职称英语真题-卫生类B级2004年

1、2004 年职称英语考试卫生类(B 级)试题及答案第 1 部分：词汇选项(第 l 15 题，每题1 分，共 15 分)下面共有15 个句子， 每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选项中选择1 个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 Have you talked to her lately?A lastlyB finallyC shortlyD recently2 While we don?t agree， we continue to be friendsA whoeverB WhereC AlthoughD Whatever3

2、 Enormous sums of money have been spent on space exploration A MuchB LargeC SmallD Fixed4 About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer A every yearB severelyC activelyD every month5 The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accidentA secretsB details C benefitsD word

3、s6 We will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams A effectB accountC effortD discount7 There are a limited number of books on this subject in the libraryA smallB totalC goodD great8 The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting A showedB suggestedC agreedD believ

4、ed9 Mary has blended the ingredients.A madeB mixed C cookedD eaten10 They agreed to modify their policyA clarifyB defineC changeD develop11 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth A take outB break offC push inD dig up12 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in SeptemberA playB

5、showC sendD tell13 This table is strong and durableA10ng-1astingB extensiveC far reachingD eternal14 He endured great pain before he finally expiredA firedB resigned C diedD retreated15 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirrorA smilingB laughing C shoutingD staring第 2 部分：阅读判断 (第 1622 题，每题 1 分，共 7

6、 分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该旬提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A 涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把 B 涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C 涂黑。SleepingPeople who sleep for more than eight hours a night do not live as long as those who sleepfor six hours，according to the biggest study yet into sleep patterns and mortality

7、(死亡率 )Scientists have no explanation for the findings and do not know if they mean people wholike a lie in( 睡懒觉 )Can extend their lives by sleeping lessAlthough it is a common belief that sleeping for at least eight hours a night is vital forhealth and wellbeing the six year study involving more tha

8、n 11 million Americans older than30 found that those who slept for 1ess than eight hours were far from doing themselves anylong term harm 。“ Individuals who now average 6 5 hours of sleep a night Can be reassured that this isa safeamount of sleepFrom a health standpoint。there is no reason to sleep l

9、onger,” said Daniel Kripke，a professor of psychiatry(精神病学 )at the University of California，San Diego Dr Kripke said “ We don?t know iflong sleep periods lead to deathAdditional studiesareneeded to determine if setting your alarm clock earlier will actually improve your health ” The scientistswho wer

10、e funded by the American Cancer Society，found 也 at the best survival rates were among the men and women who slept for seven hours a night Thosewhoslept for eight hours were 12 per cent more likely to die during t11e six year period of the study,when other factors such as diet and smoking were taken

11、into accountEven those who spent a mere five hours a night in bed lived longer than those who slepteight or more hoursHowever, an increasing death rate was found among those who sleptforless than five hoursDr Kripkesaid “ Previous sleepstudieshaveindicatedthatbothshort -and long-duration(持续时间 )sleep

12、 had higher mortality rates However, none of those studies were large enoughto distinguish the difference between seven and eight hours a night， until flow ”16 More than 1?1 million Americans participated in the six-year studyA RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 All the participants were from the state o

13、f CaliforniaA RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 The study shows that the longer you sleep each night， the longer you?11 liveARightBWrongCNot mentioned19 The findings indicate that it is all right to sleep for 6.5 hours a nightA RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Most of the participants slept for 7 hours a n

14、ight during the studyA RightB WrongC Not mentionedSleeping for lessthan 5 hours each night is better than sleeping for 5 hours? A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 The study was the first to tell the difference between 7 and 8 hours of sleep a night?A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(第 2330 题

15、，每题1 分，共 8 分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2 项测试任务： (1) 第 2326题要求从所给的6 个选项中为第 1 4 段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2) 第 27"30 题要求从所给的6 个选项中选择4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Ford1 Ford?s greatstrengthwasthemanufacturingprocess -notinvention.Longbeforehe starteda carcompany ， he was a worker ， knownfor pickingup piecesof metal a

16、ndwireandturningmen into machinesHe started putting cars together in 1891Although it was by no means thefirst popular automobile， the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market2 The company?s assembly line alone threw America?s Industrial Revolution into o

17、verdrive(高速运转 ) Instead of having workers put together the entire car ,Ford?s friends，who were greattoolmakers from Scotland，organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down aline By the time Ford?s Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响 )along in 1914. the world?s first automatic con

18、veyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes3 ThesameyearHenryFordshockedtheworldwiththe$5.a dayminimumwage scheme the greatest contribution he had ever madeThe average wage in the auto industry then was$2.34fora9-hourshift Fordnotonlydoubledthat ， healsotookan houroffthe workday Inthose years i

19、t was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing somethingthatdidn?t involvean awfullot of trainingoreducation TheWall StreetJournalcalledthe plan “ aneconomic crime”，and critics everywhere laughed at Ford4 But as the wage increased later to daily$10，it proved a Critical component of F

20、ord?sdreamtomaketheautomobileaccessible(可 及 的 )toa11.Thecriticsweretoostupidto understand thatbecause Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn?t matter-except for making itpossible for more people to buy Cars23 Paragraph 124 Paragraph 225 Paragraph 326 Paragraph4A Ford?s FollowersB

21、The Assesmbly Line C Ford?s Great DremD The Establishment of the CompanyE Ford?s Biggest Contribution F Ford?s Great T alent27 The assembly line made it possible to 28 Ford was the first to adopt29 Higher wages enabled many people to30 Ford?s higherwage and lowercost strategy was strongly A criticiz

22、ed by the mediaB the low wage in the auto industry C own a carD produce cars in large numbersE the-8-hour-shift practiceF combined technology and market第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 3145 题，每题3 分，共45 分)下面有3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题，每道题后面有4 个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4 个选项中选择1 个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇Florence NightingaleFlorence Nighting

23、ale was born in Florence，Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in EuropeAs a child ， she traveled to many places with her family and learned how tospeak several languagesWhenNightingalewas17 ， shetoldherfamilythatshewasgoingtohelpsick people?Herparents did not approve, but Nighting

24、ale was determinedShe traveledto hospitalsall overEurope She saw thatdoctorswereworkingtoohard?Shesaw that patients died because they did not get enough care Nightingale felt that women couldbe doing more to help doctors take care of sick people?Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more，t

25、hey needed special training in howtotake care of sick peopleNightingale went to a hospital in Germanyto study nursing?Then shereturnedto Londonand becametheheadof a groupofwomencalledGentlewomen DuringIllness These women cared for sick people in their homesIn 1 854 ，England was fighting a war with R

26、ussia，War reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded People demanded that somethingbe doneabout it A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into thewar hospitalsSo ， in November 1 854， Nightingale finally got to work in

27、a hospital? She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herselfAt first the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in theirhospitals They did not believe that women could help But in fact ， the nurses did make adifference They worked around the clock， tending the sickT

28、hanks to their hard work，manywounded soldiers survivedAfter the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroesFinally ，in 1860 ，she started the Nightingale School for Nurses In time ，thanks to Florence Nightingale ，nursing became an important part of medicine 31 Florence Nightingale was bo

29、rn into a rich A Italian family B Russian familyC English familyD German family32 Nightingale?s parents did not approve of her decision A to work as a doctorB to care for sick peopleC to fight in the War with RussiaD to travel to hospitals all over Europe33 It was not until the War with Russia that

30、Nightingale Agot to work in a hospitalBbegan to study nursingC started to care for sick people in their homesDbecame the head of Gentlewomen During Illness34 0n the battlefields Nightingale and her nurses proved to be Aas bad as the doctors had expectedB quite generous C less than useful D very help

31、ful 35 Nightingale played a great role in A the building of war hospitals B the education of womenC the development of nursingD the improvement of working conditions for women?第二篇Crystal Ear0ne day a friend asked my wife Jill if 1 wanted a hearing aid“ He certainly does ，” replied Jill After hearing

32、 about a remarkable new product，Jill finally got up the nerve to ask meif I'dever thought about getting a hearing aid “ No way， ” I said“ It would make me look 20 yearsolder ， No 。no ， ” she replied 'This is entirely different It?s Crystal Ear!”Jill was fightCrystal Ear is different-not me 0

33、1d styled body worn or over the。ear aid ， butAn advancedpersonalsoundsystemso smallthatit's like contacts(隐形眼镜 )foryourears?AndCrystal Ear is super sensitive and powerful， too 。You will hear sounds your ears have beenmissing for yearsCrystal Ear will make speech louder, and the sound is pure and

34、 natural?I could?tbelieve how tiny it is It is smaller than me tip of my little finger and it?s almost invisible when wornThere are no wires，no behind- le- ear device?Put it m your ear anditsready to wear mold( 形 状 )fits comfortably Since it's not too loud or too tight， you may evenforget that y

35、ou?re wearing it! Use it at work or at play And if your hearing problem is worse 111certain situations，use Crystal Ear only when you need itHearing loss，which occurs typically prior to teenage years，progresses throughout one?slifetime Although hearing loss is now the world?s number one health proble

36、m，nearly 90 percentofpeoplesufferinghearinglosschoosetoleavetheproblemuntreated?Formany millions ，treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits， expensivetestingandadjustmentstofit yourear,ThankstoCrystalEar ， the “ soundsolution” insow convenient?Almost90 percentof

37、peoplewith mild hearingloss ， and millionsmorewith justa little hearingdrop 0ff( 下降 )，can be dramatically helped with Crystal EarMoreover, its superior design1senergy efficient ，so batteries can last monthsCrystal Ear is now available to help these peopletreat their hearing loss with a small hearing

38、 amplifier(放大器 ) 36 Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid becauseA it would make him look oldB it would make him nervousC it was too expensiveD it was too expensive37 Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear? AIt is highly sensitiveB It is powerfulC It is invisible D It is

39、wireless 38 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that Ayou can control its volumeB you needn?t take it off every d毋C it is solar?powered。D it saves power39 According to the passagehearing loss is A only a minor health problemB the world?s most common health problemC merely a teenage diseaseD all in

40、curable disease40 Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because A it is not seriousB Crystal Ear is not yet availableC it is not easy to have it treatedD they don?t want to look old 第三篇Global Cancer Rates to Rise by 50by 2020The number of new cancer cases worldwide is expected to increas

41、e by 50%by the year2020 But a new report suggests that as many as a third of new cancers could be avoided byadopting healthier lifestyles and through public health actionTheWorldCancerReport ，releasedby theIntemationalAgencyfor ResearchonCancer,showsthatcancerhasnowemergedasamajorpublichealththreati

42、n developing countries aswell as rich onesOverall ， cancer was responsible for 12 of all deaths in 2000 But in many countries morethan a quarter of all deaths are caused by cancerThe report shows that 1 0 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000。 and thatnumber is expected to rise to 1 5

43、million by 2020 Researchers say most of that increase willmainly be due to steadily aging populations in both developed and developing countries andcurrent trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits“ Cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries for the firsttime ， ma

44、tching its effect in industrialized( 工 业 化 的 )countries ， ” said researcher Paul Kleihues 。MD ，director of IARC ，in a news release “ Once considered a,Western?disease the Report highlights that more than 50 percent of the world?s cancer burden ，in terms of both numbers ofcases and deaths ， already o

45、ccurs in developing countries ”D it was old?styled 37 Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear?A It is highly sensitive B It is powerful C It is invisible D It is wireless 38 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that A you Call control its volume B you needn?t take it off every dayC it is

46、solar-poweredD it saves power39 According to the passage，hearing loss is A only a minor health problemB the world?smost common health problemC merely a teenage diseaseD an incurable disease40 Many people leave their hearing problem untreated becauseA It is not seriousB Crystal Ear is not yet availab

47、leC it is not easy to have it treatedD they don?t want to look old第三篇Global Cancer Rates to Rise by 50by 2020The numberof newcancercasesworldwideis expectedto increaseby 50 but the year2020? But a new report suggests that as many as a third of new cancers could be avoided byadopting healthier lifest

48、yles and through public health actionTheWorldCancerReport ， releasedby the ，InternationalAgencyforResearchon Cancer,showsthatcancerhasnowemergedasamajorpublichealththreatin developing countries aswell as rich onesOverall cancer was responsible for 12 of all deaths in 2000. But in many countriesmoret

49、han a quarter Of all deaths are caused by cancerThe report shows that 10 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000andthatnumber is expected to rise to 1 5 million by 2020 Researchers say most of that increase willmainly be due to steadily aging populations in both developed and developing

50、countries andcurrent trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits“ Cancer has emerged as amajor public health problem in developing countries for thefirsttime ， matchingitseffectinindustrialized(工业化的)countries ， ” said researcherPaul Kleihues ，MD director of IARC。in a news release“ Once considered a

51、,Western?disease，the Report highlightsthatmorethan50percentoftheworld?s cancerburden intermsof bothnumbers ofcases and deaths already Occurs in developing countries ”The risk of being diagnosed with cancer in developed countries is double that inless-developed onesHowever, the risk of dying from can

52、cer is much higher in developing countries ， where 80%of cancer patients already have late-stage incurable tumors(肿瘤 )at thetime of diagnosisResearcherssay cancerrateshavetraditionally been higherin developedcountries due togreaterexposuretotobacco ， occupationalcarcinogens(致癌物 )， andanunhealthyWest

53、ern dietand lifestyle As less developed countries become industrialized and more prosperous，they tendto adopt the high?fat diet and low physical activity levels typically seenin the West ，which increase cancer rates41 The report says that steps could be taken to reduce about A50% of new cancersB 33

54、of new cancersC 12 of new cancersD 80 of new cancers42 Which of the following statements is NOT correct?A There were 1 0 million cancer patients worldwide in 2000B Generally ， cancer accounted for 12 of all deaths in 2000C Cancer is the cause of over 25 of all deaths in many countriesD It is expecte

55、d that global cancer rates will go up by 50 by 202043 According to Paul Kleihues， Cancer was once regarded as Aall incurable diseaseB a mysterious diseaseC a“ Western ” disease Da world disease44 The risk of dying from cancer in developed countries is A double that in developing countriesBmuch higher than that in developing countriesC the same as that in developing countriesDmuc