中考英语语法专题详解十四

1、XX英语语法专题详解十四专题十四定语从句考点聚焦一、什么是定语从句定语从句(AttributiveClauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。二、定语从句的关系词一般情况下，如果先行词表示人的名词或代词时，关系词应用who，whom或that。who和that在从句中可以作主语或宾语；whom在从句中作宾语。whose在从句中常作主语的定语，通常指人，也可以指物，表示“谁的”.先行词如果是表示物的名词或代词时，用that或which均可，但有些情况只能用that，有些情况只能用which。

2、三、在下列情况下，定语从句的关系代词多用that1. 当先行词为all,something,anything等不定代词时用that。如：Youshouldtellmeall(that)youhaveknowabout.你因该把你所知道的情况告诉我。Hereissomethingthatmyfatherneeds.这正是我父亲所需要的XX。2. 当先行词被every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时，用that。如：Hehasspentallthemoneythathisfathergavehim.他已经把父亲给他的钱都花掉了。Tomtriedeverymeansthath

3、ecoulddotofinishthejobontimebuthefailed.为了完成工作，汤姆想尽了一切办法，但他还是失败了。3. 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时，用that。如：ThisisthesecondletterthatIreceivedfrommyyoungersisterthismonth这是我这个月收到我妹妹的第二封信。GonewiththeWindisoneofthebestfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.舌L世佳人是我看过的最好的影片之一。4. 先行词被only,very,same,last等词修饰时，用that。如：Thisistheonlybo

4、okthatyoucanreadinthesefewdays.这是你最近几天能看的唯一一本书了。Thatistheverymagazinethatheislookingfor.那正是他要找的那本杂志。4. 在限制性定语从句中关系代词作表语时应用that。如：Thedistancethatyouarefromhomeisimmaterial.你离家的距离是微不足道的。6. 当主语中已出现which而为了避免重复时使用that。如：Whichisthebookthatyouneed?你需要的是哪一本书呢?7. 当先行词既有人，又有物时，引导词只用that。如：Hecanseetwoboysands

5、ometreesthatareatadistanceoffivehundredmeters.他看见在五百米外有两个男孩和一些树。四、在下列情况中则多用which1. 非限制性定语从句多用which。如：Canada,whichisinNorthAmerica,isthesecondlargestcountryintheworlc位于北美洲的加拿大是世界第二大国。2介词之后的定语从句多用which。如：Thisisthestampforwhichheislooking.这正是他要找的那枚邮票。3.those+数名词”之后的定语从句，用which。如：Asupermarketshouldkeepa

6、stockofthosegoodswhichsellwell.商场应储存一些销量好的商品。4定语从句离先行词较远时，用which。如：MygrandmothergavemeagiftofgreatvalueonmybirthdaywhichIlikedverymuch.在我生日的那一天，我奶奶给了我一件非常珍贵的礼物，我非常喜欢它。5. 先行词为代词that时，为避免重复，其后的定语从句的引导词多用which（非正式英语也用that）。如：HetoldmethatwhichIhadtoldyoubefore.他告诉我的是以前我曾经给你说过的那件事。五、在下列情况下，关系代词一般用who（指人）

7、1非限制性定语从句中，用who。如：Lincoln,whowasmurderedatatheatreinWashington,D.C.,diedonApril15,1865.林肯在首都华盛顿的一家剧院被人暗杀，于1865年4月15日去世。2.当不定代词everybody(everyone)，anybody(anyone)，allone，ones等为先行词时，关系代词一般用who。如：Onewhodoesn'tworkhardwillneversucceed.不努力的人永远不会成功的。Isthereanybodywhocanswimacrosstheriver?有人能游过这条河吗?3.当

8、先行词为those或people时，关系代词一般用who.Thosewhowanttoseetheexhibitionmustsigntheirnameshere.要看这个展览的人必须在这里签名。Peoplewhocanseesometimesactjustasfoolishly.有时候，眼睛看得见的人也会做同样的傻事。4在被分割开来的定语从句中，先行词为人时，关系代词一般用who，如：ImetaboyattheEnglishCorneryesterdaywhocanspeakEnglishfluentl昨天，我在英语角上遇到一个能讲一口流利英语的男孩。5. 在以therebe开头的存在句型中

9、，先行词为人，关系代词一般用who.如：Therewasanoldladywhowantedtoseeyouatthegatejustnow.刚才xx有一位老妇人有事找你。实战演练(2X50)分：1. Isthegirl_isreadingabookunderthatbigtreeyoursister?No.MysisterisinFrance.A. whoB.whomC.whose2. Jimdislikepeopletalkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.whoB.whomC.whose3. ThisistheschoolIstudiedinthreeyearsago.A

10、.whereB.whenC.which4. Whatdoyouusuallydoinyourleisuretime?IenjoyreadinginthelibraryIlosemyselfwithalotofgoodbooks.A.whereB.whenC.which5. IlovesingerswritetheirownmusicA.whoB.whichC.what6. ThevillageIvisitedlastyearhaschangedalot.Really?Ihopetogothereoneday.A.thatB.whoC.when7.Theoldwomaniswearingapai

11、rofglassesMrs.BlackA.which,areB.who,areC.who,is8. Doyoulikemusicmakesyourelaxed?A.itB.whatC.that9. Thegirl.youtalkedwithattheschoolgateisournewmathteacher.A.whoseB.whichC.whom10. Iliketheteacherisstrictwithus.A.whichB.whoC.whose11. IcannotforgetthetimetheearthquakehappenedoninYushu.A.whenB.whichC.wh

12、o12. DoyouknowtheboyissittingnexttoPeter.Yes,HeisPeter'sfriend.Theyarecelebratinghisninthbirthday.A.whoB.whoseC.which13. IhaveboughtadressIlikebest.A.whoB.whereC.which14. ThecamelIrodehadabadtemper,andIgottired.A.thatB.whoseC.who15.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishteacherlovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.he16.

13、 ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isn'tit?Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschoolsthosechildrencanstudyhappily.A.whereB. whenC.whom17. Thepolicecaughtthemanstolemyhand-bag.A.heB.thatC.whom18. TheforeignervisitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whoC.whose19. Anyoneispunished.A.whobreaktherulesB.whobreakst

14、herulesC. whombreaktherules20. TheplaceinterestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.what21. Doyouknowtheman?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.Ispoketo22. Thisisthehotellastmonth.A.whichtheystayedinB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedat23. DoyouknowtheyeartheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whi

15、chB.thatC.inwhich24. ThatisthedayI'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhich25. Thefactorywe'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.which26. Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactoryweareworking.A.whereB.thatC.which27. Thisisoneofthebestfilms.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thath

16、aveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyear28. Canyoulendmethebooktheotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalked29. Thepenheiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhich30. Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofsatasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.which31.Isthereanyoneinyourclassfamilyisinthecountry?A

17、.whoB.who'sC.whose32.I'minterestedinallyouhavesaid.A.thatB.whatC.which33. Iwanttousethedictionarywasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.what34. Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whom35. Theletterisfrommysister,isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.who36. Inourfact

18、orythereare2,000workers,twothirdsofarewomen.A.themB.whichC.whom37. Ilostabook,Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofit38. LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhich39. Icanneverforgetthedaywhenweworkedtogetherandthedaywespenttogether.A.whichB.whenC.onwhich;40. ThemanhairiswhiteisAmerican.A.whichB.whoseC.what41. Myneighborsusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.it42. IshallneverforgetthoseyearsIspendonthefarmwiththefarmers.A.whenB.thatC.where43. Thenumberofthepeoplewhocarsincreasing.A