上海高考英语词汇手册整理

1、词汇手册整理1. abilitythe ability to dothe capability of doingbe (un)able to dobe capable of sth/doing1 主语可以是物2 可以加不好的事Cf. was able to do ( = managed to do = succeeded in doing sth) Couldenable sb. to do2. (ab)normal adj.n. above normalbelow normalreturn to normalCf. average adj. 平均的；典型，有代表性的n. above/belo

2、w averageon (the) averageagainst an average of the average driverscommon adj. 人人都有；到处可见It s common to have a mobile phone now.共同； 共有 have - in common; common interestordinary adj.general adj. 总的 the general managerthe general idea/outline社会一般的the general publicgeneral knowledgegeneral election gener

3、ally speaking in general VS in detailusual adj.universal adj. a universal truth/rulea universal language/universal peace/donor topics of universal interest n. the universe Cf. space3. aboard adv. prep go aboard the ship.On board4. abroad adv.go/study abroad; from home and abroad5. absence n. one s a

4、bsence from in the absence of = for lack of absent adj. be absent from VS be present at absent-minded6. absorb vt.absorb light/water/heat/the training/what he says(sb.) be absorbed in sth/doing sth7. accept vt. Cf accept an invitation receive an invitationCf. be accepted by all be well/coldly/poorly

5、 received by allCf. be accepted by a companybe admitted to/into a company (un)acceptable adj. be acceptable to sb.8. access (u)n. the access to the villagehave (easy/no) access to the librarythe Internet access(in)accessible adj. be to9. accident n. Cf. accidenteventincidentissueby accident = by cha

6、nce = accidentally = unintentionallyon purpose = by intention = by design = purposefully = intentionally10. according to the chairman/reportaccording to the specific situationaccording to me ( 此表达法错，正确为so/as far as I am concerned)11. accountaccount for 1) 占据 Girls account for 30% of the whole class.

7、2)解释 的原因 The student could not account for his absence.Give a detailed/full account of sthTake sth into account/considerationOn no account should we give up. We should not on any account give up.12. with great accuracyCf. accurateexactactual13. accuse sb. of sthcharge sb. with stharrest sb. for sth.

8、blame sb. for sth. = blame sth. on sb.scold sb. for sth.criticize sb. for sth.excuse sb. rorpraise sb. for14. accustomed adj. his accustomed seat/ an accustomed smilebe accustomed to sth./doing sth. = be used to sth./doing sth.get accustomed to sth./doing sth. = get used to sth./doing sth.15. ache n

9、.have a bad headache/stomachachevi. = hurtI ache all over.My heart aches for you.My leg has been hurting/aching since yesterday.Cf. hurt (hurt, hurt)vt. hurt my leg/have my leg hurt/hurt my feelingsvi. My leg hurts.wound vt. a wounded solidern. = injuryinjure vt. injure his leg / injure his feelings

10、n. injurydamage vt. damage the table/chairsdamage one s health/eyesightn. do/cause damage toCf. damagesdestroy vt.spoil vt. Spare the rod, spoil the child.a spoilt childspoil his birthday party/the picnicCf. offend himharm vt. harm sb.harm one s eyesn. do harm to sb. = do sb. harm= be harmful to = b

11、e bad for16. achieve vt.achieve success/ fame/recognition/an effect达到（较抽象）achieve a task/one s aim 完成achievement n. make achievements inaccomplish vt. accomplish a task/one s airmg成做到（具体）学得；养成accomplish something/nothing/wonders/whatever you do fulfill vt. fulfill a promise/contrast履行fulfill a task

12、完成 fulfill one s needs/requirements = meet; satisfy 满足 17. acquire vt.acquire sth . 获得 acquire a knowledge of French/a bad reputation gain vt . gain sth. /gain （ lose ） five minutes a day obtain vt . obtain sth. /obtain ones goalearn vt . earn sb. sth.win vt . win sth./ win sb. sth. / win over sb.18

13、. across the desert; shout across the room; run across the plain Come across19. act asact n. Cf. actbehaviouraction deed20. actual adj. the actual price/ the actual cost/ his actual words/ in actual factCf. realreal leather/silka real person in real life21.adaptadopt22.true It s not true. She made u

14、p the story. true love/friendsadjustadd v.v. adapt sth. to sth.adapt oneself to sth. = adapt to sth.vt. adopt a childadopt a good attitude/the proposalvt. adjust the focus/ the clockadjust oneselfto sth. = adjust to sth.add sth. to sth.add up A and Badd that 接着说add to sth. = increase sth.增添了 add to

15、our helplessnessaddition23.addressn.vt.24.admirevt.25.admitvt.(sth) add up to 总和n. in addition to = besidesin additi on = besides = furthermore = what注意词义address the envelopeaddress the meeting/ a large audiences moreadmire you/ admire your bravery /admire you for your bravery admire the beautiful s

16、unset = appreciate admit sb. to/into sp.admit doing sth.VS deny doing sth.9.30.Cf. permit vt. permit sth.allowadvancevt. allow sth.permit doing sth.allow doing sth.advise doing recommend doingpermit sb. to do allow sb. to doadvise sb. to dorecommend sb. to dov.n. C/Umake advances in = make

17、 progress in advancement n. Uadvanced technology / advanced course take full advantage of = make full use of = make the most of Cf. make the best ofhave an advantage over_sbadventureCf. ventureRiskn.冒险的活动n. 冒险的事业 Every venture has the possibility of making or losing money.advertise the new car model

18、 in the newspaper advertise for a job/roommate advise sb. on sth.advise sb. to doadvise doingadvise that (should) do give advice to sb. on sth.suggest sth.suggest one s doingsuggest (to sb.) thatmake a suggestion to sb.(should) dogive tips to sb. on sth.31. affair (usu. pl.) foreign affairs/ politic

19、al affairs household affairs/ a love affairCf. businessdo business withbusiness hours on business or for pleasureIt s none of your business. set up/start a businessmatter It s a matter of choice/of personal tastes/life and death.Is there anything the matter with you?32. affect vt . affect a child s

20、growh响)be affected by the story = be moved/touched by the story be affected by a disease = be infected with/by a disease=develop/catch/pick up/(carry) a diseaseCf. influence vt. influence a child s thought/opinionn. U have influence oneffectn. have an effect on achieve the intended effect cause and

21、effectcreate a wonderful sound effect33.effortimpactaffordvt.(sth.)take effectn. make effort(s) to do spare no efforts to don. have an impact on买得起afford sth.bring sth. into effectwithout effort(s) in one s efforts to do through combined effortsafford to do承受得起后果 A language learner cannot afford not

22、 to have a dictionary.34.afraidadj. be afraid to do be afraid of doingCf. I am afraid of dogs.I fear dogs.Dogs frighten me.35.I am frightened at dogs. agree to doagree to my planagree with me/my words/what I saidHis words don t agree with his actions. 相符The food/weather here does not agree with me.适

23、合，适宜(All of them) agree on (a date)come to/reach/arrive at an agreementagreeable(= pleasant) people/weather36. ahead of me在前面；胜过ahead of time/scheduleVS behind timeahead of one s time/the times VS behind the times 落后于时代 37. aid n. a knowledge of first aidhearing aidsaudio-visual aidsteaching aidscom

24、e to/ go to one s aid/help/rescue/assistance with the aid of = with the help of aid v. = help; assist aid (sb.) with sth. aid sb. in doing38. aim his gun at the targetaim his words at meaim at sth.aim to do = aim at doingThe advert aims at promoting good service.aim high achieve one s aim to do sth.

25、39. alike(adv.) The boss treats us all alike. (=in the same way)(adj.) The two brothers look much alike. Cf. A looks like B.40. Cf. alive the oldest man alive catch sb. alive keep sb. aliveliving the oldest living manthe living and the deada living languagelively a lively boy/lessonlive (adj.)a live

26、 broadcast/matchexperiment on live animals(adv.)be broadcast live41. all students/all the students/all of the students all of them in allall in all after all above all first of all all over (not) at all42. almost nobody/nothing/no not nearly satisfactory = far from satisfactory/perfect/enough almost

27、/nearly everybody Cf. almost/most/mostly43. alone adj. She is alone, but she isn t not lonely.adv. do it alone = do it on one s own = do it by oneselfMoney alone( 光，仅仅) can t make me happy.lonely adj. She is lonely.a lonely girla lonely village = a remote/faraway village44. amaze vt.amuse vt.45. hav

28、e an ambition to do sth achieve/realize/fulfill one s ambition46. a large amount of; a great deal of+ Uplenty of, a large quantity of; large quantities of + U/Cmasses of; a good many; a large number of + C47. in ancient times VS in modern timesthe ancients48. be angry with sb. at/about sth.49. annou

29、nce vt. 公开宣布announce sth. ( announce their marriage)announce that declare vt. ( 权威 . 政府)宣布; 申报关税declare sth. (declare peace/war)declare sth/sb. (to be) + n./adj.(declare the meeting open)declare that claim vt. 要求获得权利;认领某物claim sth. (claim the wallet/ claim the reward) 自称 claim to do ( 无 claim sb. to

30、 do)claim that demand vt. 需要 demand sth. ( demand great care/patience)= need sth.= call for sth. = require sth.( 强烈 ) 要求 demand sth. ( demand an apology/ demand a reasonable explanation) demand to do ( 无 demand sb. to do)demand that (should) dorequire vt. 需要 require sth.= need sth. = demand sth. = c

31、all for sth.require doing = require to be done ( = want; need; deserve)(规定) 要求 require sb. to do(sb. ) be required to dorequire too much of sb. = ask too much of sb. = expect too much of sb.( = beg sth. of sb.)require that (should) doh. requirementmeet/satisfy admission/entrance requirementsinquire

32、vi. 咨询,询问inquire for sth. = ask forinquire about sth. = ask aboutinquire into the matterinquire after sb.i. inquiry make inquiries for/about/into/afterrequest vt. 请求 request sth. (from sb. )request sb. to dorequest that (should) doj. make an request for sth.a pamphlet will be sent on/upon requestat

33、one s request = at the request of mand vt. command the army / command silence指挥command respect/ command a high price博得command a large vocabulary/ command English = mastercommand sb. to docommand that (should) don. have a good command of English = have a good mastery of English50. annoy vt. 惹恼

34、annoy sb. (with sth.) be annoyed by the poor bus service disturb vt. 打搅 disturb sb. (with sth.)Don t disturb.扰乱 disturb the smooth surface of the river disturb the balance of nature 使心烦意乱 be disturbed by the news errupt vt. 打断 interrupt us (with sth.)interrupt our conversationbother

35、vt . 打搅bother sb. with sth.vi. 麻烦 ; 费心 Don t bother to do that. Don t bother about supper.He hasn t even bothered to write to his parents. 他甚至懒得写信给他爸妈51. answer vt. answer the question = reply to the question answer the telephone/doorbell/the appeal of the government answer for .为。负责n. = reply52. be

36、 anxious for sth. = be eager for=be desperate for be anxious about sth. = be worried about53. anyhow = anyway adv. 无论如何Cf. somehow adv. 不知怎么的; 以某种方式somewhat adv. = a bit; a little 54. apologize to sb. for sth.make an apology to sb. for sth.55. appeal vi. 恳求 ;要求 appeal to sb. for sth./ appeal to sb.

37、to do sth. = call on sb. to do = urge sb. to do 诉诸appeal to war/arms吸引appeal to meappeal n. make an appeal for sth.Have great appeal for sb. 对某人具有很大的吸引力56. Cf. sb. appear/seem/happen to be/to do There appear/seem/happen to be It appear/seem/happen thatCf. sb. is said/reported/known/assumed/thought/b

38、elieved to be/to doIt is said/reported/known/assumes/thought/believedthat As is known,57. have an appetite for sth.lose/stimulate one s appetite58. burst into applausewarm applause join in the applause59. electrical appliances = electrical equipmenthousehold appliancesCf. appliance 器具 electrical/hou

39、sehold appliances equipment U toolcarpenter s tools /gardener s toolsinstrumentlab/musical/medical instrumentsan instrument for/of communicationdevice a device for peeling apples/for closing the door automatically implement 用具 farming/writing/gardening implements facility U 便利 be used with great fac

40、ilitypl. 设施 kitchen/airport/educational/language teaching facilities60. complete/fill in/fill out an application form approve/refuse/reject/turn down an application make an application to sb. for sth.the new application(s) of sth. in (a field)apply to sb. for sth.apply the rule to this occasion(The

41、rule does not) apply to the caseThe rule applies(be effective) till next May.61. appoint him (as/to be) chairman of the board meet at the appointed time see patients by appointment only make/have an appointment with sb.62. have an appreciation of modern art/paintingsappreciate you/your talentappreci

42、ate modern art/paintingsappreciate your help/appreciate your kindness in doing sth.= thank you for your help = be grateful/thankful to you for your help= show my gratitude to you for your help63. 批准 approve the planwait for the fund to be approved同意 approve (of) your opinion64. area n. cover an area

43、 of 100 square meters be outstanding in his area = in his field Cf. region district zone field65. argue with sb. over/about sth.augue for/against sth.argument n.66. arise vi. = come up; appear; emergearise fromrise vi. = stand up = raise one selfrise to one s feetThe flag is rising.a rising flag VS

44、a risen sunn. on the rise = on the increaserise and fall of an umpireraise vt. raise oneselfraise a flag at the flag-raising ceremonyraise one s voice /the rentraise money = collect money raise pets = keep petsarouse vt. arouse curiosity/interest67. arrange flowersarrange booksarrange for sb. to do

45、sth. Mom has arranged for me to study abroad.arrange with sb. to do sth.I ve arranged with Jack to meet at the square.make arrangements/preparations for sth./to do sth.68. arrive at VS. arrive inThe letter reached me yesterday. ( 不可用 get to/arrive at)arrive at an agreement/decision/conclusion69. art

46、icle n. 文章 write an article on sth.物品 see articles of all kindsCf. item n. 一则新闻a news item = an item of news一项 many items on display/on the list/in the test paperI love the last item on the program.70. artificial adj. an artificial flower/ snow/ leg/hand/eye/satellite an artificial smile/artificial

47、mannersCf. synthetic fibers/materialsfalse teetha false statement/alarmfake money a fake painting by Picasso a faulty electric fan71. such as the same assuch a great man as he=a great man like himCf. She is such a nice girl as is loved by all of us.She is such a nice girl that she is loved by all of

48、 us.She is such a nice girl as to be loved by all of us.Cf. as, likeas, though, althoughas, when, whileas, whichas as, so as as; because; since 72. be/feel ashamed of sth.Cf. shamefuladj.73. be/fall asleepVSa sleeping babybe fast/sound asleepVS be wide awake74. assign sth. to sb.assign sb. to sth. I

49、 was assigned to that project.assign sb. sth. assign sb. to do sth.75. 联系 ; 联想 associate A with BA be associated with B有关联 relate A to BA be related to B结合combine A with BA combine with B连接 ; 联系 link A to/with B = connect A to/with B 系 tie A to B76. 假定 assume sth. (assume his innocence)assume sb. (t

50、o be) + adj./n. assume that承担 assume office/responsibility77. assure sb. of sth.assure sb. that ensure sth.ensure sb. sth.ensure that guarantee vt. 保修 guarantee the clock for a year保证 guarantee to do = guarantee that担保 guarantee the painting genuinen. have a two-year guaranteeunder guaranteea guaran

51、tee of happinessa guarantee to do a guarantee that insure his house against fire78. attack vt. a disease/disaster attack/strike/hit a placen. make/launch an attack on die of a heart attack79. attach sth. to sth. attach to sth. be attached to sth.80. attempt sth.attempt to do sth.make an attempt at s

52、th.make an attempt to do sth.81. attend a meeting/a concert/school/church attend (to) a sick child = tend (to) = look after = take care of attend to the matter82. pay attention to sth./doing sth. attract/draw/catch one s attention catch one s eyecall one s attention to sth.83. adopt/assume/take/main

53、tain a positive/negative attitude towards/about sth.84. attract sb./sth.attract sb. to/into sp.distract sb. from sth./doing sth. a tourist attraction (U)85. a large /small audience ( = vocabulary) an audience of 10086. have authority over sb.87. be available to sb. make sth available to sb. Three ba

54、sketball playgrounds are available to students.88. avenge sth. on sb.89. avoid sth. avoid doing sth. Cf. prevent a disease90. awake adj. awaken vt. awaken sb. wakevt. wake sb. (up)vi. wake up wakenvt. waken sb.vi.91. award vt. award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.Cf. reward sb. with sth. for sth.give/o

55、ffer/hand sb. sth. = give/offer/hand sth. to sb.present sb. with sth. = present sth. to vide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.supply sb. with sth. = supply sth, to sb.award n. Cf. reward, prize92. Cf. be (un)aware of sth. be consciousremain conscious after the accidentbe conscious of sth.93. be set in a backgroundlook nice against the black background94. backward adv. go backward VS go forward adj. a background country95. be badly needed/wantedbe more badly needed/wantedbe badly donebe worse donebe in bad/urgent need of sth96. brea