外研社版高中英语必修一知识点总结

1、 My First Day at Senior High第一部分 语法一 时态 1）一般现在时A构成（动词的变化）主语是第一，二或者复数的时候用动词的原形。i feel very happy. We feel very happy.主语为单数第三人称的时候，动词加s 或者es（原音结尾）。辅音+y时 把y变成I 再加es.She feels very happy. She goes to school every day.Carry- carries study-studiesB 用法 4种 1 表示经常性习惯性反复性发生的动作。我们每天吃三顿饭。 We have three meals ev

2、ery day.妈妈每天晚上8点睡觉。My mother goes to bed at 8 every night.一般现在时常与时间状语连用，如 usually, often, always, everyday, sometimes, once a month，on Mondays.2 表示客观事实或普遍真理。太阳从东方升起。 The sun rises in the East.知识就是力量。 Knowledge is power.3 表示现在时刻发生的动作或存在的状态。车来啦！ Here comes the bus.我感觉很累。 I feel very tired .4 按照时间表，计划，

3、规定将要发生的事。常与动词; go, come, arrive ,leave, start, begin 等连用。e.g.火车8点30发车，9点30到达。The train leaves at 8:30 and arrives at 9:30.考试易错题型：e.g.如果明天是晴天，我们将去野餐。If it will be fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic.错，在条件状语从句中和时间状语从句中，从句如表示将来的动作，用一般现在时代替。e.g.你下次来的时候，给我带几本杂志。When you come next time, bring me some ma

4、gazines.【经典例题】1 Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?(2008 上海)Terry? Never! She _ tents and fresh air.A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates2 As you can see, the number of cars on our roads_ rising these days.(2006 全国一)A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping3 The machine _.

5、 Its hasnt worked for years. (2006 浙江)A. didnt work B. wasnt working C. doesnt work D. isnt working4 Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 18:20.A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken5 The father as well as his three children_ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoo

6、n in winter.（2006辽宁）A. is going B. goC. goesD. are going6 Nowadays, a large number of women, especially 7 those from the countryside, _ in the clothing industry.（2005辽宁）A. is working      B. works

7、0;   C. work    D. worked 7 I _ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it.(2010,辽宁)A will do B do C am doing D had done2) 现在进行时a 构成 be+现在分词 am/is/are+doingb 用法 4种 1 说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。e.g.此刻外面正在下雪。 It is snowing outside now.现在进行时常和时间状语连用;now,

8、right now, at this moment, at present 等。2 表示现阶段某动作正在进行，但说话时未必正在进行。e.g.近来我在农场上帮父亲的忙。 I am helping my father on the farm these days.3 表示将要发生的动作，和动词go, come, leave, start, arrive等连用。 e.g.有多少同学来参加会议？How many students are coming to the meeting?4 表示某种感情色彩。与always, constantly, continually, forever, usually

9、 等副词连用。e.g. She is always making the same mistakes. 她老是犯同样的错误。 She is always helping others when they are in trouble.在别人有麻烦时她总是爱帮忙。（赞美）高考在线1 -Im not finished with my dinner yet.- But our friends _ for us.(2010,北京)A will wait B wait C have waited D are waiting2 it is reported that many a new house_ a

10、t present in the disaster area.A are being built B were being built C was being D is being built二 以ing 和ed 结尾的形容词Amaze amazing amazed e.g. We were （amazed） at the（ amazing ）speed.我们对这个令人吃惊的速度感到吃惊。以ing 结尾的形容词通常表示事物给人的感觉，为 令人。的。是主动的形式，通常修饰物以ed 结尾的形容词表示 人对事物的感觉，意为对，感到。的。是被动的形式，通常修饰人。类似形容词Embarrass emba

11、rrassing embarrassedExcite exciting excitedInterest interesting interestedSurprise surprising surprised但是有的动词只有现在分词形式的形容词，如missing有的动词只有过去分词形式的形容词married, seated, lost, broken,crowded.高考链接1 _ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were thefirst to reach the top of Mount Tai.(2009,浙江)A to be tired B Tire

12、d C Tiring D Being tired2 Though _ to see us, the professor gave us a warmwelcome.(2010,全国2)A suprising B was surprised C surprised D beingsurprisedThough引导的让步状语从句为省略句，同一个语，且谓语动词为be动词，可以把主语和be动省略。3 Every evening after dinner,if not_ from work, Iwill spend some time walking my dog. (2009, 湖南)A being

13、tired B tiring C tired D to be tired第二部分 重点句型1)否定前移I dont think I will be bored in Mrs Shens class!我认为上沈老师的课我是不会感到厌倦的！ 英语中有些动词，如think, believe, expect, suppose, feel, guess, imagine 等，当它们后面接一个具有否定意义的宾语从句时，通常要把主句的动词变为否定式，而宾语从句中的谓语动词用肯定形式。这种现象称为否定的转移.(条件： a. 主语是I 或we b.主句谓语动词为一般现在时) 但翻译的时候仍将宾语从句译成否定意义

14、，注：在反意疑问句中，若陈述部分是第一人称时，think等词用一般现在时时，则疑问部分需与从句中的主语和谓语保持一致，否则要与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。如：I don't think it's going to rain tomorrow, is it? 我认为明不会下雨，对吗？You don't think I have made mistakes, do you? 你并不认为我犯了什么错误，是吗？I dont suppose anyone will be willing to do it, _? A. do I ? B. dont I C. will they D.

15、 wont they Mrs. Black doesnt believe her son is able to design digital camera, _? A. is he B. isnt he C. doesnt she D. does she 3 I never thought that he was good at mathematics,_?(2010,上海部分重点中学模拟)A was he B wasnt he C did he D didnt he4 we dont suppose that he will come late,_?A do we B dont we C w

16、ill he D wont he2)倍数表达In other words，there are three times as many girls as boys.换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。 Asas 表示 和一样大 this room is as big as that one. As 之间为形容词或副词的原级，否定句中第一个as可以换成so.e.g. I have seldom seen my mother _ pleased with my progress as she is now.(2010, 课标全国1)A so B very C too D rather. asas表示倍数

17、句型1) A is as+ adj. +as B A和B一样 2) A is not as/so+ adj +as B A不如B3) A is half asas B A是B的的一半4) A is times asas B A是B的倍【经典例句】1) In other words, there are three times as manygirls as boys.换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。2) Jack is not so clever as his sister. 杰克不如他姐姐聪明。3) This pencil is half as long as that one. 这支铅笔是

18、那只铅笔长度的一半。Their room is four times as large as ours. 他们的房子是我们的4倍大注意倍数的英语表达：A + be+倍数 +as+ adj. +as+BAsia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。A+be+倍数+ 比较级+than+BAsia is three times larger than Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。A+be+倍数+the size/length/height/depth/width+ of+ BAsia is four times the size of Europ

19、e.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。【即学即练】At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _ Great Britain.A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 【高考试题链接】1.What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is

20、60;_  it is long. 2005湖北A half not as wide as B wide not as half as C not half as wide as D as wide as not half 2.Ten years ago the population of our village wa

21、s _ that of theirs. 2008陕西A. as twice large as        B. twice as large as C. twice as much as       D. as twice much as 

22、; B3John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. (2005 安徽)A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall

23、0;as D. as tall five foot eight as 4 Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost_ his.（2009，辽宁)A as much twice as B twice as much as C much as twice as D as twice much as3)区分同位语I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.A city 和 Shijiazhuang 是并列关系，

24、not far from Beijing 作a city 的后置定语。同位语是对先行词的补充。Barack Obama, the son of a black father and a whiteAmerican mother, was born in Honolulu.4）据说。They say that girls are usually more hard-workingthan boys.It is said that girls are usually more hard-workingthan boys.Girls are said to be usually more hard-

25、working thatboys.拓展It is reported that据报道It is hoped that 人们希望It is believed that 人们相信It is thought that. 人们认为.It is supposed that 据推测.It is well-known that 众所周知.高考链接1 it is often _ that human beings are naturallyequipped to speak.(2009,全国2)A said B to say C saying D being said第三部分 重点词组1 More than原句

26、：there are 65students in my classmore thanmy previous class in Junior High.More than 多达。，。以上More than+数词，超过。 there are more than 30students .More than+名词，不仅仅。China Daily is more thana newspaper. It can help us learn English.More than+句子，构成比较状语从句。I have morebooks than he(does).Morethan与其说。不如说。 dont b

27、e toohard on him. Hes more misled than stupid.不要对太苛刻，与其说他愚蠢，倒不如说他被误导了。Rather than 而不是。The parents should be blamedrather than the children.Other than 除了 he claims not to own anythingother than his home.他声称除了家一无所有。it took _ building supplies to construct theseenergy-saving houses. It took brains,too.

28、(2009,浙江)A other than B more thanC thanD less than2 Far from 远离，离。很远; 一点也不，远非，面常接形容词或者名词。 不加具体数字，加数时用far away from.距离.远The airport is far from my home.What he said is far from the truth.Far from helping the situation, youve just made itworse.你非但对情况没有什么帮助，反而弄得更糟糕。as far as 远到。The flood waters had com

29、e up asfar as the house .as far as I know,据我所知，as far as I know, thewhole thing should cost about 500 dollars.As far as sth is concerned, 就某事而言。 This had been a difficult period as far as the GermanEconomy is concerned.So far 到目前为止，常与现在完成时连用。e.g. So far we have done a lot to build a low-carboneconom

30、y, but it is _ ideal.(2010,江苏)A next to B far from C out of D due toTake part in区分join in / join/ attendTake part in 参加某项活动，并且在其中起作用We often take part in physical labour.Join in 参加小型活动，如游戏，唱歌，讨论等. Weshall be glad to join in the discussion.Join 加入 党派，社会团体。He joined the army twoyears ago.Attend 出席，参加会

31、议，婚礼，葬礼，上课等. Hehad decided to attend her wedding.e.g the boy_ the club and _ a lot of activities inhis spare time.A took part in; join B joined; took part in C joined;took part in D joined in; took part in第四部分 重点单词1 Appear 系动词Appear 作为实义动词是不及的，意为出现。As soon as she appears, we can get start.Appear 还可以作为系动词，意为 似乎，显得He appeared disappointed when I left.He didnt want to appear a fool.系动词 连接主语和表示主语身份，性质，状态动词，一般可跟名词，形容词等作表语。系动词有被动，不用于进行时。还有：be ,feel ,look, smell ,keep ,continue, remain.2Information不可数名词不可数名词没有数的变化，不能直接用数词或不冠词修饰。一般用s