高考英语考试大纲

1、201高考考试大纲考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1至附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。二、语言运用1听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：(1) 理解主旨要义；(2) 获取具体的、事实性信息；(3) 对所听内容做出推断；(4) 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。2阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：(1) 理解主旨要义；(2) 理解文中具体信息；(3) 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；(4) 做出判断和推理；(5) 理解文章的基本

2、结构；(6) 理解作者的意图、观点和态度。3写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：(1) 清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；(2) 有效运用所学语言知识。4口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。考生应能：(1) 询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；(2) 做到语音、语调自然；(3)做到语言运用得体；(4)使用有效的交际策略。附录1语音项目表1. 基本读音(1) 26个字母的读音(2) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3) 元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4) 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5) 常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6) 辅音字母组合的读音(7) 辅音连缀的读音(8) 成节音的读音

3、2. 重音(1) 单词重音(2) 句子重音3. 读音的变化(1) 连读(2) 失去爆破(3) 弱读(4) 同化4. 语调与节奏(1) 意群与停顿(2) 语调(3) 节奏5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录2语法项目表1. 名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3) 专有名词(4) 名词所有格2. 代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3) 反身代词(4) 指示代词(5) 不定代词(6) 疑问代词3. 数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4. 介词和介词短语5. 连词6. 形容词(比较级和最高级)7. 副词(比较级和最高级)

4、8. 冠词9. 动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3) 及物动词和不及物动词(4) 助动词(5) 情态动词10.时态23.强调(1)一般现在时24.虚拟语气(2)(3)一般过去时一般将来时附录3功能意念项目表(4)现在进行时1.社会交往(SocialCommunications)(5)过去进行时(1)问候(Greetings)(6)过去将来时(2)介绍(Introduction)(7)将来进行时(3)告别(Farewells)(8)现在完成时(4)感谢(Thanks)(9)过去完成时(5)道歉(Apologies)(10)现在完成进行时(6)邀请(Invitation)11.被动语态(7)

5、请求允许(Askingforpermission)12.非谓语动词(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressingwishesand(1)动词不定式congratulations)(2)动词的-ing形式(9)提供帮助(Offeringhelp)(3)动词的-ed形式(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptanceandrefusal)13.构词法(11)约会(Makingappointments)(1)合成法(12)打电话(Makingtelephonecalls)(2)派生法(13)就餐(Havingmeals)(3)转化法(14)就医(Seeingthedoctor)(4)缩写和简写(15)购物(Shop

6、ping)14.句子种类(16)问路(Askingtheway)(1)陈述句(17)谈论天气(Talkingaboutweather)(2)疑问句(18)语言交际困难(Languagedifficultiesin(3)祈使句communication)(4)感叹句(19)提醒注意(Reminding)15.句子成分(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)(1)主语(21)劝告(Advice)(2)谓语(22)建议(Suggestions)(3)表语2.态度(Attitudes)(4)宾语(23)同意和不同意(Agreementand(5)定语disagreement)(

7、6)状语(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likesanddislikes)(7)补语(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)16.简单句的基本句型(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityand17.主谓一致impossibility)18.并列复合句(27)能够和不能够(Abilityandinability)19.主从复合句(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)(1)宾语从句(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)(2)状语从句(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)(3)定语从句(31)表扬和鼓励(Praiseandencoura

8、gement)(4)主语从句(32)责备和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)(5)表语从句(33)冷淡(Indifference)20.间接引语(34)判断与评价(Judgementandevaluation)21.省略3.情感(Emotions)22.倒装(35)高兴(Happiness)(36) 惊奇(Surprise)(37) 忧虑(Worries)(38) 安慰(Reassurance)(39) 满意(Satisfaction)(40) 遗憾(Regret)(41) 同情(Sympathy)(42) 恐惧(Fear)(43) 愤怒(Anger)4. 时间(Time)(44) 时

9、刻(Pointoftime)(45) 时段(Duration)(46) 频度(Frequency)(47) 时序(Sequence)5. 空间(Space)(48) 位置(Position)(49) 方向(Direction)(50) 距离(Distance)6. 存在(Existence)(51) 存在与不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)7. 特征(Features)(52) 形状(Shape)(53) 颜色(Colour)(54) 材料(Material)(55) 价格(Price)(56) 规格(Size)(57) 年龄(Age)8. 计量(Measuremen

10、t)(58) 长度(Length)(59) 宽度(Width)(60) 高度(Height)(61) 数量(Number)9. 比较(Comparison)(62) 同级比较(Equalcomparison)(63) 差别比较(Comparativeandsuperlative)(64) 相似和差别(Similarityanddifference)10. 逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)(65)原因和结果(Causeandeffect)(66) 目的(Purpose)11. 职业(Occupations)(67) 工作(Jobs)(68) 单位(Employer)附录4话题项目表1

11、. 个人情况(Personalinformation)2. 家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)3. 周围的环境(Personalenvironments)4. 日常活动(Dailyroutines)5. 学校生活(Schoollife)6. 兴趣与爱好(Interestsandhobbies)7. 个人感情(Emotions)8. 人际关系(Interpersonalrelationships)9. 计划与愿望(Plansandintentions)10. 节假日活动(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)11. 购

12、物(Shopping)12. 饮食(Foodanddrink)13. 健康(Health)14. 天气(Weather)15. 文娱与体育(Entertainmentandsports)16. 旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)17. 语言学习(Languagelearning)18. 自然(Nature)19.世界与环境(Theworldandtheenvironment)20. 科普知识与现代技术(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)21. 热点话题(Topicalissues)22. 历史与地理(Historyandgeography)23

13、. 社会(Society)24.文学与艺术(Literatureandart)附录5词汇表Aa(an)artabandonvabilitynableaabnormalaaboardprepabolishvabortionnaboutad&prepaboveprep,a&adabroadadabruptaabsencenabsentaabsoluteaabsorbvadditionnaddressnadequateaadjustvadjustmentnadministrationnadmirableaadmirevadmissionnadmitvadolescencenadolescenta&n

14、adoptvadorevadultnadvancev&nadvantagenadventurenadvertisevadvertisementnadvicenadvisevadvocatevaffairnaffectvaffectionnaffordvafraidaAfricanAfricana&nafterad,prep&conjafternoonnafterward(s)adagainadagainstprepagenagencynagendanagentnaggressiveaagoadagreevagreementnagriculturalaagriculturenaheadadabs

15、tracta&nabsurdaabundantaabusevacademica&nacademynacceleratevaccentnacceptvaccessn&vaccessibleaaccidentnaccommodationnaccompanyvaccomplishvaccountnaccountantnaccumulatevaccuracynaccurateaaccusevaccustomedaachev&nachievevachievementnacidaacknowledgevacquaintancenacquirevacquisitionnacrenacrossprepactn

16、&vactionnactiveaactivitynactornactressnactualaacuteaADabbrad=advertisementnadaptvadaptationnaddvaddictedaamountn&vampleaamusevamusementnanalysevanalysisnancestornanchorv&nancientaandconjanecdotenangernanglenangryaanimalnanklenanniversarynannouncevannoyvannualaanothera&pronAntarcticaantiquenanxietyna

17、nxiousaanypron&aanybodypronanyhowadanyonepronanythingpronanywayadanywhereadapartad&aapartmentnapologizevapologynapparentaappealv&nappearvappearancenappendixnappetitenapplaudv&napplenapplicantnapplicationnaidn&vAIDSnaimn&vairnaircraftnairlinenairmailnalbumnalcoholnalcoholica&nalgebranalikeadaliveaall

18、ad,a&pronallergicaalleynallocatevallowvallowancenalmostadaloneaalongad&prepalongsideadaloudadalphabetnalreadyadalsoadalternativeaalthoughconjaltitudenaltogetheradaluminium(Amaluminum)nalwaysadamv(be)a.m./am,A.M./AMabbramateuraamazevamazingaambassadornambassadressnambiguousaambitionnambulancenAmerica

19、namongprepapplyvappointvappointmentnappreciatevappreciationnapproachn&vappropriateaapprovalnapprovevapproximatelyadapronnarbitraryaarchnarchitectnarchitecturenArcticaarev(be)areanarguevargumentnarise(arose,arisen)varithmeticnarmn&varmchairnarmynaroundad&preparrangevarrangementnarrestvarrivalnarrivev

20、arrownartnarticlenartificialaartistnasad,conj&prepashnashamedaAsianAsiana&nasideadaskvasleepaaspectnassessvassessmentnassistvassistancenassistantnassociatevassociationnassumevassumptionnastonishvastronautnastronomernastronomynatprepathletenathleticaAtlanticaatmospherenatomnattachvattackv&nattainvatt

21、emptv&nattendvattentionnattitudenattractvattractionnattractiveaaudiencenauntnauthenticaauthornauthoritynautomaticaautonomousaautumnnavailableaavenuenaveragea&navoidvawake(awoke,awoken)v&aawardnawareaawayadawesomeaawfulaawkwardaBbabynbachelornbackad,a&nbackgroundnbackward(s)adbaconnbacterium(plbacter

22、ia)nbad(worse,worst)abadmintonnbagnbaggagenbakerynbalancenbalconynballnballetnballoonnbamboonbann&vbanananbandnbandagenbanknbarnbarbecuenbarbernbarbershopnbareabargainn&vbarkv&nbarriernbasenbaseballnbasementnbasicabasinnbasisnbasketnbasketballnbatnbathnbathevbathroomnbathtubnbatterynbattlenbaynBCabb

23、rbe(am,is,are,was,were,being,been)vbeachnbeannbeancurdnbear1nbear2vbeardnbeastnbeat(beat,beaten)v&nbeautifulabeautynbecauseconjbecome(became,become)vbednbeddingsnbedroomnbeenbeefnbeernbeforeprep,ad&conjbegvbegin(began,begun)vbehalfnbehavevbehavior(Ambehavior)nbehindprep&adbeingnbeliefnbelievevbellnb

24、ellynbelongvbelowprepbeltnbenchnbend(bent,bent)vbeneathprepbeneficialabenefitn&vbenta&nbesideprepbesidesprep&adboothnbetrayvbordernbetweenprepboredabeyondprepboringabicyclenbornabidv&nborrowvbigabossnbike=bicyclenbotanicalabillnbotanynbingonbotha&pronbiochemistrynbothervbiographynbottlenbiologynbott

25、omnbirdnbouncevbirthnboundabirthdaynboundarynbirthplacenbowv&nbiscuitnbowlnbishopnbowlingnbitnboxnbite(bit,bitten)vboxingnbitteraboynblacka&nboycottvblackboardnbrainnblamen&vbraken&vblankn&abranchnblanketnbrandnbleedvbraveablessvbraverynblindabreadnblockn&vbreak(broke,broken)v&nbloodnbreakfastnblous

26、enbreakthroughnblow(blew,blown)vbreastnbluen&abreathnboardn&vbreathevboatnbreathlessabodynbrewerynboilvbricknbombn&vbridenbondn&vbridegroomnbonenbridgenbonusnbriefabookn&vbrightaboomn&vbrilliantabootnbring(brought,brought)vbroadabroadcast(broadcast,broadcast或-ed,-ed)vbrochurenbrokenabroomnbrothernbr

27、ownn&abrunchnbrushv&nBuddhismnbudgetnbuffetnbuild(built,built)vbuildingnbunchnbungalownburdennbureaucraticaburglarnburn(burnt,burnt或-ed,-ed)v&nburstvburyvbusnbushnbusinessnbusinessman/woman(plbusinessmen/women)nbusyabutconj&prepbutchern&vbutternbutterflynbuttonn&vbuy(bought,bought)vbyprepbyeintCcabn

28、cabbagencafencafeteriancagencakencalculatevcalln&vcalma&vcamelncamerancampn&vcampaignncan1(could);cant=cannotmodalvcan2ncanalncancelvcancerncandidatencandlencandyncanteenncapncapitalncapsulencaptainncaptionncarncarbonncardncaren&vcarefulacarelessacarpenterncarpetncarriagencarrierncarrotncarryvcartoo

29、nncarvevcasencashn&vcassettencast(cast,cast)vcastlencasualacatncataloguencatastrophencatch(caught,caught)vcategoryncatervCatholicacattlencausen&vcautionncautiousacavenCD=compactdisknceilingncelebratevcelebrationncellncentncentigradeacentimetre(Amcentimeter)ncentralacentre(Amcenter)ncenturynceremonyn

30、certainacertificatenchainnchairnchairman/woman(plchairmen/women)nchalknchallengenchallengingachampionnchancenchangen&vchangeableachannelnchantv&nchaosnchapterncharacterncharacteristica&nchargev&nchartnchatn&vcheapacheatn&vcheckn&vcheekncheern&vcheerfulacheersintcheesenchefnchemicala&nchemistnchemist

31、ryncheque(Amcheck)nchessnchestnchewvchickennchiefa&nchild(plchildren)nchildhoodnchocolatenchoicenchoirnchoken&vchoose(chose,chosen)vchopsticksnchorusnChristiannChristmasnchurchncigarncigarettencinemancirclen&vcircuitncirculatevcircumstancencircusncitizenncityncivilacivilianncivilizationnclapvclarify

32、vclassnclassicaclassifyvclassmatenclassroomncommercialacommitvcommitmentncommitteencommonacommunicatevcommunicationncommunismncommunistn&acompanionncompanyncomparevcompassncompensatevcompetevcompetencencompetitionncompletea&vcomplexa&ncomponentncompositionncomprehensionncompromisevcompulsoryacompute

33、rnconcentratevconceptnconcernv&nconcertnconcludevconclusionnconcreteacondemnvconditionnconductvconductornconferencenconfidentaconfidentialaconfirmvconflictnconfusevcongratulatevcongratulationnconnectvconnectionnclawnclayncleanv&acleanernclearaclerkncleveraclickvclimatenclimbvclinicnclocknclonevclose

34、a&adclothnclothesnclothingncloudncloudyaclubnclumsyacoachncoalncoastncoatncocoancoffeencoinncoincidencencokencolda&ncollarncolleaguencollectvcollectionncollegencollisionncolour(Amcolor)n&vcombn&vcombinevcome(came,come)vcomedyncomfortncomfortableacommandn&vcommentnconsciencencorrectionnconsensusncorr

35、espondvconsequencencorrupta&vconservationncostn&vconservativeacosy(Amcozy)aconsidervcottagenconsiderateacottonn&aconsiderationncoughn&vconsistvcouldmodalvconsistentacountvconstantacounternconstitutionncountrynconstructvcountrysidenconstructionncouplenconsultvcouragenconsultantncoursenconsumevcourtnc

36、ontainvcourtyardncontainerncousinncontemporaryacovern&vcontent1ncowncontent2acrashv&ncontinentncrayonncontinuevcrazyacontradictvcreamncontradictoryacreatevcontraryn&acreaturencontributevcreditncontributionncrewncontrolv&ncrimencontroversialacriminalnconveniencencriterion(plcriteria)nconvenientacropn

37、conventionalacrossn&vconversationncrossingnconveyvcrossroadsnconvincevcrowdn&vcookn&vcruelacookerncryn&vcookiencubencoolacubicacopyn&vcuisinencornnculturencornerncupncorporationncupboardncorrectv&acuren&vcuriousacurrencyncurriculumncurtainncushionncustomncustomerncustomsncut(cut,cut)v&ncyclevcyclist

38、ndad=daddyndailya,ad&ndamndamagen&vdampa&ndancen&vdangerndangerousadarev&modalvdarka&ndarknessndashv&ndatandatabasendaten&vdaughterndawnndayndeadadeadlinendeafadealndearadeathndebaten&vdebtndecadendecidevdecisionndeclarevdeclinevdecoratevdecorationndecreasevdeedndeepa&addeerndefeatvdefence(Amdefense

39、)ndefendvdegreendelayn&vdeletev&ndeliberatelyaddelicateadeliciousadelightndelightedadelivervdemandvdentistndepartment(Dept.)ndeparturendependvdepositv&ndepthndescribevdescriptionndesertv&ndeservevdesignv&ndesirev&ndeskndesperateadessertndestinationndestroyvdetectivendeterminevdevelopvdevelopmentndev

40、otevdevotionndiagramndialvdialogue(Amdialog)ndiamondndiaryndictationndictionaryndievdietndistinctionndiffervdistinguishvdifferencendistributevdifferentadistrictndifficultadisturbvdifficultyndisturbingadig(dug,dug)vdivevdigestvdiverseadigitaladividevdignityndivisionndilemmandivorcevdimensionndizzyadi

41、nnerndo(did,done)vdinosaurndoctorndioxidendocumentndipvdogndiplomandollndirecta&vdollarndirectionndonatevdirectorndoorndirectoryndormitory(dorm)ndirtyadotndisabilityndoublea&ndisabledadoubtn&vdisadvantagendownprep&addisagreevdownloadn&vdisagreementndownstairsaddisappearvdowntownad,n&adisappointvdoze

42、nndisappointedaDr=doctorndisasterndraftn&vdiscountndragvdiscouragevdraw(drew,drawn)vdiscovervdrawbackndiscoveryndrawerndiscriminationndream(dreamt,dreamtdiscussv或-ed,-ed)n&vdiscussionndressn&vdiseasendrilln&vdisgustingadrink(drank,drunk)vdishndrive(drove,driven)vdisk=discndriverndislikevdropn&vdismi

43、ssvdrugndistancendrumndistantadrunkadryv&aelegantaducknelephantndueaelseaddullae-mailn&vdumplingnembarrassvduringprepembassyndusknemergencyndustnemperorndustbinnemployvdustyaemptyadutynencouragevDVD=digitalversatiledisknencouragementndynamicaendn&vdynastynendingnEendlessaeacha&pronenemyneageraenerge

44、ticaeaglenenergynearnenginenearlya&adengineernearnvenjoyvearthnenjoyableaearthquakenenlargeveasta,ad&nenoughpron,a&adEasternenquiryneasternaenterveasyaenterpriseneat(ate,eaten)ventertainmentnecologynenthusiasticaedgenentireaeditionnentranceneditornentryneducatevenvelopeneducationnenvironmentneducato

45、rnenvyv&neffectnequala&veffortnequalityneggnequipveggplantnequipmentneithera,conj&aderaserneldernerrornelectveruptvelectricaescapen&velectricalaespeciallyadelectricitynessaynelectronicaEuropenEuropeana&nevaluatevevenadeveningneventneventuallyadeveradeveryaeverybodyproneverydayaeveryoneproneverything

46、proneverywhereadevidencenevidentaevolutionnexactaexam=examinationnexaminevexamplenexcellentaexceptprepexchangen&vexcitevexcusen&vexercisen&vexhibitionnexistvexistencenexitnexpandvexpectvexpectationnexpensenexpensiveaexperiencenexperimentnexpertnexplainvexplanationnexplicitaexplodevexplorevexportn&ve

47、xposevexpressv&na&adexpressionnextensionnextraaextraordinaryaextremeaeyeneyesightnFfacen&vfacialafactnfactorynfadevfailv&nfailurenfair1afair2nfaithnfall1(fell,fallen)vfall2(Am)=autumnnfalseafamiliarafamilynfamousafannfancyn,v&afantasticafantasynfar(farther,farthest或further,furthest)farenfarmnfarmern

48、fasta&adfastenvfatn&afathernfaultnfavour(Amfavor)nfavourite(Amfavorite)faxn&vfearnfeastnfeathernfederalafeenfeed(fed,fed)vfeel(felt,felt)vfeelingnfellownfemalea&nfencenferrynfestivaln&afetchvfevernfewpron&afibre(Amfiber)nfictionnfieldnfierceafight(fought,fought)n&vfiguren&vfilenfillvfilmn&vfinalafin

49、ancenfind(found,found)vfine1afine2vfingernfingernailnfinishv&nfiren&vfireworksnfirm1nfirm2afishn&vfishermannfistnfita&vfixvflagnflamenflashnflashlightnflat1aflat2nflee(fled,fled)vfleshnflexibleaflightnfloatvfloodn&vfloornflournflowvflowernflunfluencynfluentafly1(flew,flown)vfly2nfocusv&nfognfoggyafo

50、ldvfolkn&afollowvfondafoodnfooln&vfoolishafoot(plfeet)nfootballnforprep&conjforbid(forbade,forbidden)vforcevforecastn&vforeheadnforeignaforeignernforesee(foresaw,foreseen)vforestnforeveradforget(forgot,forgot/forgotten)vforgetfulaforgive(forgave,forgiven)vforknformn&vformatnformerafortnightnfortunat

51、eafortunenforwardadfostervfoundvgarlicnfountainngarmentnfoxngasnfragileagatenfragrantagathervframeworkngayafrancngenerala&nfreeagenerationnfreedomngenerousafreewayngentleafreeze(froze,frozen)vgentlemannfreezingageographynfrequentageometrynfreshagesturenfrictionnget(got,got)vfridge=refrigeratorngiftn

52、friendngiftedafriendlyagiraffenfriendshipngirlnfrightenvgive(gave,given)vfrogngladafromprepglancevfronta&nglarevfrontiernglassnfrostnglobenfruitnglorynfryvglovenfuelngluenfullago(went,gone)vfunn&agoalnfunctionn&vgoatnfundamentalagodnfuneralngoldn&afunnyagoldenafurngolfnfurnishedagood(better,best)afu

53、rniturengoodsnfuturengoose(plgeese)nGgovernvgainvgovernmentngalleryngradengallonngradualagamengraduatevgaragengraduationngarbagengrainngardenngramngrammarngrandagrandchildngranddaughterngrandma=grandmotherngrandpa=grandfatherngrandparentsngrandsonngrannyngrapengraphngraspvgrassngratefulagravityngreata&adgreedyagreena&ngreengrocerngreetvgreetingngrey(A