes that for people 40 mo

56、st of all, are interested in the world and everything in it, a college degree is unnecessary.答案：31. An. 因excellent以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词 an。32. without . without和名词连用表示某种状况，意为 没有”。33. after.表示过去的一段时间之后应和介词 after连用。34. of. because of是复合介词，意为 因为"，后接名词或代词。35. curiosity . 此处须用名词作主语，curious的名词形式是curiosity。3

57、6. when .此处表示时间，应用 when引导时间状语从句。37. called. this method与call存在被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。38. helpful, very后应接help的形容词helpful有益的”。39. it. it此处指前一分句的整个情况。40. who . who用来引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是people。I remember my first Christmas adventure with Grandma. I remembertearing across town 31 my bike to visit her on the day

58、my big sister dropped the bomb. "There is no Santa Claus." she laughed. Even dummies(傻瓜) know that!" I 32 (flee) to Grandma 33 I knew she would be straight with me. She always told the truth."No Santa Claus?" she said. "Ridiculous! Don't 34 . Put on your coat, and let's g