2019届高考英语二轮专题复习(历届高考题分类解析)：阅读理解

1、2018全国I卷AWashington, D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous m

2、onuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on

3、the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to exp

4、erience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route ( 路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital

5、 Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your

6、 guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital

7、City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night pro

8、vide?A. City maps. B. Cameras.C. Meals. D. Safety lights.语篇解读关键词bike tour , Washington, D.C., explore主旨概要本文是一篇应用文，分别介绍了四种骑自行车游览华盛顿的活动。百科知识Ma地,川：国家广场，是位于美国首都华盛顿特区的一处开放型国家公园。这里是美国国家 同时也是美国历史上重大示威游行、民权演说的重要场所。Capitol Hill:国会山，也就是通常说的国会大厦，因其坐落在华盛顿特区海拔25米的全城最高点而得名国会山。语百知识重难点词reserve 预订；view 参观； explore 探

9、索； share 讲述； knowledgeable 知识渊 博的；bike v骑自行车重难点词块a guided tour 有导游的观光； bottled water 瓶装水；entertain sb with sth 用某 事物使某人快乐； get up close to 靠近；be equipped with 配备；reflective vests 反光背心；book in advance提前预订长难句分析Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear! 句 意为：趁樱花正盛，门票未磬，赶紧预

10、订景点！句中availability指“可购得，可买到”的状态。Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort.句意为：无论上午还是下午，无论是初来乍到还是当地居民，如果想要 一种健康舒适的方式感受华盛顿，骑车游览都是最佳选择。looking to 作 newcomers and locals 的后置定语。答案与解析21

11、. A 事实细节题根据第一段最后一句，Reserve your spot before availability and thecherry blossoms disappear!可知，骑车看樱花是需要提前预定的。22. D 事实细节题根据第三段第二句， Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with themost interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. 可知答案。23. D 事实细节题根据第四段最后一句All riders are equipped

12、with reflective vests andsafety lights.可知答案。BGood Morning Britain s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visit

13、s a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she been able to put a lot of what she s learnt into practice in her own home, preparing me

14、als for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,“ she explains. I pay 5 for a portion）, bur Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but

15、 sometimes we re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series （系歹U节 目）,Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our bi

16、ggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still ta

17、sty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.D. She has had a tight budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prep

18、ares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion

19、.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef语篇解读关键词Save Money: Good Food主旨概要本文是l篇新闻报道，介绍了Susanna Reid主持的悬饪下目 Save Money: GoodFood。这个节目旨在帮助家庭烹饪省钱、美味又营养的食物。百科知识ITV （Independent Television）:独立.电视台，英国第一大无线电视经宫商，

20、于1955年设立。Good Morning Britain早安英国,ITV的王牌节目，主持人是Susanna ReicL原文出处选自英国网站 EXPRESS2017年 4月 8 日名为 Good Morning Britain s Susanna R on new cooking on a tight budget 的文早。https:/www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/789102/Good-Morning-Britain-Susanna-Reid-cooking语百知识重难点词grill vt追问，盘问（grill基本义是“烧烤”，当人被反复盘问，就像是放

21、在烧烤 架上受即熬，因此 grill衍生为“追问，盘问”）takeaway n外卖食品；外卖餐馆 （takeaway是由take + away构成的合成名词） value n 划算程度；range 一系列； special n 特别下目；inspiration 好土思； transform 使改变重难点词块be used to doing sth 习惯做某事；cook up a storm 尽情 / 起劲地做饭；on a tight budget 预算紧张；put . into practice 将 付诸实践；follow in the footsteps of 效仿 ，give sb adv

22、ice on .给某人某方面的建议； the vast range of各式各 样的;household expense 家庭开销; come to the aid of sb = come to sb s aid 来 帮助某人；assist sb in (doing) sth帮助某人(做)某事长难句分析In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the helpeidD. Cooking Well for Lessof chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on

23、 how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 per family 旬蠢为：在 Save Money: Good Food 节目中，她每周拜访一个家庭，在厨师 Matt Tebbutt的帮助下，为每个家庭准备每天花 费不到5英镑的食谱，同时提供如何减少食物浪费的局招。with the help of chefMatt Tebbutt是插入语，and连接动词visits和offers, while引导时间状语从句。答案与解析24. B 推理判断题 根据第段 ，but she is cooking up a storm

24、 in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. 和第二段 In Save Money: Good Food , she visits .可推断，Susanna Reid 主持了一个新的烹饪节目 Save Money: Good Food。25. C 推理判断题 根据第二段 with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt . 及第三段 I pay 5 for a portion, but Matt makes them

25、for 26p a portion .可推知厨师 Matt 帮助 Susanna做一些烹饪方面的工作。26. C写作目的题 根据第四段可知 Save Money: Good Food这个节目仿效了 ITV出品的节目 Save Money: Good Health。由此可知，这里作者是想介绍 Save Money: Good Food这个节目的 背景信息。27. D主旨大意题 本文主要介绍了 Susanna Reid主持的电视节目Save Money: Good Food。由第一段 . showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritiou

26、s meals on a tight budget , 第 二段 . offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 perfamily a day 和最后段 The team transforms . with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 可知 Save Money: Good Food这个节目旨在帮助家庭用更少的钱做出美味可口的饭菜。CLanguages have been coming and going for thous

27、ands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the w

28、orld had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of

29、 the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world

30、has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,0

31、00; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number ( 中位 数)of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 lan

32、guages are close to extinction ( 消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have muc

33、h chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patterns. D. They were closely connected.29. Which of the following best explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2?A. Complex.B. Advanced

34、.C. Powerful.D. Modern.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A. About 6,800.B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400.D. About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. People s lifestyles are reflected in languages.C. Human development resu

35、lts in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language evolution.语篇解读关键词languages, disappear主旨概要本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着人类社会的发展，很多语言逐渐消失。百科知识1 .语言多样性是文化多样性的重要组成部分。全世界大约有6800种语言，但超过 400多种语言处于濒危境地，只有为数不多的老人会说这些语言。而每两周就会有一种语言消失， 随之湮火的还用宝贵的文化财富。2 . the median number中位数，又称中点数、中值。中位数是按顺序排列的一组数据中居于 中间位置的数，即在这组数据中

36、，有一半的数据比它大，有一半的数据比它小。原文出处选自美国经济学人 The Economist, 2004 年 12 月 29 日名为 Bable runs backwards (The world s languages are disappearing at the rate of one a fortnight. What to do?) 的文早。语百知识重难点词populate （某地区）居住着；hunter-gatherer游猎聚集部族成员；settled稳te的，固te的；nation-state 单一民族的独立国豕；increasingly不断增加地；distribution 分

37、布；uneven不均衡的；relatively相对地；pick举例重难点词块come and go 来来去去；pattern of speech HFW模式；independent of 不受 白影响； soon afterwards 不久以后；settle down （地）定居 卜来;compulsory education 义务教育；take over占上风；mild zones气候温和地带；hot, wet zones 气候湿热地带；accounts for （数量 上、比例上）占；well over远远超出；be close to几乎（处于杲种状态）；at random 随机； hav

38、e much chance of的可能性很大长难句分析and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.句息为：亚洲和环太平洋地区大概后3200种语百，其中仅巴布亚新几内亚一个国豕的语言就远超 800种。of which引导一个非限制性te语从句，修饰先仃词3,200。句中的well为副词，意为“相当；远远地”。The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half

39、the worlds languagesare spoken by fewer people than that. 句意为：所有语言使用者的中位人数仅为6000人，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言，它们的使用人数小于6000人。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前卸的句子。写作句型. none of these seems to have much chance of survival .28. B 事实细节题 根据第一段第二句和第三句， When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers . they spoke perhaps 12,

40、000 languages between them. 可知， 在游猎采集时代，虽然人口很少，但语言种类很多。29. C 词义猜测题 根据第二段最后一句中的 increasingly taking over ， 意为 “越来越占据统治 地位” ，可知 dominant 意为“占优势的；占支配地位的” 。30. B 事实细节题 根据第三段最后一句， The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than tha

41、t. 以及第四段第一句中的 the total of 6,800 languages 可知答案。31. C 主旨大意题 通读全文， 可知文章主要讲述随着人类社会的发展， 语言的种类越来越少。DWe may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （ 装置 ） well after they go out of s

42、tyle. That s bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracke

43、d the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and

44、box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn t throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced

45、and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house, ” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We re not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the an

46、alysis of Babbitt s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放 ） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what s the solution （解决方案 ）? The team s data only went up to 2

47、007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computer

48、s could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B

49、. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?C. The LCD TV.A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about o

50、ld electronic devices?A. Stop using them.C. Upgrade them.B. Take them apart.D. Recycle them.关键词主旨概要百科知识语篇解读throw out old electronic devices本文是一篇说明性议论文，作者介绍了新旧电子设备的能耗调查，借此论证新电子设备 比过时的旧设备更节能、更环保，呼吁人们为了节能环保不要再使用已经过时的旧电子 设备，而使用集多种功能为一体的新电子设备。desktop computers ：台式电脑basic mobile phones:相对于智能手机 （smart phon

51、es）而言，主要功能为通话和收发短信。box-set TVs：箱式电视机LCD TVs:LCD是Liquid Crystal Display的简称，LCD TVs全称是液晶显示屏电视。tablets:平板电脑（Tablet Personal Computer）的简称，是一种小型、方便携带的个人电脑，以触 摸屏作为基本的输入设备。e-readers:电子书阅读器TVs with cathode ray tubes:CRT电视机，CRT是cathode ray tubes （阴极射线管）的简称。原文出处选自美国网站 Sciencemag, 2015年 2 月 6 日名为 Why you shoul

52、d throw out your old TV 的乂早。/news/2015/02/why-you-should-throw-out-your-old-tv语百知识重难点词outdated过时的；consume消耗；track vt跟踪 （track名词的基本义是足迹，名词 用作动词基本义是 “沿着足迹”，即跟踪）；mine开采；readout数字读出；evolve进化， 演变；group vt把 分类；把 分组 （group名词的基本义是 组 ，名词用作动词 意为 分组 ）；define界te; accumulate收集；on-demand应顾

53、客要求即可提供的； cut减少重难点词块get rid of 丢弃； at the first sight of -看见（就）；go out of style 过时；figure out 弄清楚 /弄明白；sth arrived on the scene in某事物于出现； show up 出现；throwout 扔掉；sth gets planted in 某物被放置在（plant vt 稳固地放置）；contribution to对的促成作用；up to 直到；replacewith用 代替 ,no better than 同（几乎）一样；conduct the research 开展研允

54、；the life cycle of a product 广品使用周期； take apart 把 W#长难句分析We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new.句意为：我们或许会认为自己有这样的习惯：Ti见新科技产 品就会扔掉我们在用的旧产品。According to the analysis of Babbittold deskeapnmonitors and box TVs with cathoderay tubes

55、 are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window. 句忌 为：Babbitt的团队分析显示，旧台式电脑显视器和CRT电视机是最糟糕的电器，（因为）在1992年到2007年期间，它们的能耗和温室效应气体排放量比现在的一倍还多。,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consu

56、mers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.句意为：，不过研究者还探讨了如果消费者把旧的产品替换为多功 能的新电子设备会发生什么情况，例如可用来处理文字和看电视的平板电脑。They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers

57、could cut energy consumption by 44%. 句意为: 他们发现，平板电 脑上点播观看娱乐节目比用电视和台式电脑观看能减少44%的能源消耗。答案与解析32. A 推理判断题 根据第一段最后一句ThatS bad news for the environment as theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. 可 知，做同样的事，过时的电子设备比新设备耗能更多。由此可推断，作者认为新设备更节能、更环保。33. D 事实细节题 根据第二段第一句To figure out how much power these devices areusing,可知，Babbitt的团队开展研究是为了查明新旧电子设备的耗能量。34. B 推理判断题 根据最后段 They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%. 可知，使用 平板电脑观看娱乐节目比用电