抗微生物药物概论

1、会计学1抗微生物药物概论抗微生物药物概论23即杀灭或者抑制微生物生长或繁殖的药物，包括抗菌药物、抗病毒药物、抗滴虫原虫药物、抗支原体衣原体立克次体药物等，但不包括抗寄生虫药物。青霉素类、头饱菌素类，氨基糖苷类，大环内酯类、四环素类、氯霉素类、林可霉素类等。4567抗菌药物病原菌抗菌作用耐药性抗病能力防治作用&不良反应体内过程机 体致 病8intrinsic versus acquiredImmune responseabsorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination910Drug classificationsBacteriostatic

2、:inhibit the growth and replication, but does not kill.Examples Sulfonamides Trimethoprim Chloramphenicol Tetracycline Erythromycin Clindamycin Examples -Lactams Quinolones Vancomycin Aminoglycosides (most)Bacteriocidal:kill susceptiblebacteria.111213141516Inhibition of cell wall synthesis17细胞膜细胞壁外膜

3、磷脂青霉素结合蛋白青霉素结合蛋白脂蛋白黏肽1819Inhibition of functions of cellular membrane抗真菌的多烯抗真菌的多烯类抗生素类抗生素细胞膜上固醇细胞膜上固醇类物质类物质细胞膜通透性细胞膜通透性增加增加细菌体内重要细菌体内重要成分外漏成分外漏细菌死亡细菌死亡抗抗G G- -菌多肽类菌多肽类抗生素抗生素细胞膜内磷脂细胞膜内磷脂吡咯类抗菌药吡咯类抗菌药抑制固醇类合抑制固醇类合成成2021222324第三节 抗（耐）药性(resistance)2526272829303132避免细菌耐药性的产生避免细菌耐药性的产生333435应用原则应用原则363738W

4、hat is a Bacteriostatic and Bacteriocidal?inhibit the growth and replication, but does not killkill susceptible bacteria39What is a mechanisms of antimicrobial agents?A. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis B. Inhibition of functions of cellular membrane C. Inhibition of protein synthesis D. Inhibition

5、 of nucleic acid synthesis E. Inhibition of folic acid synthesis404142Drug classificationsBacteriostatic:inhibit the growth and replication, but does not kill.Examples Sulfonamides Trimethoprim Chloramphenicol Tetracycline Erythromycin Clindamycin Examples -Lactams Quinolones Vancomycin Aminoglycosi

6、des (most)Bacteriocidal:kill susceptiblebacteria.43Inhibition of cell wall synthesis44Inhibition of functions of cellular membrane抗真菌的多烯抗真菌的多烯类抗生素类抗生素细胞膜上固醇细胞膜上固醇类物质类物质细胞膜通透性细胞膜通透性增加增加细菌体内重要细菌体内重要成分外漏成分外漏细菌死亡细菌死亡抗抗G G- -菌多肽类菌多肽类抗生素抗生素细胞膜内磷脂细胞膜内磷脂吡咯类抗菌药吡咯类抗菌药抑制固醇类合抑制固醇类合成成45第三节 抗（耐）药性(resistance)46What is a Bacteriostatic a