结构设计常用专业英语词汇汇编

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上结构设计常用专业英语词汇汇编（V1.0）课题类别： 院业务建设项目课题编号： Y 0707S3317课题负责人：包联进 课题参加人：黄永强 陈建兴 孙战金 童 骏 王红生 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司国际工程设计部200710专心-专注-专业Contents I 上册目录Contents II 下册目录上 册Chapter 1 Loads and Action第一章 荷载与作用accidental combination偶然组合accidental load偶然荷载action作用apartment公寓arched roof拱形屋面area projected on a

2、 horizontal plane水平投影面ash load积灰荷载attic阁楼balcony阳台ballroom/ dance hall舞厅basic load combination基本荷载组合basic variable基本变量basic wind speed基本风速boundary condition边界条件boundary layer边界层cab驾驶室（吊车）canopy雨棚cantilever member悬挑构件cantilever slab悬臂板case工况catwalk马道characteristic value/nominal value/standard value标准

3、值characteristic/nominal combination标准组合cladding system围护系统coefficient of thermal expansion温度膨胀系数column effective length柱有效长度combination value组合值comply with requirement of Chinese code满足中国规范要求concentrated load集中荷载concentration of plastic deformation塑性变形集中construction and maintenance load施工和检修荷载constr

4、uction load施工荷载construction sequence施工顺序control room控制室corner转角，角部corridor走廊crane load吊车荷载crane wheel load吊车轮压dead load恒载dead-load-resisting moment恒载产生的弯矩deformed position变形后位置degree of reliability可靠度density密度design reference period设计基准期design situation设计状况design value设计值design value of a load荷载设计值d

5、esign working life设计使用年限determinate structure静定结构diaphragm stiffness楼板刚度differential settlement不均匀沉降distribution factor of snow pressure 屋面积雪分布系数double span double pitched roof双跨双坡屋面during service life使用期间dynamic analysis动力分析dynamic coefficient动力系数earthquake action地震作用eave屋檐/挑檐edge beam边梁edge column

6、边柱elasticity modulus 弹性模量electric hoist电动葫芦element check构件校核enclosed structure封闭式结构energy能量equibrium equation平衡方程equivalent uniform live load等效均布活荷载expansion膨胀exposure category地面粗糙度类别（美）exposure factor for wind pressure风压高度变化系数（美）field experiment现场试验fire escape防火楼梯first mode第一振型fixed seats固定座位flat r

7、oof平屋顶flexible lifting hook软钩吊车floor live load楼面活荷载fluid pressure流体压力fractile分位值frequent combinations频遇组合frequent value频遇值fundamental combination基本组合gable山墙garage车库geometrical parameter几何参数gradient height梯度风高度gust阵风gust factor coefficient阵风系数gymnasium健身房hand-geared bridge crane手动吊车handrail栏杆，扶手hard

8、lifting hook硬钩吊车height variation factor of wind pressure风压高度变化系数height-to-width ratio高宽比heliport直升飞机平台horizontal component水平分量horizontal load水平荷载horizontal load on railing栏杆水平荷载hydrostatic uplift load水浮力impact factor冲击系数impact load冲击荷载importance factor重要性系数indeterminate structure超静定结构interpolation内插

9、值法laboratory实验室large(long)-span structure大跨结构lateral force on crane runaway beam吊车横向水平荷载lateral load侧向力leeward背风面lifted load吊重limit state极限状态live load活荷载load code for the design of building structures建筑结构荷载规范load combination荷载组合load combination coefficient荷载组合系数load effect荷载效应lobby大厅local area局部部位lo

10、cal load局部荷载longitudinal force on crane runaway beam 吊车纵向水平荷载long-term deflection长期变形magnification factor of wind fluctuation脉动增大系数manned roof上人屋面mass质量material property材料性能maximum wheel load最大轮压mean roof height平均屋面高度minimum potential energy principle最小势能原理mode superposition振型叠加法mountainous region山区

11、movable seats活动座位multi degree-of-freedom system多自由度体系multi-defense system多道设防体系occupancy category房屋类别office building办公楼on adjacent span相邻跨on alternate span隔跨on the entire span满跨on the half span半跨open-frame tower敞开式塔架operating load操作荷载operating room手术室overturning倾覆overturning moment倾覆弯矩parapet wall女儿

12、墙partial safety factor for loads荷载分项系数partially enclosed structure半敞开式结构partition load隔墙荷载passenger vehicle客车patient room病房performance function功能函数period for no.1第一周期period reduction factor周期折减系数permanent action（load）永久作用（荷载）permanent load永久荷载permanent partition固定隔墙pitched roof坡屋顶，斜屋面place of public

13、 assembly人口密集处plant厂房platform看台Poisson's ratio泊松比pond load积水荷载portable partition可移动隔墙primary load-resisting system主要承重体系probability distribution概率分布probability of failure失效概率purlin檩条quasi-permanent combinations准永久组合quasi-permanent value准永久值rated capacity 额定起重量（吊车）reading room阅览室recurrence interv

14、al重现期reducing coefficient of live load活荷载折减系数reduction of live load活荷载折减reference snow pressure基本雪压reference wind pressure基本风压reliability可靠性reliability index可靠指标repeated service load反复荷载representative value 代表值representative value of a load荷载代表值representative value of gravity load重力荷载代表值residential住

15、宅resistance抗力ridge屋脊roof garden屋顶花园roof live load屋面活荷载roof slope屋面坡度safety category安全等级saw-toothed roof锯齿形屋面scaffolding脚手架self-straining force自应力荷载serviceablility limit state正常使用极限状态shape factor of wind load 风荷载体形系数shear modulus剪切模量single degree-of-freedom system单自由度体系single span monopitched roof单跨单

16、坡屋面skylight天窗sliding滑移snow load雪荷载soil pressure土压力stack room书库stage舞台stair楼梯stair tread踏步板statistical data统计资料statistical parameter统计参数steel rail钢轨，轨道stiffness刚度stiffness enlargement factor for middle-span beam中梁刚度放大系数stiffness restraint of backfill soil to basement回填土对地下室约束的相对刚度storey drift层间位移stra

17、in energy应变能stress-strain relationship应力应变关系strong shear weak bending强剪弱弯suburban area城市郊区take-off weight起飞重量temporary partition临时隔墙terrain roughness地面粗糙度the most critical combination最不利组合the most critical effect最不利效应the worst case最不利情况theatre剧院time history analysis时程分析transverse traveling load横向行驶的

18、荷载（吊车）tributary area从属面积trolley小车（吊车）tunnel test风洞试验ultimate limit state承载能力极限状态unbalanced accumulation不均匀堆积unenclosed structure敞开式结构unmanned roof不上人屋面urban area城市市区variable action（load）可变作用（荷载）variational principal变分原理vertical component竖向分量vertical element竖向构件vertical load竖向荷载virtual work虚功wind flu

19、ctuation factor脉动影响系数wind fluttering factor风振系数wind load 风荷载wind shield挡风板wind-excited oscillation风致振动windward 迎风面work功working grade工作级别（吊车）Chapter 2 Seismic Design第二章 抗震设计accidental eccentricity偶然偏心additional bending moment附加弯矩additional damping附加阻尼additional seismic action factors at top of the bu

20、ilding 顶部附加地震作用系数allowable value of drift angle层间位移角限值amplifying factor for elaso-plastic story drift弹塑性层间位移放大系数artificial acceleration time-history curve人工模拟加速度时程曲线avalanche崩塌axial-force-ratio轴压比backing bar垫板base shear force底部剪力base shear method基底剪力法bearing wall承重墙boundary of slope边坡边缘brittle mode

21、of failure脆性破坏buried depth埋置深度cast-in-situ concrete floor现浇混凝土楼板center of mass质量中心center of rigidity刚度中心circular natural frequency自振圆频率code for seismic design of buildings建筑抗震设计规范compaction method加密法composite floor with fluted plate压型钢板钢筋混凝土组合楼板compound hoop复合箍筋compound or continuous compound rectan

22、gular spiral hoop复合或连续复合矩形螺旋箍concentrically braced frame中心支撑框架confining boundary element约束边缘构件core column芯柱corner column角柱coupled torsion method扭转藕联方法coupling beam连梁critical damping临界阻尼crosswise brace交叉支撑damped free vibration有阻尼自由振动damping ratio阻尼比deformations predominantly due to shear剪切变形为主design

23、basic acceleration of ground motion设计基本地震加速度design characteristic period of ground motion设计特征周期design earthquake groups设计地震分组design parameters of ground motion设计地震动参数detail of seismic design抗震构造措施diaphragm discontinuity楼面不连续discontinuity in bearing capacity承载力突变discontinuity in vertical anti-lateral

24、-force members竖向抗侧力构件不连续displacement-relevant type位移相关型dog-bone connection狗骨节点double plate贴板double-limb coupling wall双肢抗震墙ductility延性dynamic characteristics 动力特性earthquake action地震作用eccentrically braced frame偏心支撑框架elasto-plastic deformation analysis 弹塑性变形分析elato-plasic time-history analyzing method弹

25、塑性时程分析end-column端柱energy-dissipating beam segment 耗能梁段energy-dissipating component耗能构件equivalent static lateral force等效侧向静力荷载equivalent viscous damping ratio等效粘滞阻尼比expansion joint/contraction joint伸缩缝favorable/unfavorable/hazardous seismic fortification plats有利/不利/危险地段fixing location嵌固部位frame struct

26、ure框架结构frame-brace框架-支撑frame-core-tube structure框架-核心筒结构framed tube框架-筒体frame-support wall structure部分框支抗震墙结构frame-wall structure框架-抗震墙结构frequently earthquake多遇地震full penetration butt welds完全熔透坡口焊geotechnical stability岩土地震的稳定性grade 1/2/3 framed structure1/2/3级框架grade 1/2/3 wall1/2/3级抗震墙grade of liqu

27、efaction液化等级gravity additional bending moment重力附加弯矩great frame巨型框架ground subsidence震陷height-width ratio高宽比hidden column暗柱hidden-beam暗梁horizontal brace水平支撑horizontal seismic influence coefficient水平地震影响系数horizontal transmission member水平转换构件inverted-v shape brace人字支撑isolation joint抗震缝joint-panel shear

28、deformation 节点域剪切变形k-shape braceK型支撑landslide滑坡lateral braced point 侧向支承点lateral displacement(sway) stiffness侧移刚度lateral-force-resisting system抗侧力体系limit value of elaso-plastic story drift rotation弹塑性层间位移角限值limit value of elastic story drift rotation弹性层间位移角限值linear static/dynamic analyzing method线性静

29、/动力分析方法liquefaction液化liquefaction index液化指数liquefaction mitigation measure抗液化措施liquefaction subsoil液化地基lonely tall hill高耸孤立的山丘long-cantilevered structure长悬臂结构longitudinal wall纵墙lumped mass集中质量major earthquake大震maximum pressure on foundation bottom基底最大压力maximum ratio of total height to total width最大高

30、宽比mean pressure on foundation bottom基底平均压力mechanic model力学模型mode 振型、模态mode participation factor振型参与系数moment resisting frame框架non-liquefaction不液化non-rocky steep slope非岩石的陡坡oblique direction lateral-force-resisting member斜交抗侧力构件ordinary boundary element构造边缘构件ordinary braced frame普通支撑框架ordinary hoop普通箍

31、筋overlaying depth覆盖层厚度parapet without anchorage无锚固女儿墙partial factor for horizontal seismic action水平地震作用分项系数partial factor for vertical seismic action竖向地震作用分项系数peak ground acceleration地面加速度峰值plastic hinge塑性铰polar moment of inertial极惯性矩pre-cast floor/roof装配式楼盖/屋面prefabricated concrete roof/floor预制楼盖/屋

32、盖probability of exceedence超越概率rarely earthquake罕遇地震recurrence interval重现周期reduction factor for the liquefaction effect of soil layer土层液化影响折减系数reentrance corners irregularity凹凸不规则reentrant corner凹角regular seismic building规则抗震建筑reinforced concrete spandrel girder钢筋混凝土托墙梁reinforced concrete wall plane

33、with hidden steel brace内藏钢支撑钢筋混凝土墙板reinforced concrete wall plane with vertical separators带竖缝钢筋混凝土墙板representative value of gravity重力荷载代表值response spectrum反应谱response spectrum method for modal analysis振型分解反应谱法restoring-force characteristic model恢复力模型retaining wall抗撞墙rigid base刚性地基rigid/semi-rigid/fl

34、exible diaphragm刚性/半刚性/柔性隔板river bank河岸rubber isolator unit橡胶隔震单元saturated sand饱和砂土saturated silt饱和粘土secant stiffness割线刚度secondary effect of gravitation重力二阶效应seismic adjusting factor for loading capacity承载力抗震调整系数seismic capacity for the nodes of frame框架节点核心区地震承载力seismic concept design of buildings建筑

35、抗震概念设计seismic detail requirement抗震构造要求seismic fortification category抗震设防类别seismic fortification criterion抗震设防标准seismic fortification intensity抗震设防烈度seismic fortification measures抗震措施seismic multiple-defense lines多道抗震防线seismic overturning moment地震倾覆弯矩seismic shear factor value of floor level楼层地震剪力系数s

36、eismic shear force 地震剪力seismic soil bearing capacity 地基抗震承载力seismically isolated隔震的settlement caused by liquefaction液化沉陷settlement joint沉降缝shear-wave velocity of soil剪切波速single diagonal brace单斜杆支撑site场地site-classes 场地类别slab-column-structural wall structure板柱-抗震墙结构soft subsoil软土地基special concentrical

37、ly braced frame特殊中心支撑框架speed linear relevant type速度线性相关型speed non-linear relevant type速度非线性相关型spiral hoop螺旋箍stiffness irregularity侧向刚度不规则story displacement楼层位移story strengthening with outrigger member加强层story yield strength coefficient楼层屈服强度系数strength reducing factor under cycling load受循环荷载时强度降低系数st

38、ress concentration应力集中strip-protruding spur条状突出的山嘴strong-column/weak-beam强柱弱梁supporting-column框支柱the adjusting factor of slope for the linear decrease section直线下降段的下降斜率调整系数the damping adjustment factor阻尼调整系数the horizontal dynamic stiffness水平动刚度the minimum hoop characteristic最小配箍率特征值the natural vibra

39、tion period自振周期the power index of the curvilinear decrease section曲线下降段的衰减指数the spacing of hoops箍筋间距the ultimate shear capacity of a bolt一个螺栓的极限受剪承载力the yield capacity for the joint-panel of beam and column 梁柱节点区域屈服承载力tie column构造柱torsion effect扭转效应torsional irregularity扭转不规则transference story转换层tra

40、nsverse wall横墙truss tube桁架-筒体tube in tube structure筒中筒结构tubes束筒vertical and lateral distribution web reinforcement竖向和横向分布钢筋(抗震墙)vertical seismic action竖向地震作用vertical seismic influence coefficient竖向地震影响系数volumetric ratio of hoop reinforcement体积配箍率wall structure抗震墙结构weak region of seismic building抗震建筑

41、薄弱部位weak story薄弱层Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础a under-reamed cast-in-situ pile扩底灌注桩a weak underlying stratum软弱下卧层active earth pressure主动土压力adjacent excavation相邻基坑adjacent pile相邻桩allowable differential settlements容许差异沉降allowable subsoil deformation地基变形允许值allowable value允许值anchor depth锚固深度anchor force

42、锚固力anchor pile锚桩anchor plate锚垫板anchor rod锚杆anchored retaining wall锚杆挡墙angle of inclination/ inclination倾角angle of internal friction of the soil土的内摩擦角angular gravel角砾arc sliding surface method圆弧滑动面法average additional pressure平均附加压力average pressure平均压力base failure地基破坏base plate of mat foundation筏基底板be

43、ams on elastic foundation弹性地基梁block stone块石bored pile钻孔桩boring钻孔boulders漂石box foundation箱型基础braced excavation支撑开挖brick foundation砖基础broken stone/crushed stone碎石cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙casing套管casing filled with concrete套管内灌混凝土cast-in-situ concrete pile foundation混凝土灌注桩基础center pile中心桩changin

44、g of ground water level地下水位变化characteristic value特征值check on compression抗压验算check on shear strength抗剪验算clay粘土clearance space净空coarse sand粗纱cobble卵石coefficient of additional stress附加应力系数coefficient of compressibility压缩系数coefficient of consolidation固结系数coefficient of permeability渗透系数cohesion force粘聚力c

45、ohesive soil粘性土combined foundation联合基础compaction piles压实桩compensated foundation补偿基础composite subgrade /composite foundation复合地基concrete against infiltration抗渗混凝土concrete foundation混凝土基础cone foundation锥形基础cone penetration test (CPT)圆锥灌入试验connection beam联系梁consolidation固结consolidation curve固结曲线consoli

46、dation test固结试验consolidation theory固结理论constant head常水头contents of grains颗粒含量corner pile角桩corner point method角点法correction factor for depth深度修正系数counter-fort walls扶壁式挡土墙cushion course垫层deep basement深层地下室deep excavation深开挖deep-mixing pile深层搅拌桩deformation compatibility变形协调degree of saturation饱和度depth

47、of excavation开挖深度design of wall against sliding挡土墙抗滑设计diaphragm walls地下连续墙difference in settlements沉降差direct shear test直剪试验drainage layer排水层drainage of footing基础排水drainage of wall挡墙的排水driven cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩driven pile打入桩driving 打桩driving shoe桩头/桩靴drop hammer落锤dry density干密度dry unit weight干容重

48、dynamic pile capacity桩的动承载力earth works土方工程eccentric load偏心荷载eccentrically loaded foundation偏心受荷基础effective gravitational density浮重度embedment depth埋深end bearing piles端承桩end resistance of a pile桩端承载力excavation开挖基坑excavation support structure基坑维护结构excess pore water pressure超空隙水压力external ground level室外

49、地面标高field vane test现场十字板试验filled and leveled area填方整平地区filled ground level填土面标高filled soil人工填土final settlement最终沉降量fine sand细纱 flange of varying thickness变厚度翼缘floating foundation浮筏基础foundation基础foundation base基础底面foundation top基础顶面foundation types基础类型fraction粒组含量friction piles / floating piles摩擦桩gen

50、eral shear failure整体剪切破坏geological conditions地质条件gravitational density / gravity density重度、重力密度gravity retaining walls重力式挡土墙ground anchor土锚 /地锚ground beams地梁ground surface室外地面ground treatment地基处理high socket foundation高杯口基础high-rise pile cap高桩承台H-pileH 型桩hydraulic gradient水力梯度inclined anchor斜锚杆inclin

51、ed wall倾斜式挡土墙initial ground water level初始地下水位insertion depth插入深度in-situ static loading test of a single pile单桩静载荷试验internal ground level室内地面标高jacked-down piles静压桩laboratory vane test室内十字板试验large diameter pile大直径桩large displacement pile大量挤土桩large-area storage loading大面积堆载lateral earth pressure 侧向土压力lateral earth pressure at rest侧向静止土压力laterite /red clay红粘土layered soil成层土lifting of piles桩上拔lim