2012自考英语二 Unit_8__The_Great_Minds

1、Unit 8 The Great MindsA famous quoteA pessimist makes difficulties of his opportunities; an optimist makes opportunities of his difficulties. -Harry S. Truman悲观者让机会沦为困难；乐观者把困难铸成机会。 -杜鲁门make A of B 使B成为Amake a success of ones careermake a musician of the little boyThe father exposed his son to music

2、when he was still a little child because he wanted to make a musician of him.expose sb. / oneself to sth. 使暴露于，Dont expose yourself to the strong sunlight, or you will get sunburnt.联想：sunburnt / suntannedgain exposure to sth.make a footballer of Tommake a mess of the accountText ANew words1. wrap v.

3、 用缠绕（或围紧）2. scenario n. 设想；方案；预测3. explanation n. 解释；说明explain explanatory4. uneventful adj. 平淡无奇的；平凡的；缺乏刺激的5. pregnancy n. 怀孕；妊娠；孕期6. imperfect adj. 有缺陷的；不完全的；不完美的perfect perfection联想：impossible, impolite, imbalanced, immobile, immature （注意：unbiased, unmoving）7. abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的；变态的；畸形的 norma

4、l联想：typical-atypicalsymmetry-asymmetrysymmetrical-asymmetrical8. massive adj. 巨大的；非常严重的9. disability n.（某种）缺陷，障碍 able ability unable disabled 10. limbless adj. 无四肢的11. inspire v. 激励；鼓舞（用法参考Unit 5, Text A） inspiration （形近词参考Unit 4，Text A） inspiring12. adapt v. 适应（新情况） adapt oneself to sth.13. accompl

5、ish v. 完成14. limb n. 肢；臂；腿15. campaign 运动（为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）16. fulfill v. 实现；履行 fulfill ones dream / word / requirement fulfilling使人满足的，令人愉快的 fulfillment 履行；满足；成就17. motivational adj. 鼓舞的 motive motivate18. circumstance n. 命运；客观环境19. wholeheartedly adv. 全心全意地 red-nosed /white-haired /20. eff

6、ective adj. 产生预期结果的；有效的 比较：efficient ineffective, inefficient21. altitude n. 海拔；海拔高度 altitude sickness 区分：attitude22. engagement n. 约定；约会；预约23. congregation n. （教堂的）会众24. audience n. 观众；听众25. vision n. 想象力；眼力；远见卓识26. outreach n. 外展服务27. perspective n. 态度；观点；思考方法28. cease v. （使）停止，终止，结束29. obstacle n

7、. 障碍；阻碍；绊脚石30. illustrate v. （用示例、图画等）说明，解释31. profound adj. 巨大的；深切的；深远的32. persistence n. 坚持；锲而不舍 persist (in) persistent /=insist on33. paralyze v. 使瘫痪；使麻痹34. oftentimes adv. 常常35. trick n. 戏法；把戏 tricky36. blend n. （不同事物的）和谐结合，融合37. perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神persevere perseverant （偶见perseverent

8、，但很少使用）38. define v. 阐明；明确；界定definition definite 明确的，确定的39. incredible adj. 不能相信的；难以置信的 unbelievable40. captivate v. 迷住；使着迷Phrases and Expressions1. a walk of life 行业；职业；地位；阶层line of work2. major in 主修3. stress the importance of 强调的重要性4. at ones disposal 任某人处理；供某人任意使用5. poke fun at 拿开心；奚落；嘲笑6. show

9、off 炫耀；卖弄 Life Without LimitsImagine being born without arms. No arms to wrap around someone, no hands to experience touch, or to hold another hand with. Or what about being born without legs? Having no ability to dance, walk, run, or even stand on two feet. Now put both of those scenarios（设想） toget

10、her: no arms and no legs. What would you do? How would that affect your everyday life?生命无疆 想象生下来时就没有手臂。没有手臂去拥抱一个人，没有手去体验触摸，或去握住另一只手。或者想象生下来就没有双腿又会怎样?没有能力去跳舞、行走、跑步甚至双脚站立。现在把这些设想加在一起：没有双臂也没有双腿。你会怎么办?这将会如何影响你每天的生活?Born in 1982 in Melbourne, Australia, without any medical explanation or warning, Nichola

11、s Vujicic came into the world with neither arms nor legs. Having had an uneventful pregnancy and no family history to expect this condition, imagine the shock his parents felt when they saw their first born, brand new baby boy, only to find he was what the world would consider imperfect and abnormal

12、. How would their son live a normal happy life? What could he ever do or become when living with what the world would see as such a massive disability（严重残疾）? Little did they or anyone know that this beautiful limbless baby would one day be someone who would inspire and motivate people from all walks

13、 of life, touching lives all over the world.1982年在澳大利亚的墨尔本，没有任何医学上的解释或预兆，尼古拉斯武伊契奇克来到这个世界，没有双臂也没有双腿。由于怀孕期平静无事而且也没有可以预测到这种状况的家族史，因此可以想象得到他的父母看到他们第一个出生的男婴，却只发现一个被这个世界认为不完美和畸形的人时的那种打击。他们的儿子如何过一个正常、快乐的生活呢?带着这世界视为严重残疾的(身体)生活，他又能做什么或者变成什么样呢? 当时他们不知道而且也没有任何一个人知道，这个漂亮的无手足的小男孩有一天会启发激励社会各阶层的人，并且感动全世界的人们。本部分重点及

14、难点： 1. Having had an uneventful（平凡的）pregnancy and no family history to expect this condition, imagine the shock his parents felt when they saw their first born, brand new baby boy, only to find he was what the world would consider imperfect and abnormal.(1) 悬垂分词。建议换成：Having had an uneventful pregnan

15、cy and no family history to expect this condition, his parents felt great shock when they saw . Can you imagine the shock?以下是可以接受的悬垂分词形式：Strictly speaking, nobody is allowed in here.Judging from his accent, he must be from the South.经常这样用的分词(分词词组)有：frankly (broadly, generally, strictly) speaking, ju

16、dging from / by, talking about, speaking of等。某些句子中作状语的分词的逻辑主语虽然不是句子的主语，但可能是句中的另外某一成分，对这样的句子也可以不认为是悬垂分词。课文中的这个句子属于这种情况。再如：Seeing her health sinking rapidly, alarm clutched the fathers heart. 她父亲看到她健康迅速恶化，很是惊慌。切记：该结构应慎用。(2) only to find不定式表示结果。不定式表结果时通常前面需要加only,表示出乎意料的不希望看到的结果。例如：They rushed to the c

17、inema, only to find the tickets left at home.They hurried back home, only to find the door locked.They went to the hospital without any delay, only to be told their beloved grandpa had already passed away.(3) what the world would consider作插入语(4) 译文：在经历了一段平静无事的孕期，而且没有任何家族病史预示的情况下，我们可以想象得到当时他的父母看到这个刚出

18、生的小男孩时会是多么地震惊，只知道他就是世人所说的缺陷和不正常。2. Little did they or anyone know that this beautiful limbless baby would one day be someone who would inspire and motivate people from all walks of life, touching lives all over the world.(1) 否定词放在句首句子倒装，如rarely, seldom, in no case, by no means, little, hardly等。(2) w

19、ho would inspire and motivate people from all walks of life定语从句，先行词是someone。(3) touching lives all over the world 现在分词作状语，修饰inspire and motivate people。请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】16. He returned to work after recovery from his illness, _ another employee had taken his place.A only to tellB only to b

20、e toldC only to be tellingD to be told【答案】B【解析】本题考查不定式表示结果。不定式表结果时通常前面需要加only，表示出乎意料的不希望看到的结果。本句的意思是他生病痊愈返回了工作岗位，结果却被告知另一个雇员接替了他的岗位，故选B。【知识点】不定式表示结果As Nick grew up he learned to deal with his disability and started to be able to do more and more things on his own. He adapted to his situation and fou

21、nd ways to accomplish tasks that most people could only do by using their limbs, such as cleaning teeth, brushing hair, typing on a computer, swimming, playing sports, and much more. As time went by, Nick began to embrace（欣然接受）his situation and achieve greater things.（承上启下句） In grade seven Nick was

22、elected captain of his school and worked with the student council（学生会）on various fund-raising events for local charities and disability campaigns.伴随着尼克的成长，他学会了如何应对他的残疾并能够开始独自做越来越多的事情。他适应了他的状况，并找到方法完成大多数人只有通过使用他们的四肢才能做到的事情，如刷牙，梳头，敲打电脑，游泳，运动，还有更多。随着时间的流逝，尼克开始坦然接受他的状况并取得更大的成就。在七年级，尼克被选举为学校的队长，与学生理事会合作，

23、致力于当地的慈善事业和残疾人运动的各项筹款事宜。After school Nick went on with further study and obtained a double bachelor degree majoring in accounting and financial planning. By the age of 19, Nick started to fulfill his dream of encouraging others by sharing his story through motivational speaking（励志演讲）. He found the p

24、urpose of his existence, and also the purpose of his circumstance. Nick wholeheartedly believes that there is a purpose in each of the struggles we encounter in our lives and that our attitude towards those struggles can be the single most effective factor in overcoming them.毕业后，尼克接着进修并获得会计和财务规划的双学士

25、学位。到了19岁，尼克已经开始以通过励志性的演说分享自己故事的方式去实现自己鼓励他人的梦想。他找到了他存在的目的，以及处于他这种状况的目的。尼克始终认为，在我们的一生中遇到的每一个困难都有其目的，并且我们对于这些困难的态度则会成为克服它们的唯一最有效的因素。Now at 27 years old, this limbless young man has accomplished more than most people even twice his age. Nick recently made the massive move from Brisbane, Australia to Cal

26、ifornia, USA, where he is the president of an international non-profit organization（非盈利组织）, and also has his own motivational speaking company, Attitude Is Altitude. Since his first motivational speaking engagement（约定；演讲）back when he was 19, Nick has traveled around the world, sharing his story with

27、 millions of people, speaking to a range of different groups such as students, teachers, youth, business men and women, entrepreneurs, and church congregations（会众）of all sizes. People ask Nick, How can you smile? Then they realize theres got to be something more to life than meets the eye if a guy w

28、ithout arms and legs is living a fuller life.现在到了27岁的年龄，比起大多数甚至年长他两倍的人，这位无四肢的年轻男子取得了更多的成就。最近，尼克的行动很广泛，从澳大利亚的布里斯班到美国的加利福尼亚，他成为那里的一个国际非营利组织的主席，而他也有自己的励志演讲公司态度决定一切。尼克19岁时，开始他的第一次励志演讲活动，他周游世界，与数百万人分享他的故事，向众多的不同的群体演讲，比如学生、教师、青年、商务男女、企业家以及各种大小的教会团体。人们询问克，“您是怎样一笑置之的呢?”接着他们意识到，如果一个没有四肢的人过得比普通人更充实，那么生活的含义必定超

29、出了我们目光所及的范畴。本部分重点及难点：3. Then they realize theres got to be something more to life than meets the eye if a guy without arms and legs is living a fuller life.(1) There is something to / in sth. 有意义，有道理(2) live a full life 生活充实Nick shares with his audiences the importance of vision and dreaming big. Us

30、ing his own experiences in worldwide outreach（推广）as examples, he challenges others to examine their perspective（洞察力）and look beyond their circumstances. He shares his view of ceasing to see obstacles as problems, but instead begin to see them as opportunities to grow and reach out to others. He stre

31、sses the importance of our attitude being the most powerful tool we have at our disposal and illustrates how the choices we make can have a profound effect on our lives and the lives of those around us. Nick shows through his own life that the major keys in fulfilling our biggest dreams are persiste

32、nce and choosing to embrace failure as a learning experience, rather than allowing the guilt and fear of failure to paralyze us.尼克与他的听众分享了眼界和远大梦想的重要性。用他在世界范围内推广自己的经历为例，他激励人们去审视自己的观点并超越自己的局限。他与大家一起分享其观点，即停止把阻碍看作是难题，相反，应该把它们看作是自身成长并接触他人向他人学习的机会。他强调态度是我们可以支配的最强大的工具，阐明了我们作出的选择如何对我们自身乃至周围人的生活产生深远的影响。通过他自

33、己的生活，尼克说明了实现我们的最大梦想的主要因素就是持之以恒，选择将失败作为一次学习经历而拥抱它，而不允许让内疚和失败的恐惧麻痹我们。本部分重点及难点：4. He shares his view of ceasing to see obstacles as problems, but instead begin to see them as opportunities to grow and reach out to others.(1) cease to do sth. 停止做某事，不再做某事(2) seeas: look on / upon as, viewas, regardas(3)

34、reach out to 伸手以抓到、触到或拿到某物We must reach out to those in need. 我们应该伸出援手，去帮助有困难的人。本句reach out to others意为帮助他人5. He stresses the importance of our attitude being the most powerful tool we have at our disposal and illustrates how the choices we make can have a profound effect on our lives and the lives

35、of those around us.(1) at our disposal任某人处理；供某人任意使用disposal是dispose的名词形式，意为支配，处理。联想：al为名词后缀，再如：arrive-arrival, survive-survival, approve-approval, disapprove-disapproval, dismiss-dismissal, deny-denial, refuse-refusal等。(2) have a profound effect on sth. 对产生深远的影响6. Nick shows through his own life tha

36、t the major keys in fulfilling our biggest dreams are persistence and choosing to embrace failure as a learning experience, rather than allowing the guilt and fear of failure to paralyze us.(1) through his own life作状语，修饰show。show的宾语是由that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的主干是the major keys are persistence and choosing to

37、 , rather than allowing。(2) embrace failure as a learning experience 欢迎失败，把它看成是学习的体验(3) rather than 相当于instead of 而不是(4) rather than allowing the guilt and fear of failure to paralyze us 而不是被失败和恐惧所打倒How does Nick Vujicic feel about his disability now? He accepts it, embraces it and oftentimes pokes

38、fun at his own circumstance as he shows off his many tricks. He meets challenges with his special blend of humor, perseverance and faith, always encouraging those around him to examine their perspective as they develop and define their vision. Using those new definitions he challenges each person he

39、 meets to make changes in their lives so that they can begin the path to fulfilling their biggest dreams. Through his amazing ability to connect with people from all walks of life and his incredible sense of humor that captivates（=charm）children, teens and adults alike, Nick is a truly inspirational

40、 motivational speaker.现在尼克武伊契奇克是怎么感受他的残疾呢?他接受它，拥抱它，时常还会像炫耀他的众多把戏一样对自己的状况自我嘲笑。他用自己特别的，由幽默、毅力和信念组成的混合物来面对挑战，总是鼓励周围的人在发展和定义他们的眼界时审视他们的观点。他使用那些新的定义挑战他所遇到的每一个人，以便他们作出改变都能够开始走向实现他们的最大梦想之路。通过他与各阶层人士沟通的惊人的能力，以及叫人难以置信的幽默感，他令儿童、青少年和成年人都为之着迷。尼克是一个真正的具有启发性和激励性的演讲者。本部分重点及难点：7. Using those new definitions he chal

41、lenges each person he meets to make changes in their lives so that they can begin the path to fulfilling their biggest dreams.(1) using those new definitions 分词作状语(2) challenge sb. to do sth. 刺激某人做某事(3) begin the path to fulfilling their biggest dreams 开始踏上实现人生梦想的征程8. Through his amazing ability to

42、connect with people from all walks of life and his incredible sense of humor that captivates children, teens and adults alike, Nick is a truly inspirational motivational speaker.(1) 句子的主干是Nick is a truly inspirational motivational speaker.。through作状语(2) alike: adv. in the same way 同样地例如：treat everyb

43、ody exactly alike 一视同仁 The climate here is always hot, summer and winter alike. his incredible sense of humor that captivates children, teens and adults alike 他惊人的幽默感令孩子、青少年和成年人都着迷课后习题参考答案Text AI . 1. C 2.C 3.D 4. B 5.AII . Section A1.perfection 2. Accomplishment 3. Persistent 4. disposal 5. Effecti

44、ve 6. motivationalSection B1 . obstacle 2. Incredible 3. Vision 4. perspective 5. Fulfill 6. profoundSection C1. to 2. from 3. with 4. at 5. in 6. ofIII . 1 . confused 2 . Natural 3. Intentionally 4. likely 5. Potential 6. as opposed to7. Even if 8. Known 9. called upon 10. markSection A1. find it d

45、ificult to adapt to their new school life2. children liked to share their stories with3. elected one of their members as the spokesman4. only to find that they had to overcome fmancial problems on their own5. stress the importance of balanced dietSection B 有时候，我们唯一能做的就是质疑自己存在的意义。我们经常会感到孤独寂寞，情绪低落，感觉世

46、界都黯然失色了。有时候我们感觉生活没有任何意义，如此艰辛，甚至希望世上没有明天。但是，我们还要知道问题只不过是生活中的另一种痛苦而已，企图扭曲我们的人性，破坏我们对生活的美好憧憬。这个时候，不要向诱惑屈服，轻言放弃。是的，快乐的唯一方式就是心甘情愿地忍受苦难。V.2 3 1 5 4 7 9 6 8.尼克武伊契奇出生时没有四肢，虽然严重残疾，他不但自己独生活，而且通过演讲激励、鼓励了许多人。但是，相比之下，一些身体健全的人相形见绌，他们不断抱怨生活，不愿意为了更光明的前途而努力工作。你认为面对挑战，需要具备什么样的品格才能战胜这些困难呢？我们如何培养这些品格呢？III. 部分练习讲解P256 B

47、ridging the GapDirections: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.解题方法：把词分类动词 名词 形容词副词 介词 连词mark mark confused intentionally as opposed to even ifconfused potential likelyknown potentialcalled upon naturalGifts ar

48、e those talents and abilities that flow almost effortlessly from us. Gifts are sometimes 1 confusedwith skills. While skills can be developed, gifts are something we are born with - they are what we discover as we try new things and find that some things are as 2 naturalto us as breathing.When we 3

49、intentionally make a decision to create our life and work based on our gifts, were not only more 4 likely to succeed, but can also more thoroughly enjoy the journey toward creating and realizing our full 5 potential .Take inventory of（评估） your life to determine where you are utilizing learned and de

50、veloped skills 6 as opposed to expressing and honoring your innate（与生俱来的）gifts. Are you operating based on what you think you ought to be doing or are you living an authentic life that is rich and fulfilling?7 Even if you are not in a place to pursue a new career based on your gifts, look for ways t

51、o make your gifts 8 known to others and demonstrate them in as many areas of your life as possible. The more your gifts are 9 called upon, the more naturally you will fully accept and promote those gifts. The more you express your life through your innate gifts, the more you will excel. Its a beauti

52、fully self-perpetuating（能使自身永久存在的）process once you make the decision to begin.Your gifts are your signature, your unique paintbrushes - use them to express your greatness and make your greatness and make your 10 markon the world!Text BNew words1. revolution n. 巨变；大变革2. unwed adj. 未婚的3. adoption n. 收

53、养；领养4. unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地fortunemisfortunefortunateunfortunate5. relent v. 终于答应；不再拒绝6. recall v. 记起；回忆起；回想起7. debut v. 使（新产品）面世；首次广告推广8. production n. 生产：制造；制作 produceproducerproductiveproduct9. possession n. 具有；拥有10. calculator n. 计算器11. orchard n. 果园12. sag v. 减弱；减少13. competition n. 竞争；角逐

54、（参考Unit 4，Text A相关词） competecompetitorcompetitive14. successive adj. 连续的；接连的；相继的 succeedsucceed in (doing) sth. successorsuccessful15. insanely adv. 十分；非常；疯狂地16. cofound v. 共同建立 co-existence a co-ed school cooperate cohabitation17. bitter adj. 激烈而不愉快的；充满愤怒与仇恨的18. recruit v. 吸收（新成员）19. punch v. 拳打；以拳

55、痛击20. publicly adv. 公开地21. heartbreaking adj. 令人心碎的22. episode n. （人生的）一段经历；（小说的）片段，插曲23. instant adj. 立即的；立刻的24. billionaire n. 巨富；亿万富翁25. immense adj. 极大的；巨大的 immensity26. convince v. 说服，劝说（某人做某事） convince sb. of sth. / that convincing27. foundation n. 基本原理；根据；基础 lay a solid foundation for sth.28.

56、 catalyst n. 催化剂28. comeback n. 复出；重返；再度受欢迎29. initially adv. 开始；最初；起初30. interim a. 暂时的：过渡的31. profitability n. 盈利能力 profit profitable32. introduce v. 推行；实施；采用 introductionintroductive / introductory 介绍的，引导的33. innovation n. 创造；创新；改革 innovateinnovativePhrases and Expressions1. biological mother 生母

57、/stepmother2. meet ones expectations 符合某人的期望3. drop out 退学；辍学4. in memory of 作为对的纪念5. dwell on 老是想着（尤指最好忘记的事）；一直说6. turn out 原来是；证明是；结果是 An Unwanted Baby, Steve JobsSteve Jobs is a man who has great courage and dares to take risks. He may not be perfect but he pulled together（齐心协力，重新振作）the most fantastic act by overcoming Microsoft, the movie industry and the music business. Jobs f