阅读理解5（主旨大意）

1、Welcome to our class!Strategies on getting main idea 望城一中刘银香1、细节理解题、细节理解题(questions of details)2、词义猜测题、词义猜测题(words in context)3、推理判断题、推理判断题(questions of inference)4、主旨大意题、主旨大意题(main idea)Question forms:常见的题干形式如下：大意类： The main idea of the passage is . What is the passage mainly about?How is the text

2、organized?Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?标题类：标题类：Whats the best title/headline for the passage?The best title for the passage might be .作者意图类：作者意图类：Whats the writers purpose in writing the passage？ The authors purpose . is to show .内部结构类内部结构类d e t a i l sParagraph ide

3、asPassage ideaHow to get How to get the paragraph idea?the paragraph idea?寻找主题句寻找主题句(topic sentence)一般每个段落都有一个句子表达这个段落的中心思想，这个句子叫做主题句(topic sentence) ，其他句子则围绕主题句进行说明或阐述，这些句子叫做支撑句（supporting sentence). 整篇文章就是 通过这些主题句表现出来的。Lets practice1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show t

4、hat cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get

5、 an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? （1.5分钟） A. Smoking can cause cancer. B. Smoking is a terrible killer C. Smoking is harmful to our health. D. An experiment on smoking. Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.Practice：2 Often no one looks more

6、guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi- -onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance. （1分钟）分钟）What is the main idea of the p

7、assage? A. A professional criminal looks more innocent than others. B. Dont judge others by appearance. So, it is foolish totry to judge a person only by his appearance 3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only 79

8、. Two days sale. Hu- -rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs 395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buy

9、ers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. (2.5分分钟钟) The paragraph could be entitled _. A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. TV On Sale This sales method is called “bait and switch”.诱售法诱售法主题句的特点：主题句的特点：1. 相对于其他句子，它表达的意思比较概括。2. 主题句一般结构简单。

10、3. 段落中其他句子必定是用来解释、支撑 或发展主题句所表达的思想的。4. 60%-90%的主题句出现在段落的第一句，有一小部分出现在句尾，但也有在段落中间出现的。Make full use of the topic sentence and Make full use of the topic sentence and reading will be easier and simpler.reading will be easier and simpler.利用主题句阅读，巧解阅读难题利用主题句阅读，巧解阅读难题第一类题型是：标题类第一类题型是：标题类Which of the followi

11、ng is the best title for the passage?Para1: This is the winners key to success._Para2: Winners are great at overcoming problems. Para3: This is what being a winner is all about_creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. 第二类题型是：作者意图类第二类题型是：作者意图类The aut

12、hor writes the passage to _.Para1: However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment._Para2: Some sports are resource-hungry. Para3: There are many environment-friendly sports. _Pa

13、ra4: Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. _第三类题型是：内部结构类第三类题型是：内部结构类Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? Para1: We are paying for products that harm us psychologically a

14、nd physically（身体上）（身体上）._Central pointPara2:Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, _Para3: On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. _Point 1Sub-point 1Sub-point 2Para4:The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they

15、 have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. _Para5:Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Point 2conclusion第四类题型是：大意类第四类题型是：大意类The passage is mainly about_.Para1:As a result, celebrities have realized their

16、 unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others products to developing their own. _Para2:As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life._Para3:However, for every suc

17、cess story, theres related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. _Para4:Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. _为什么短短几个主题句就可以解决阅读理解为什么短短几个主题句就可以解决阅读理解中难度最大的题型？中难度最大的题型？主题句就像佛珠中的那根线，把零散的内容串成一根主题句就像佛珠中的那根线，把零散的内容串成一根链，清晰明了。这样一来，文章的脉络，作者的写作链，清晰明了。这样一来，文章的脉络，作者

18、的写作思路一目了然，对整体把握文章非常有利。思路一目了然，对整体把握文章非常有利。相反，如果把文章读完再去做这种整体理解题，就相反，如果把文章读完再去做这种整体理解题，就会有弊端。因为你获取的支离破碎的信息片段越多，会有弊端。因为你获取的支离破碎的信息片段越多，你受到的干扰就越大。反而让你举棋不定。你受到的干扰就越大。反而让你举棋不定。原因其实很简单。我们只是原因其实很简单。我们只是充分利用了文章的写作特充分利用了文章的写作特征，把握了文章框架结构征，把握了文章框架结构。突破方法突破方法 英语文章的第一段永远很重要，很可能包英语文章的第一段永远很重要，很可能包含文章的主旨。含文章的主旨。 英语文章每段的第一句话或最后一句话也英语文章每段的第一句话或最后一句话也 很重要，很可能是段落的主题句。很重要，很可能是段落的主题句。 可以利用可以利用“三出现三出现”原则解题：文章的标原则解题：文章的标题题 或主旨很可能就是文章中出现的或主旨很可能就是文章中出现的关键词关键词、 不能出现细节词不能出现细节词和和不能出现新的关键词不能出现新的关键词。TIPSPut yourself in th