英语小升初暑期衔接材料(自整理)

1、英语小升初暑期衔接材料一、字母与音标：1.字母的分类：厂元音字母（5个）：a e i o u字母 J（26 ）个辅音字母（21个）2.音标:初中英语国际标准音标练习 ,、* 人首（20 个）12个前元音（4个）i:ie? 后元音（5个）a:?: ?u: u中元音（3个）?: ?双向8个合口双元音（5个）ei ?u ai au ?i 集中双元音（3个）i ? u ? 辅首（28 个）清辅 音（11个）ptkfs8?t ? tr ts h浊辅 音（17个）bdgvze?d ?dr dz lmn?jwr认识几个定义：1、音素 英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音 发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。

2、3、辅音发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节说话时最小的语音片段。一个可以为单个元音（如I/a ?）,或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音 （如tree /tri:/ ）。 单词可以根据音节数量分为：单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。即元音+辅音（如5、开音节 以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节，即辅音 十元音（如me, he等）；或 以不发音字母 e 结尾（如 name, come等）。6、闭音节以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音,it, pen, pick7、重读 在双音节或多音节单词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音 节读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“”表示。8、清

3、音和浊音（辅音）发音时声带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音。兀日1. 长短：/i:/?/ /?:/ / ?/ /?:/ / ?/ /U:/?/2. 大小：/e/ ?/ /a/ / ?/3. I 组：/e?/ /a ?/ / 274. U 组：/?/a ?/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/5. ?组：/?/e ?/ / ?/keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/meet/mi:t/i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/h

4、elp/ ? / fat/f ? t/ have/h ? v/ cat/k ? t/ back/b ? k/ hat/h ? t/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ ?:/ horse/h ?: s/ saw/s ?:/ corn/k ?:n/ course/k ?:s/ salt/s ?:t/ / ? / dog/d ?g/ pot/p ?t/ cost/k ?st/ what/w ?t/ honest/ ?nist/u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/l

5、u:s/ noon/nu:n/u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ ? / must/m ?st/ does/d ?z/ money/ m?ni/ ugly/ ?gli/ come/k ?m/ ?:/nurse/n ?:s/ bird/b ?:d/ burn/b ?:n/ turn/t ?:n/ girl/g ?:l/ ? / better/bet ?/ never/nev ?/ worker/w ?:k ?/ welcome/welk ?m/ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/

6、eit/ age/eid/ ?u/no/n ?u/pose/p ?uz/ /ai/eye/ai/kite/kait/home/h?um/hope/h ?up/wrote/r ?ut/time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/?/note/n ?ut/bike/baik/au/now/nau/ out/aut/how/hau/ about/ ?baut/ south/sau 0/house/haus/ /?i/ boy/b ?i/ toy/t ?i/ noise/n ?iz/ voice/v ?is/ point/p ?int/coin/k ?in/i ?/ear/i ?/

7、near/ni ?/ idea/ai di?/ hear/hi ?/ mere/mi?/spear/spi ?/ £ / air/ £ / tear/t £ / care/k £ / dare/d £ / fair/f £ /there/ e £ /u ?/ tour/tu ?/ poor/pu ?/ sure/ ?u?/ moor/mu ?/（停泊）your/ju ?/p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/t ?p/ cap/k ? p/ people/pi:pl/pride/praid/b/ bee/bi:/

8、 by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/bl? k/ bear/b £ /t/let/let/ sat/s? t/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/d/led/led/ sad/s? d/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di?/k/ lack/l ? k/ take/teik/ clock/kl ?k/ class/kla:s/weekend/wi:kend/g/ big/big/ lag/l ? g/ glass/gla:s/ gum/g ?m/ good/gud/guest/gest/f/ face/feis/ fast/

9、fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s?:f/favorite/ feiv ?rit/v/ very/ veri/ five/faiv/ fever/fi:v ?/ serve/s ?:v/ never/ nev?/ 0/ bath/ba:0/（v 洗澡）thick/ Oik/ mouth/mau0/ breath/bre0/（n 呼吸）thought/ 0 ?t/ author/ ? 0?/ truth/tru:0/ e/the/ e?/ they/ eei/ that/ e? t/ mother/ m?e?/ thus/ e?s/then/ een/s/ face/feis/ m

10、ouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/k ? ps/ likes/laiks/stops/st ?ps/z/ close/kl ?uz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/b ?iz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/t 7 catch/k ? t ?/ cheep/t ?i:p/ rich/rit ?/ watch/wt ?/ child/t ?aild/question/kwest ?n/ teach/ti:t ?/ challenge/t ?lind ?/d ?/ orange/ ?rid ?/large/la:d ?/ juice/d ?u:s/ jo

11、b/d?b/tr/tree/tri:/try/trai/true/tru:/trouble/traubl/track/tr ? k/dr/dry/drai/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/dri ?k/hundred/ h?ndrid/17she/ ?:/ sharp/?a:p/ fish/fi7 shock/ ?k/ shoe/?u:/?/pleasure/ ple ?/measure/me?/television/telivi?n/ts/let s/lets/sports/sp?:ts/puts/puts/writes/raits/seats/si:ts/dz/h

12、ands/h ? ndz/birds/b ?:dz/friends/freindz/beds/bedz/stands/st ? ndz/h/l/he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/him/him/ heard/hlike/laik/ late/leit/ learn/l?:n/?:d/ half/ha:f/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/m/my/mai/more/m?:/seem/si:m/meat/mi:t/mind/maind/men/men/n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/fine/fain/ ?/ sin

13、g/si ?/ wing/wi ?/ ring/ri ?/ long/l?/ beautiful/bju:t?fl/j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/ excuse/ik skju:z/mju:zik/ student/ stju:dnt/w/ work/w?:k/way/wei/ well/wel/what/w?t/twelve/twelv/twin/twin/r/ red/red/ road/r?ud/ write/rait/ wrong/r?/ problem/ pr?bl ?m/音标综合练习1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /? /bit/ /w

14、i:k/ /di:l/ /ri ?l/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /p ? k/ /g? p/ /k ? g/ /n ? g/ /r ? m/ /b ? tl/ /sed/ / h? pi/ /ten/ /red/pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red / setl/ /tr ? ?/ /di bend/ settle trash depend2

15、./a:/ / /? / /u:/ /u/a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/12dl/l ?:n/ /n ?:t/ /p ?:z/ /f ?ks/s?k/ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock/fa:/ /la:d ? / /ma:k/ /l ?:d/ /t ?:/ /st ?:m/ /p ?t/ /kr ?p/ 0 ?t/pr ?mis/far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise/huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mu

16、d/ /0ru:/ /pul/ /wud/hook loose soot took mood through pull wood3 ./ ?/ / ?/ / ?/b?z/d?l/ /h?ri/ /g ?lf/ / tr ?bl/ / ?:n/s?:f/'t?:n?/'beg?/t ?k/buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck/k?:b/ /?:k/ /?merik / /s?k?/ / k? mp?/ /s ? 'vei/ /p ? Veid/ /p ? h? ps/curb irk Ameri

17、ca soccer camper survey pervade perhaps/b?: 'lesk/ n?:d ?/burlesque murder4 ./ei/ /?u/ /ai/ /au/ /?i/keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /pr?p?uz/ /m?u ?n/ /st ?un/ /?uv?/ /sait/kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /taipist/ /aust/ /m?ist/ / ?ist ?/rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster5

18、./i ?/ / ?/ /u ?/vi ?/ / ?'f?/ /d ?/ /sk ?/ /bu ?n/ /gu ?d/ /'ru?r?l/ /? pi ?/ /k ?l ?mbi?/veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Colombia/m?ti?ri?l/misti?ri ?s/material mysterious6 ./ 。/ / e/m?n。/ /9i:f/ / e? t/ / e? n/ /fei。/ /t ?gee?/ / 。？k/ /e?m'selvz/month thief that than f

19、aith together thank themselves注：6个爆破音有3又/p/ , /b/ , /t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做 出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。(1) “爆破音 播破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of peo

20、ple.Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.We re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?It 's a very col(d) day, but it's a goo(d) day.You can put i(t) down in the

21、 bi(g) garden.I bought a chea(p) book, but it's a goo(d) book.(2) “爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如 /f/，/s/ , /W/, /T/等)，那么前 面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell.Goo(d) morning, dear.Uncle Li 's fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) ni

22、ght.-Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don'(t) know.The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.Goo(d) luck, Lin Tao二.名词1 .可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。1)一般名词的复数形式以加-s或-es的方式构成情况加法例词一般情况加-sbrothers, bookssisters, schools以 s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加-esbuses,foxes,watches,dishes

23、以辅音字母+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-eslady fladies , country fcountries(boys toys ways)以o结尾的名词多数加-spianos, photos, zoos少数以o结尾的名词加-esheroes,negroes , tomatoes,potatoes以f或fe结尾的名词多数变f或fe为v,再加-esleaf fleaves ,wife f wivesknife fknives , wolf f wolves2）不规则的复数形式（常见）：man 一tooth一foot一woman一Child fgoosefmousefsheep-3）单复数词形相同

24、的词：sheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Japanese etc.4）表示某国人的名词：中国人、H本人，复数小需加-s （Chinese, Japanese ）速记口诀：男人、女人变一个；鹅、脚、牙齿变两个；小孩后面加三个；中、日、绵羊、小鹿永不变。2.不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。不可数名词没有复数 （如some water）,不能与不定冠词连用。写出下列各词的复数photo diary_daydressthiefpeachjuicewaterricet

25、eamanwomanbananabuschildfootsheepleaf（ 树叶）dishknifepenboy_babymapcityboxbookclasseyeofficecarfox（ 狐狸）watchskirtshelfcinematomatotoothwifepostman family mouseChinese sandwich glass policeman strawberry三.一般现在时1 .一般现在时的功能：1） .表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如： The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2） .表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如： I get up at six e

26、very day.我每天六点起床。3） .表示客观现实。如： The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。2 .一般现在时的构成：1 . be 动词：主语+be（am, is, are）+ 其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。注意：（我用am,你用are ,三单is ,复数are。）2 .行为动词：主语+ 行为动词（+其它）。如：We study English.我们学习英语。注意：（当主语为第三人称单数 （he, she,it）时，要在动，后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛

27、丽喜欢汉语。）3 .一般现在时的变化：1be动词的变化：肯定句：主语+be+其它。如：He is a worker.他是工人。否定句：主语+ be + not + 其它。He is not a worker. 他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。（be动词移到句首）如：I am a student.-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如: My bike is under the tree.Is your bike under the tree?Where is your bike?2）行为动

28、词的变化。肯定句：主语+动词原形（+其它）。否定句：主语+ don't（ doesn't ） +动词原形（+其它）。如：I like bread.I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He ofter plays football.He doesn't often play football.一般疑问句：Do（ Does ） + 主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词 do, does ） 如：I often play football.- Do you often play football?-

29、Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：She goes to school by bike.- Does she go to school by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：She goes to school by bike.Does she go to school by bike?How does she go to school?3.动词+s的变化规则1) . 一般情况下，直接加 -s ,如：cook-cooks,

30、milk-milks2) .以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，力口 -es ,如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3) .以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，变 y为i, 再加-es ,如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练：一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgo_staymake _lookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteach二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I a boy. you a boy? No, I not.2. The girl Ja

31、ck's sister.3. your brother in the classroom?4. Where your mother?She at home.5. Mike and Liu Tao at school.6. Whose dress this?7. The jeans on the desk.8. Here some sweaters for you.9. Some tea in the glass.10. David and Helen from England?11. There a girl in the room.12. There some apples on t

32、he tree.13. There a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often(have) dinner at home.2. We(not watch) TV on Monday.3. Mike(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.4. they(like) the World Cup?5. your parents(read) newspapers every day?6. She and I(take) a walk together every

33、evening.7. Mike(like) cooking.8. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully.9. You always(do) your homework well.10. The child often(watch) TV in the evening.四、按照要求改写句子1. David watches TV every evening 改为否定句 )2. I do my homework every day.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答 ）3. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句 )4. She i

34、s always a good student.（改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答）四、现在进行时1 .现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段 正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now, look, listen. ）2 .现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.如： Tom is reading books in his study .3 .现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。如： Tom is reading books in his study .Tom is not reading books in his study .4 .现在进行时的一般疑问句把

35、be动词调到句首。如：Tom is reading books in his study .Is Tom reading books in his study?5 .现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句？（注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上 doing ）如：Tom is reading books in his study .Tom is reading books in hisstudy .Is Tom reading books in his study ? What is Tom doing in his study?Is To

36、m reading books in his study ? Where is Tom reading books?动词加ing的变化规则1 . 一般情况下，直接加 ing ,如：cook-cooking2 .以不发音的 e 结尾， 去 e 力Ding ,如： make-making, taste-tasting3 .如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing ,如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：、写出下列动词的现在分词:playrunswimmakegolikewriteskireadhavesingdancepu

37、tseebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：I.The boy( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother( cook )some nice foodnow.4. What you( do ) now?5. Look . They( have) an English lesson .6. They(not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls(dance )in

38、the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She(listen ) to music.9. It's 5 o'clock now. We(have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1 . They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2 .The students are cleaning the classroom .(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3.I ' m playing the foo

39、tball in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)4. Tom is reading books in his study .(对划线部分进行提问)五、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构： be going to + do ; 如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow. will+ do.如：I will go s

40、wimming tomorrow.三、否定句：在 be动词(am, is, are )后加not或情态动词 will后加not成won' t。如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow. f I am not going to go swimming tomorrow.I will go swimming tomorrow. 一 I will not go swimming tomorrow.四、一般疑问句： be动词或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互 换。如：I am going to go swimming tomo

41、rrow. 一 Are you going to go swimming tomorrow?I will go swimming tomorrow.fWill you go swimming tomorrow?五、对划线部分提问。（疑问词+一般疑问句？）一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1、问人。Who例如：I amgoing to school.Tom will go to school.Are you going toschool?Will Tom go to school?Who s going to school?Who will go to school?2、问干什么。 W

42、hat do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.Is your father going to watch a race with you this afternoon.?What is your father going to do with you this afternoon?My father will watch a race with methis afternoon.Willyour father watch a race with you this afternoon.?What will

43、your father do with you this afternoon?3、问什么时候。 When.例如： She is going to swim at nine. She will swim at nine.Is she going to swim at nine ? Will she swim at nine ?When is she going to swim ? When will she swim?六、同义句：be going to = will （be going to常指客观情况，will常指主观情况）I am going to go swimming tomorrow

44、（明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow. 一、改句子。1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy going to go camping.2. I ' ll go and join them.（改否定）I go join them.3. I'm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）meet at the bus s

45、top at 10:30.5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）she after school?6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.（同上）going to see a play the day after tomorrow.二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Today is a sunny day. We （have） a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother（go） to S

46、hanghai next week.3. Tom often（go） to school on foot. But today is rain. He（go） to school by bike.4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually(watch) TV and (catch) insects?5. It's Friday today. What she(do) this weekend? She(watch) TV and (catch) insects.6. What (do) you do last Sunday? I (

47、pick) apples on a farm. What (do) next Sunday? I (milk) cows.7. Mary(visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8. Liu Tao(fly) kites in the playground yesterday.9. David(give) a puppet show next Monday.10. I(plan) for my study now.五、一般过去时1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2. Be动词在

48、一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去日中变为 was。(was not=wasn't )are 在一般过去日中变为 were。 ( were not=weren't )带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样，即否定句在 was或 were后加not , 一般疑问句把 was或were调到句首。3. 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn't + 动词原形，如： Jim went home yesterday.Jim didn't go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did ,句子中的动词

49、过去式变回原形。如：Jim went home yesterday.Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句？如：Jim went home yesterday.Did Jim go home yesterday?What did Jim do yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1 . 一般在动词末尾加-ed ,如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .结尾是 e 力口 d,如：taste-tasted3 .末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed ,如：stop-stopped4

50、 .以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的，变 y为i , 再加-ed ,如：study-studied5 .不规则动词过去式：词义现在(原形)过去是 am, is (be) was是 are (be) were成为 become became开始 begin began弯曲 bend bent吹 blow blew买 buy bought能 can could捕捉 catch caught选择 choose chose来 come came切 cut cut做 do, does did画 draw drew饮 drink drank吃 eatate感觉 feelfelt发现 findfound飞 fly

51、flew忘记 forget forgot得到 get got给 give gave走 go went成长 grow grew有 have, has had听 hear heard受伤hurthurt保持keepkept知道knowknew学习 learn learned, learnt允许，让 let let躺 lie lay制造makemade可以maymight意味meanmeant会见meetmet必须mustmust放置putput读 read read骑、乘riderode响、鸣ringrang跑 run ran说 say said看见 see saw将 shall should 唱

52、歌 sing sang坐下 sit sat睡觉sleepslept说 speak spoke 度过spend spent扫 sweep swept过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isamflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdoBe动词的过去时练习（1） 一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a mome

53、nt ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：2. All the students were very excited.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：3. They were in his po

54、cket.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：行为动词的过去时练习(1)一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He(live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat(eat) a bird last night.3. We(have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy(pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I(make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They(play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My moth