2019年高考北京卷英语真题(含答案)

1、2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。On the first day of my first grade , I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I1 （voice）m

2、y biggest concern to my mother. How will I make friends? ” She handed meadvice. Be yourself. For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2 （face） challenges. I know I willwhisper to 3 （I） the two simple words“ Be yourself .【答案

3、】1. voiced2. facing 3. myself【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困惑，妈妈的话让他受益终身。【1题详解】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？” 此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用过去式。故填 voiced。【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是 I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系， 用现在分词作状语。故填facing 。【3题详解】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自

4、己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填 myself 。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Earth Day ,4 (mark)on 22 April , is an annual event aiming to raise public awarenessabout environmental protection. First celebrated 5 1970, the Day now includes eventsin more than

5、190 countries and regions( 地区).No matter what you like to do , there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a mealwith locally grown vegetables , or save power - the possibilities are endless.【答案】4. marked 5. in 6. activities【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日

6、。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于 4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析 句式可知，设空处是要做名词 Earth Day的后置定语，且与其之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填 marked 。【5题详解】考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。【6题详解】考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填 activities 。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，

7、在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question7 (suggest)that , for most students , it doesnt. What students do at college seems tomatter much more than 8 they go. The students benefitting most from college arethose 9 are totally engaged( 参与)

8、in academic life. taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources( 资源),Students should have a proper attitude towards collegebefore thinking about which college to attend, and it s never too early to make necessarypreparations for a healthy and 10 (meaning)college experience.【答案】7. sugge

9、sts/suggested/has suggested8. where 9. who/that10. meaningful【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明，大学的名气对学生来说并不重要，从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活，充分利用大学的机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。【7题详解】 考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用现在时或一般过去时均可，故填 suggests/suggested/has suggested 。【8题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表

10、达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用 where 。9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。 3 are totallyengaged（参与）in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those ,空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填 who 或that 。【10题详解】修饰后面的名词 college experience ,故此处也要用形容考查形容词。这里与前面白词。故填 meaningful 。、题1.5分，共30分）给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,第二节 完形填空（共2 阅读下面短文，掌握其：并在答题卡上将该项涂：Rega

11、rdless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been 11 free rides to college studentsfor the past eight years. Since he first started 12 his car to the young

12、 people. Wilsonhas 13 am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and oftenhumorous 14 with the students he transports to and from school. The students whohes 15 have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what theyve also got out of their time in school is findin

13、g a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 16call him “Grandpa .Tina Stern 17 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meantmuch more to her than just free 18. Its not just a ride; youre not just sitting there in19 silence or with your headphones on. Stern said. He

14、 asks you questions and actually 20 the answers, so the next time you ride with him, hell 21 thosethings.Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the 22 asks the members only to drivestudents to and from their

15、classes, Wilson often goes 23 to ensure the welfare andsafety of the students. If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to 24 them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson willdrive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drive

16、s to and from school, Wilson never 25 to buy them a meal.For many students, Wilsons help is not only appreciated, its also entirely 26 for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students dont have a reliable car, while others have to 27 vehicles with parents who work six days a we

17、ek. For them,riding with Wilson has 28 them to complete their education- but according toWilson, he benefits just as much from the 29.I just love driving and I love these kids,Wilson said. Its such a(n)30 to be a part of these kids lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing t

18、heir stories.11. A. linkingB. sendingC. offeringD. distributing12. A. donatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. volunteering13. A. pavedB. coveredC. measuredD. wandered14. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negotiationsD. wandered15. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. conversations16. A. evenB. everC. onceD. already17.

19、 A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded18. A. transportationB. styleC. timeD. communication19. A. forcedB. awkwardC. ridiculousD. suspicious20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers21. A. act onB. settle onC. check onD. agree on22. A. clubB. leagueC. collegeD. programme23. A. farB. aroundC.

20、 beyondD. forwards24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warm25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange28. A. requiredB. allowedC. remindedD. convinced29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciationD. employment30. A. ef

21、fortB. ambitionC. privilegeD. convenience【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B20. D 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A30. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。【11题详解】根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson 确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指： Wilson 给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。【

22、12题详解】根据上文中的“ free rides ”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。【13题详解】Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程 64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。B 选项正确。【14题详解】Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈” ，故D选项正确。【15题详解】根据上文可知，Wilson 每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的he transports to and from school ”,故B选项正确。drive 意为驾车送（人）

23、【16题详解】这些学生将 Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷” 。该空表示递进，故 A选项正 确。【17题详解】根据后面的介词from 可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B选项正确。【18题详解】A选项正确。transportation 意为“运对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。送”。【19题详解】Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。”坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。【20题详解】在坐车的时候， Wilson会问这些

24、学生问题，然后记住答案。D选项正确。【21题详解】在坐车的时候， Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故 C选项正确。【22题详解】根据上一句中的 programme 可知，D选项正确。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point forCollege的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。 【23题详解】结合下文中提到的 If they have problems with registration, Wilson i

25、s there to them. Ifthey run out ofIf a student gets hungry ”可知，Wilson 的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。【24题详解】如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A选项正确。【25题详解】从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下D选项正确。学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。【26题详解】根据下文中 Some students don t have a reliable car, while others

26、.For them, riding withWilson has them to complete their education ”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说,乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C选项正确。【27题详解】有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”需用share 。 A选项正确。【28题详解】乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用 allow sb. to do sth. 。故 B 选项正确。【29题详解】Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经

27、历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。【30题详解】Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。AWant to explore new cultures , meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the t

28、hree with Global Development Association(GDA).Whateverstage of life youre at , wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA,youll createpositive changes in a poor and remote community（社区）.We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged17-24.Now we need volu

29、nteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in thesafe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers,mountain leaders , and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose , you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water ,

30、 or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn newskills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people wholl become

31、 your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:CountrySchedule4-weekprogrammes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul.- 1Aug.20Jun. -7Aug.Egypt24 Jul-20 Aug.19Jun.-6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul.-16Aug.18 Jun.-5 Aug.South Africa2Aug.-29 Aug.15 Jun.-2Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with c

32、ommunity members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Fin

33、d out more about joining a GDA programme:Website: Email: 31. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A. T o seek local partnersB. To take in young volunteersC. To carry out programmesD. To foster cultural awareness32. The programme beginning in Au

34、gust will operate inA. EgyptB. Algeria33. The shared goal of GDA s projects toA. explore new culturesC. gain corporate benefit【答案】31. C 32. D 33. DC. KenyaB. protect the environmentD. help communities in needD. South Afria【31题详解】细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending on which role youchoose, you coul

35、d help to increase .,or help to project.You might also design.可知， 根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的Co志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选【32题详解】细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个，可知答案选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据倒数第二段中 All our projects aim topromote the developm

36、ent of poor and remote communities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的小区。故选 D。Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur创业者）,who in May 2015 set up her businessAilieCandy. By the time she was 13,her company was worth millions of dollars with theinvention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids teeth,instead

37、of destroying them.It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, Why cant I make a health

38、y candy thats good for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it? With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candywould contain.With her dads permission, she spent the next

39、two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.Moore then u

40、sed her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moores product-Cancandy.As CanCandys success grows, so does Moores credibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore is enthusiastic abo

41、ut the candy she created, and shes also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.Meanwhile, with her parents help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasnt d

42、riven primarily by profit.Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandys profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.34. How did Moore react to her dads warning?A. She argu

43、ed with him.C. She paid no attention.35. What is special about CanCandy?A. It is beneficial to dental health.C. It is sweeter than other candies.36. What does Moore expect from her business?A. T o earn more money.B. She tried to find a way out.D. She chose to consult dentists.B. It is free of sweete

44、ners.D. It is produced to a dentists recipe.B. To help others find smiles.C. To make herself stand out.D. To beat other candy companies.37. What can we learn from Alice Moores story?A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.C. Positive thinking and action resul

45、t in success.D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alice Moore , 一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。【34题详解】推理判断题。 根据第二段的 But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to getround the warning, Why can t I make a healthy candy tha

46、ts good for my teeth so that myparents cant say no to it?及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy 的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路。故选Bo【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only usingnatural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.可知，因此，这种糖只使用天然甜味齐山 可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选 Ao【36题详解】细节理解

47、题。根据最后一段的Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find theirsmiles.可知，Moor想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选 B。【37题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了 Moor的创业故事，她之所以能成功源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观的看待问题，积极的想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选CoCThe problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick upcalls

48、 from numbers they dont know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will bescams（欺诈）.We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools , apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately , its too little , to

49、o late. By the time these“solutions（ 解决方案）become widely available , scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future , its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats b

50、ecause there are a number of powerful voice manipulation （处理 ）andautomation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this years I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak

51、 to a receptionist and book areservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision Adecade of data breaches（数据侵入）of personal information has led to a situat

52、ion wherescammers can easily learn your mother s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge. theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. Thismeans. for example , that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar numberand talk to you using a voice that s

53、ounds exactly like your bank teller s, ricking you intoconfirming your address , mothers name , and card number. Scammers follow money , so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and muchof it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation

54、technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showingto

55、wards data-based communicationswhen and who they were made by. or abandoning phone calls altogether and movingusing apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.38. How does

56、the author feel about the solutions to problem of robecalls?A. Panicked.B. Confused.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappointed.39. taking advantage of the new technologies,scammer canA. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easilyC. start campaigns rapidlyD. spread information widely40. What does the passage imply?A. Honesty is the best policy.B. Technologies can be doub