英语专业英国文学复习资料

1、word1 The Anglo-Saxons (450-1100)Epics (A Long narrative poem presented in an elevated style, relating the heroic deeds of noble and semi divine personages)“Beowulf the national epic the only surviving full-length epic in Old English, composed during the eighth century. The poem narrates the heroic

2、deeds of Beowulf who kills the dragon Grendal and his mother, and later becomes the king of Geat. He dies in killing a dragon. Lyrics and RiddlesThe lyric presents a more personal and emotional form of poetry than the epic. The riddle, a form of poetry in which an object or person is described in a

3、rather ambiguous manner. 2 The Medieval Period(1100-1500) 中世纪时期Folk ballads 民间歌谣 (Songs sung by the common people of England.)Romances 浪漫诗 (verse narrative that sings of knightly adventures, heroic deeds, chivalric love of the Middle Ages in Europe)Sir Gawain and the Green knight 高文爵士与绿衣骑士 (13601370

4、, Alliterative and metrical) Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400, the founder of English poetry, the Father of English literature, heroic couplets)The Book of the Duchess 公爵夫人之书The House of Fame 声誉之宫Troylus and Criseyde 特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达The Legend of Good Women 贤妇传奇The Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷故事集1387-1400, The 2

5、9 Pilgrims(清教徒) 24 tales) 3 The Renaissance (1500-1650) 文艺复兴 (Humanism人道主义)I. The rise of the Renaissance under the early Tudor monarchs (1500-1558) 都铎王朝PoetryThe poetry of Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, they introduced the Italian sonnet to England. Elaborate Renaissance conventions

6、 of love poetry were transplanted.The courtier poets 宫廷诗人The Earl of Essex 埃塞克斯伯爵, Sir Walter Raleigh 瓦尔特·罗里爵士Sonnet 十四行诗Sir Philip Sydney菲利普·锡德尼 Astrophel and Stella 爱星者与星Edmund Spencer埃德蒙·斯宾塞The Shepherds Calendar牧人月历The Faeire Queene 仙后Amoretti小爱神DramaNative drama continued to deve

7、lop: Miracle and morality plays. 奇迹剧和道德剧Interlude, a short play designed to be presented between courses of a banquet, one of the important ancestors of Elizabethan drama. II. The height of the Renaissance under Elizabeth I (1558-1603) 伊丽莎白一世The University Wits (大学才子派)a group of English poets and pl

8、aywrights, Oxford or Cambridge The most important member of the group was Christopher Marlowe克里斯托弗·马洛, whose powerful blank verse plays prepared the way for Shakespeare. ( unrhymed, ten syllables, alternating stresses, divide into five feet, iambic pentameter 五步抑扬格)Shakespeare (1564-1616)Shakes

9、peares sonnetsThe Italian fashion of writing a series of sonnets to some real or imaginary mistress.The fashion is followed in England, such as Spencers Amoretti, Sidneys Astrophel and Stella, and Shakespeares sonnets.Altogether 154 sonnetsItalian sonnet (an eight-line octave+ six-line sestet abba a

10、bba cde cde)Spenserian sonnet (8+1)Shakespearean sonnet (Three quatrains and a couple四行体+对偶句 Iambic pentameter五步抑扬格 Rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg)Shakespeares PlaysThe First Period (15901594)1590 Henry VI, Part II 亨利六世中篇 Henry VI, Part III 亨利六世下篇 1591 Henry VI, Part I 亨利六世上篇1592 Richard III 理查三世Th

11、e Comedy of Errors 错误的喜剧1593 Titus Andronicus 泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯 The Taming of the Shrew 训悍记1594 The Two Gentlemen of Verona维洛那二绅士Loves Labours Lost 爱的徒劳Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶The Second Period (15951600)1595 Richard II 理查二世 A Midsummer Nights Dream仲夏夜之梦 1596 King John约翰王 The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人

12、1597 Henry IV, Part I亨利四世上篇 Henry IV, Part II亨利四世下篇 1598 Much Ado about Nothing无事生非 Henry V亨利五世The Merry Wives of Windsor温莎的风流娘儿们 1599 Julius Caesar裘力斯·凯撒 As You Like It皆大欢喜 1600 Twelfth Night第十二夜 The Third Period (16011607)1601 Hamlet哈姆莱特 1602 Troilus and Cressida特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达 1603 Alls Well That

13、 Ends Well终成眷属 1604 Measure for Measure一报还一报 Othello奥瑟罗 1605 King Lear李尔王 Macbeth麦克白 1606 Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉1607 Coriolanus 科利奥兰纳斯 Timon of Athens 雅典的泰门 The Fourth Period (16081612)1608 Pericles泰尔亲王配瑞克里斯 1609 Cymbeline辛白林 1610 The Winters Tale冬天的故事1611 The Tempest暴风雨1612 Henry VIII亨利八世Sh

14、akespeares Verse (Shakespeares plays are mainly written in blank verse)Francis Bacon (1561-1626)1605 Advancement of Learning 学术的进展1620 Novum Organum 新工具1627 New Atlantics 新大西岛 1597,1612,1625 Essays 论说文集 (Bacons contribution: The founder of English materialistic philosophy, The first English essayist

15、)(His essays are: short, treated a variety of subjects of universal interest, and were written in epigrammatic, sharply honed style.) III. The Decline of the Renaissance under the Stuart Monarchs (1603-1649) 斯图亚特王室 Metaphysical poets 玄学派strong or harsh lines, overriding regular meter, strained metap

16、hors (or conceits), strange paradoxes, and far-fetched imagery John Donne 约翰·多恩 (the leading metaphysical poet, The Flea)Cavalier Poets 保皇派A group of minor poets in the middle decades of the 17th century including chiefly Thomas Carew, John Suckling, Richard Lovelace, and Robert Herrick, all of

17、 whom were considered as belonging to the “Tribe of Ben. Counsel to Girls (Robert Herrick) The Puritan Poets John Milton (16081674 ) 约翰·弥尔顿 Puritanism (清教主义)1629 “Morning of Christs Nativity 圣诞晨歌 1632 “L Allegro 欢乐的人 “Il Penseroso 沉思的人 1644 Areopagitica 论出版自由 1651 Deference of the English Peopl

18、e 为英国人民辨 1654 Second Deference of the English People 再为英国人民辨 1667 Paradise Lost 失乐园 1671 Paradise Regained 复乐园 1671 Samson Agonistes 力士参孙 4 The Age of Reason (1650-1780) Neo-ClassicismEnlightenment (they believed in the power of reason)The Age of Reason in England begins with the restoration (166016

19、88). 王政复辟Neo-Classicism (A revival of interest in the old classical works during the Enlightenment Movement, A polite, urbane, witty and intellectual art are developed, Human beings are regarded as the primary subject of literature.)John Dryden (16311700) 约翰·德莱顿“All for Love 一切为了爱“Absalom and A

20、chitophel 押沙龙与阿齐托菲尔“A Song for St. Ceilias Day, 1687 圣西西莉亚日之歌“Alexanders Feast 亚历山大的宴会“An Essay of Dramatic Poesy 论戏剧诗John Dryden and the heroic couplet (Dryden used it so effectively that it became popular for the next three generations of the poets)Jonathan Swift (16671745) 乔纳森·斯威夫特1697 The B

21、attle of Books 书籍之战 1698 A Tale of a Tub 一个木桶的故事 1724 Drapiers Letters 布商的来信 1726 Gullivers Travels 格列佛游记 1729 A Modest Proposal 一个温和的建议 Joseph Addison and Richard Steele (Periodical literature in early 18th-century England) Richard Steele (16721729) “The Tatler 闲话 报 (17091711)Joseph Addison (167217

22、19) “The Spectator 旁观者 报 (17111712) Alexander Pope (1688-1744)An Essay on Criticism 批评论 The Rape of the Lock 卷发遇劫记An Essay of Man 人论Moral Essays 道德论translations of the Illiad and the Odyssey 伊利亚特 奥德赛(all written in heroic couplet英雄双韵体)Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)The True Born Englishman (1701) 真正的英国人 Th

23、e Shortest Way with the Dissenters (1702) 消灭不同教派的捷径 Robinson Crusoe 鲁滨孙漂流记Captain Singleton 辛格顿船长Moll Flanders 摩尔·弗兰德斯Roxana 罗克珊娜A Journal of the Plague Year 瘟疫年纪事Samuel Johnson (17091784) 塞缪尔·约翰逊1738 “London 1749 “The Vanity of Human Wishes 1755 A Dictionary of the English Language 英语大辞典

24、17791781 Lives of the English Poets 英国诗人传 Sentimental novels 伤感小说Henry Fielding (17071754) 亨利·菲尔丁 (Founder of the English realistic novel)1730 The Coffee-house Politician 咖啡屋政客 1734 Don Quixote in England 堂吉诃德在英国 1742 The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews 约瑟夫·安德鲁 1743 The History

25、 of Mr. Jonathan Wild the Great 大伟人江奈生·魏尔德伟 1749 The History of Tom Jones, A Foundling 汤姆·琼斯 1751 Amelia 阿美利亚 R. B. Sheridan (17511816) 谢里丹1775 The Rivals 情敌 St. Patricks Day 圣帕特里克日 1777 The School for Scandal 造谣学校 A Trip to Scarborough 思卡波罗之行 Oliver Goldsmith (17301774) 奥利弗·戈德史密斯1759

26、 The Bee 蜜蜂 1760-1761 The Citizen of the World 世界公民 1766 The Vicar of Wakefield: A Tale 威克菲尔牧师传 1770 The Deserted Village 荒村 1773 She Stoops to Conquer 屈身俯就 Pre-Romantic poetryThomas Gray (17161765)1742 Ode on the Spring 春天颂 1747 Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College 伊顿颂歌 1750 Elegy Written in a

27、 Country Churchyard 墓园挽歌 1757 The Progress of Poetry 诗歌的进程 5 The Romantics (1780-1830) The Romantics I (Pre-Romanticism: William Blake and Robert Burns)William Blake (1757-1827) 威廉·布莱克1783 Poetical Sketches 素描诗集 1789 Songs of Innocence 天真之歌 1791 The French Revolution 法国革命 1793 The Marriage of H

28、eaven and Hell 天堂与地狱的婚姻 1794 Songs of Experience 经验之歌 Robert Burns (17591796) 罗伯特·彭斯Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect (1786)“To a Mouse “致老鼠 “To a Louse“致虱子 “Scots Wha Hae “苏格兰人 “My Hearts in the Highlands “我的心呀在高原“Auld Lang Syne “过去的好时光 “A Red, Red Rose “一朵红红的玫瑰 The Romantics II (The Lake

29、 Poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey) William Wordsworth (1770-1850) 威廉·华兹华斯1789 Lyrical Ballads 抒怀歌谣集 1799 Lucy Poems 露西组诗 1870 “The Solitary Reaper “孤独的刈麦女 1807 “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud “我似孤独流云 1850 The Prelude 序曲 “My Heart Leaps Up “我的心跳了起来 “Tintern Abbey “丁登寺旁 Samuel T. Coleridge (17

30、72-1834)1789 The Fall of the Bastille “巴士底狱的倒塌 Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌谣集 1798 “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner “老水手谣 1816 “Kulbla Khan(1816) “忽必烈汗1797-1800 Christabel 克丽斯特贝尔1827 Biographa Literaria 文学传记 The Romantics III (Shelly, Byron, and Keats)Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) 珀西·比希·雪莱1813 “

31、Queen Mab “麦布女王 1819 “The Masque of Anarchy “专制魔王的化装舞会 “Ode to West Wind “西风颂 “Song to the Men of England “致英国人民 “England in 1819 “一八一九年的英国 “Prometheus Unbound “解放了的普罗米修斯 1820 “To a Skylark “致云雀 1821 “A Defense of Poetry “诗辩 George G. Byron (1788-1824) 乔治·戈登·拜伦(The Byronic Hero: The revolu

32、tionary spirit, voice the rebellion against social customs.)Hours of Idleness (1807) 懒散时刻 Childe Harolds Pilgrimage (Canto I and II 1812; Canto III 1816; Canto IV, 1818) 恰尔德哈罗德游记 Oriental Tales (1813-1816) 东方叙事诗 Don Juan (1818-1823) 唐璜 The Age of Bronze (1822) 青铜时代 John Keats (1795-1821) 约翰·济慈1

33、818 “Endymion “恩底弥翁 1918 “Ode to a Nightingale “夜莺颂 “Ode on a Grecian Urn “希腊古瓮颂 “Ode to Autumn “秋颂“Ode on Melancholy “忧郁颂 1820 “Isabella; or the Pot of Basil “伊莎贝拉 “La Belle Dame Sams Merci “无情的美女 “Sonnet on Peace “和平十四行诗 The Romantics IV (The Prose Writers)Jane Austen (1775-1817)1811 Sense and Sen

34、sibility 理智与情感 1813 Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见 1814 Mansfield Park 曼斯菲尔德庄园 1816 Emma 爱玛 1818 Northanger Abbey 诺桑觉寺 Persuasion 劝导 Walter Scott (1771-1832)1802-1803 The Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border 1805 The Lay of the Last Minstrel 末代歌者之歌 1810 The Lady of the Lake 湖上夫人 1814 Waverly 威弗利 1815 Guy Mannering 盖·曼纳令 1817 Rob Roy 罗布·罗伊 1819 Ivanhoe 艾凡赫 Charles Lamb (1775-1843)Essays of Elia (1823;1833) 伊利亚随笔 Tales from Shakespeare (1807) 莎士比亚戏剧故事集 Specimens from English Dramatic Poets Contemporary with Shakespeare 莎士比亚时期英国戏剧诗人选 6 The Victorian Age (1837-1901) Critical RealismThe V