大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总

1、1.if句中虚拟形式三级语法考点归纳if引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）条件与现在相反 与将来相反 与过去相反从句did (be >were)did (be *were)had done主句would/ should/ might/ could dowould/ should/ might/ could dowould/ should/ might/ could havedone例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.t have been broken (break) into.If they hadn &#

2、39; t gone on vacation, their house wouldn2.原形虚拟:a.表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。suggest, dema nd, advise, propose, order, arran ge, in sist, comma nd, require, request, desire that (should) do例女 He suggested that we should leave early.My suggesti on is that we should tell him.b. It is (was)形容词 /

3、名词 that (should) do/例女 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：小. .例女口 It is time we went to1, It 1 s (high, about, the etc.) time (that)词过去时例如 It ' s time we left.宁愿2 would rather/so oner 好像 as if/ thoughwould rather/sooner谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相谓语用过去完成时与过去相反C. woul

4、d ； were D.as if/though4 练习1. I try it agai n if I you.A. will ； amB. should; amwould ； had been2. If it notIlive.C. were ； couldD.did ；the preside nt of thisA. were ； would not B. is ；3. If I school.could not could notB. had not had ； would not haveA. have not had; could not becomebecomeC. did not

5、have ； could not becomeD. doesn*t have ； will not become4. He by that burglar if you to save him.A. might have been k川ed ； hadn't come B. will be k川ed ； didn*t comeC. may be killed ； didrt comeD. could be k川ed ； haven't come5. If it for your help ， I that hard time with so little money.A. we

6、re not ； would not spendC. had not been ； would not have spent spend6. Where you go if war ?A. will ； breaks outC. would ； were to break outB. is not ； can not spendD. have not been ； will notB. do ； will break outD. will ； is to break outA. doesn*t doB. didn' t do t doneC. haven't done D. h

7、adn'7. She wishes she that humiliating thing.8. The chairman suggested that the meeting put off.D. will beD. wentD. will begin to（译文；如果我是你，我会再试一A. can be B. beC. is immediately.B. must go C. goes do our homework.B. can begin to C. began to9. It is vital that he A. should go10. It is time we A. b

8、egin to 答案：1.选C。表示与现在事实相反的假设（指现在的假设）次）2选A。表示与现在事实相反的假设（指现在的假设）。（译文：要是没有水，植物就不 能存活。）3.选B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。4A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。（译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀 了。）5 . C。与过去事实相反的假设。（译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。）6 .选C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。（译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？）7 .选D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。（译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。）8 .选B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。（译文：主席建

9、议会议延期举行。）9 .选A。虚拟语气用于主语从句（It is / was +形容词+ that引导的分句）。10 .选C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time （that）句型。（译文：我们该开始做作业了。）.动词的时态1 .各个时态动词基本变形一般现在时 be(is,am,are) do/does现在进行时be(is/am/are)+doing现在完成时have/has done现在完成进行时have/has bee n doing一般过去时was/were did过去进行时was/were doing过去完成时had done过去完成进行时had bee n doing一般将来时w川

10、do将来进行时w川do将来完成will have done将来完成进行时w川 have bee n doing一般过去将来时would do过去将来进行时 would be doing过去将来完成时would have done过去将来完成进行时would have beer doing2 .时间状语与动词时态的搭配一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。always 'usually, sometimes,月殳现在时do/doesamis arelast week, yesterday, a few days ago月殳 过去时didwas/ werenext week, tomorro

11、w, in a week, this year 月殳将来时 will donow, at prese nt, at this mome nt现在进行时 be +do ingso far, up to now, by the time, si nee 的主句 现在完成时 has/have done3,练习，用动词的适当形式填空1. He(be) eightee n n ext year.2. It(rain) every day so far this mon th.3. Mozart(write) more tha n 600 pieces of music.4. If it(rain) to

12、morrow ，we' II have to stay at home.5. How fast he(drive) whe n the accide nt happe ned?6. By the time Mr. Smith left school ， he(teach) that course for twenty-five years.7. Perhaps he(fini sh) read ing the book by this time tomorrow.1 ,填w川be。next year为表示将来时态的时间状语2 .填has rained so far是“到目前为止”的意思

13、，常和现在完成时搭配使用。3 .填wroteo Mozart (莫扎特)是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。4 .填rains。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。5 .填wasdriving。表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。6 .填had taught句中有by the time Mr. Smith left school，主语的谓语应用过去 完成时。7 .填will have finished。句中有by this time tomorrow ,主语的谓语应用将来完成时。三动词的被动语态1.各个时态的被动语态时态一般现在 时现在进行 时般 过去 时过去进 行时一般将

14、 来时过去将 来时现在 完成 时过去 完成 时现在完 成进行 时将来完成时主 动doam/is/are doingdidwas/ were doingwill dowould dohas/ have donehad donehas/ have bee n doingwill have done被 动am/is/are doneam/is/are being donewas/were donewas/ were being donewill be donewould be donehas/ have bee n donehad bee n donewill have bee n done1. T

15、he con structi on of the library before the end of n ext mon th.A. must have completedB. must have bee n completedC. must be completedD. must complete2. The subject of these lectures by the lecture committee.A. announcesB.have bee n announcedC. announ cedD. has bee n announ ced3. My pictures un til

16、n ext week.A. won' t developB. aren* t developingC. don' t developD. won' t be developed4. They so that we wouldn t recognize them.A. costumedB. disguisedC. were disguis ingD.were disguised5. All the apparatus 器械） before the experime nt bega n.A. had been prepared B. were prepared C. had

17、 been prepared D. had prepared6. The world' s supplies of copper.A. have bee n gradually being exhausted B. has gradually exhaustedC. are gradually exhaustedD. are being gradually exhausted7. The goods whe n we arrived at the airport.A. were just uni oadi ngB. were just being uni oadedC. had jus

18、t uni oadedD. were just bee n uni oaded8. Tom the best student in his class.A. regards B. regards as C. has regarded as D. is regarded as9. The sports meeting because of the bad weather.A. put off B. was put off C. was putted off D. has put off1. Co情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+dona （译：至U下月底图书馆的修建必须 完工）2. D现在完

19、成时的被动语态为：have been+done译(：讲座的课题已由讲座委员会 宣布 了。)3. D。一般将来时的被动语态为：w川be+done,其否定形式为：will not be +done4. D一般过去时的被动语态为was/were+过去分词(译:为了不让我们认出来，他们伪装 了起来)5. C。过去完成时的被动语态的构成为：had been+过去分词。6. D现在进行时的被动语态为：are/is/am being+过去分词。(译:世界的铜资源正逐渐被 耗尽)7. B。过去进行时的被动语态为：was/were being+过去分词。(译:我们到机场时正在卸 货物。)8. Do(译文：汤姆被

20、认为是班里最好的学生。)9. Bo (译文：运动会因天气不好被取消了。)四定语从句1 .定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词， 词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后，由父系词(父系代词或关系副词)引 出。关系代词有： who, whom, whose, that, which 等。关系昌J词有：whe n, where, why等。例题： The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds、 could go penniless by ne

21、xt year.A. the large oneB. the larger of whichC. the largest oneD. the largest of which选B。因为前面有two，所以不能选D, A没有连接手段，也不能选。三级试题中定语 从句的考题：1 、I tried to get of the business I found impossible to carry on.A) why B) which C) what D) where2、Once more I have to leave Beijing , I have been living for eight ye

22、ars.A) that B) where C) which D) as3、This book is designed for the leaners native languages are not English.A)whose B)which C)who D)what4、She got to know the young man very well she had worked for so long.A)to whom B)i n whom C)whom D)with whom5、The hotel duri ng the vacati on was rather poorly man

23、aged.A)as I stayed B)where I stayed C)which I stayed D)what I stayed6、There are so many dresses there that I really dotnknow to choose.A)whether B)whe n C)which D)why7、I think that Anna is far the most active member in our group.A)with B)at C)as D)by五倒装1 .当only放在句首，表示强调时，要用倒装例：Only in this way can y

24、ou solve this problem.只有用这种方法，你才可以解 决这个问 题。Only yesterday did I finish the book.到昨天我才读完那本书。2 .具有否定意义的副词或词组用于句首，要用倒装。常见的否定词有：n ever,seldom, rarely, little, hardly, not until, by no means, not only, neither, no sooner, hardly 等。伤(j句： Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.1、Olny when we h

25、ad finished all the work that it was too late to take a bus home. A)did we realize B)i nformi ngC)i nformed D)to inform2、Not until the day before yesterday to give a speech at the meeting. A)he agreed B)does he agree C)he agrees D)did he agree3、Young he is, he has proved to be an able sale sman. A)t

26、hat B)who C)as D)which4、Not until yesterday anything about the project that will be completedsoon.A)did I lear n B)have I learnt C)l learntD)that I learnt5、He is used to flying by air and on no occasion frightened.A)he has ever felt B)he ever feels C)ever does he feel D)has he ever felt6、So after sh

27、e learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep that n ight.A)excited the mother wasB)was the mother excitedC)the mother was excitedD)excited was the mother7、So loudly that people could hear it out in the street.A)did the stude nts play the musicB)the stude nts play ing themusicC)the stude

28、nts played the music played the music D)have the students六it的用法1.it作形式主语或者形式宾语It is necessary for us to learn English, it 这里指代 to learn EnglishIt was not very clear what she meant, it 这里指代 what she meant2. it在强调句型强调句型的结构为：It is/was +被强调部分+ that(who) +句子的其余部分练习 1. It was only when I read his poems re

29、cently I began to appreciatetheir beauty.A. until B. that C. then D.so选B。强调句型强调when引导的时间状语从句。2.It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. that B. until C. beforeD. when选A。强调句型强调时间状语七形容词比较级1 .不规则变法good/wellbad many/much little2 .形容词比较级结构形容词+thanthan money. (2)

30、 the +形容词比较级、medicine I take比较级最高级betterbestworseworstmoremostlessleast例句： Real friendship is more valuable the +形容词比较级例句：The more大学英语三级考试常考词组和固定搭配（介词+名词）by accident on account of in addition in addition to in the air on (the/an) average on the basis off at (the) best for the better on board out of

31、breath on business in any case in case of i n case in no caseby chance in charge (of) (a) round the clock in common in conclusion on condition that in confidence in connection with/to in consequence in consequence of on the contrary因为由于 另外除之升在潦行中.在传拾中平均'一般来 说根羸在的基础上充其 量，至多好转，改善衽/合(车.无论如何,总之假使，万一

32、假使”以防（万一）免得决不偶然.碰巧负责，主管昼夜不条地共用，共有，共同最后，卓之«条佯下借任关于因妣，结果由于的线故反之，正相反飞机）上口关不过气来因公.因事与成对照失去控制被控制住不惜任何代价以为代价在过程中，在.期当钱.自然在危阻中，墓危脱离危险过期C时）的时新的欠债详细地处境困难在远处下班值班.上班几竟，到底无论如何有效：实际上万一，如果发生例如之外面对，不顾，即使其实，实际上烧着步行有效1实施中有利于，费成.支持in contrast with/toout of controlunder controlat all costsat the cost ofin the cou

33、rse ofof coursein dangerout of dangerout of dateup to datein debtin detailin difficultiesin the distanceoff dutyon dutyon earthat all eventsin any eventin the event offor examplewith the exception of .in the face ofin facton fireon footin forcein fawo (u) r ofin front ofin (the) futureon guardin gon

34、oralin halfat handfrom tip to toeby handhand down tohand in handin handon handon (the) one hand .on the other hand .at heartby heartat homein honour ofon one's honourin a hurryfor instanceat intervalsat lastat leastin the leastat lengthin the light ofin line在面前今后，将来Vfir防范通大体上成两半在手边，在附近彻着彻尾，宪全用手往

35、下传，传给（后代）手拉手.携手在中在控制中在手边，临近一方面另一方面在内心，实质上牢记凭记忆在在EB内，自在，自如 以纪念，向聂示敬蠹 以名誉担保 匆忙地，立即例如，举例说不时，时时豪终，终于至少，最低限度一点.丝毫终于，最后；详细地按If .根据成一宜线，排成一行与一比按照in line withat a loss现在，毗刻片刻，一会儿现在，暂时立刻，马上本质上有时，不时秩序井fth整齐以便，为了以便发生故障，失调独自地.教立地特别地.尤其，详细地在过去.以往亲自在适当的位*代替起初，首先最后不得其所的，不适当的即将的时候切中要害，切JRas a matter of fact by all

36、means by means of by no means in memory of at the mercy of by mistake at the moment for a moment for the moment in a moment in nature on occasion in order in order to in order that out of order on one's own in particular in the past in person in place in place of in the first place in the last place out of place on the point to the point 困惑，不知所措 其实，事实上无论如何，必定借助于，用决不纪念支配下in practice out of practice at在实际中.实际上久不练present for the present in习,荒疏且it现在目proportion to in public for前.曹时(the) pur