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1、国际期刊1. CanadianGeotechnicalJournalThisJournalPublishedsince1963,soithasalonghistoryofmorethan50years.Thismonthlyjournalfeaturesarticles,notes,anddiscussionsrelatedtonewdevelopmentsingeotechnicalandgeoenviorenmentalengineering,andappliedsciences.Thetopicsofpaperswrittenbyresearchers,theoreticians,and
2、engineers/scientistsactiveinindustryincludesoilandrockmechanics,materialpropertiesandfundamentalbehavior,sitecharacterization,foundations,excavations,tunnels,damsandembankments,slopes,landslides,geologicalandrockengineering,groundimprovement,hydrogeologyandcontaminanthydrogeology,geochemistry,wastem
3、anagement,geosynthetics,offshoreengineering,ice,frozengroundandnorthernengineering,riskandreliabilityapplications,andphysicalandnumericalmodeling.Papersonactualcaserecordsfrompracticeareencouragedandfrequentlyfeatured.Theimpectfactorofthisjournalismorethan0.5.2. GeotechnicalEngineering,Proceedingsof
4、ICEGeotechnicalEngineeringcoversallaspectsofgeotechnicalengineeringincludingtunnelling,foundations,retainingwalls,embankments,diaphragmwalls,piling,subsidence,soilmechanicsandgeoenvironmentalengineering.Presentedintheform.ofreports,designdiscussions,methodologiesandcaserecordsitformsaninvaluablerefe
5、rencework,highlightingprojectswhichareinterestingandinnovative.GeotechnicalEngineeringpublishesonlysixissuesperyear.Althoughit'simpactfactorisonly0.28,itisoneofthemostpopularjournalsinourfiled.3. G9technique,ProceedingsofICEEstablishedforalmost60years,GotechniqueisICE'sworld-leadinggeotechni
6、csjournal,publishingthecreamoftheinternationalcommunity'soutputonallaspectsofgeotechnicalengineering.Subjectcoverage:Gotechniqueprovidesaccesstorigorouslyrefereed,current,innovativeandauthoritativeresearchandpracticalpapers,acrossthefieldsofsoilandrockmechanics,engineeringgeologyandenvironmental
7、geotechnics.Gootechniqueispublishedtentimesperyear:FebruaryJune,August-December.IndexedbySCI,CurrentContents,Compendex,GeoAbstracts,ElsevierScienceDirect,Citeseerandothers.Eachonlypublishedafewarticles,andtheimpactfactorismorethan1.2,soIthinkthisJournalisthemostpopularoneinourfield.国内期刊岩石力学与工程学报Jour
8、nalofrockmechanicsandengineering«Journalofrockmechanicsandengineeringstandsforthehighestlevelinourfiledinchina,especiallyontheaspectofrockmaterials.Theimpectfactormorethan1.448aftertheyearof2008.IndexedbyEI.岩土力学Rockandsoilmechanics«RockandSoilmechanicaIndexedbyEI.includingsoilandrockmechan
9、ics,materialpropertiesandfundamentalbehavior,sitecharacterization,foundations,excavations,tunnels,damsandembankments,slopes,landslides,geologicalandrockengineering.itstandsforahighlevelinourfiledinchina.岩土工程学报Journalofgeotechnicalengineering«JournalofgeotechnicalengineeringIndexedbyEI.especiall
10、yontheaspectofsoilmaterials.Includingsoilmechanics,materialpropertiesandfundamentalbehavior,sitecharacterization,foundations,excavations,tunnels,damsandembankments,slopes.Theimpectfactormorethan1.04aftertheyearof2005.有限元强度折减法自提出以来得到了快速的发展,目前已广泛应用于边坡工程。实践证明该理论有着很强的实用性。近年来,郑颖人、胡文涛等人开始将该理论应用于隧道工程,并提出了隧
11、道安全系数的概念。利用安全系数对隧道的稳定性量化。传统的有限元算法无法算出隧道的安全系数和围岩破坏面,仅凭应力、位移、拉应力区和塑性区无法准确判断隧道的破坏面;经典极限分析法适用工程设计但适应性差。然而有限元强度折减法通过对岩土体强度参数的折减使岩土体处于极限状态,从而使其处于潜在的破坏面,既能求出安全系数又能广泛用于工程实践。本文根据有限元强度折减法原理,利用数值分析软件对隧道的破坏模式、浅埋隧道松散压力、偏压隧道破坏模式进行了简单探讨。探讨浅埋隧道破坏模式时,将数值分析和模型试验相结合,分析了四种不同工况下隧道的破坏模式,结果表明数值分析和模型试验所得结果比较接近,利用数值分析软件分析隧道
12、破坏模式和安全系数可行。本文提出了两种浅埋土体松散压力计算方法,一种是根据有限元极限分析理论,在隧道拱部临空面施加与重力反向的节点力,并通过调节力的大小使模型处于极限平衡状态。该方法有严格的力学依据,也不需假定破裂面,计算时要考虑外界不利条件影响,对土体强度参数进行折减,计算结果与实际情况更加接近,为求解浅埋土体隧道松散压力提供了一种新的方法。另一种是将岩柱理论进行修改,计算时同样考虑外界不利条件影响,将上覆土体强度参数降低,隧道顶部的松散压力由拱顶以上部分土体产生。本文利用数值极限分析法简单探讨了偏压隧道破坏模式,得出偏压隧道首先在埋深较浅侧的拱脚出现破裂面,破裂面向地表方向发展,在坡度较小
13、时出现局部破坏,隧道开挖对边坡的稳定性影响显著,在相同埋深下坡度越大安全系数越小,稳定性也越弱;关键词:浅埋隧道;破坏模式;强度折减;安全系数;松散压力;偏压隧道;数值分析软件;ABSTRACTFiniteelementstrengthreductionmethodhasgotrapiddevelopment,ithasbeenwidelyusedinslopeengineering.Thepracticeprovesthatthetheoryhasastrongapplicability.Inrecentyears,ZhengYingren,HuWenqingandothershavebeg
14、untointroducethetheorytoapplyintunnelengineering,andputforwardtheconceptionofsafetyfactoroftunnel,whichcanquantifythestabilityofthetunnel.Thetraditionalfiniteelementmethodcannotbeusedtocalculatethesafetyfactorandfailureofsurroundingrocksoftunnel,onlybythestress,displacement,stressandplasticzonesareu
15、nabletoaccuratelyjudgethetunnelfailuresurface;theclassicallimitanalysismethodcanbeappliedtoengineeringdesignbutpooradaptability.Howeverthestrengthreductionfiniteelementmethodbasedonthereductionofrockandsoilmassstrengthparameters,whichleadsrockandsoilmasstoalimitstate,sothatitcomesoutpotentialfailure
16、surface.Thismethodnotonlycancalculatethesafetyfactorbutalsowidelyusedinengineeringpractice.Basedonthestrengthreductionfiniteelementprinciple,andbynumericalanalysissoftware,thefailuremodeloftunnel,shallowburiedtunnellooseningpressure,andbiastunnelfailuremodeswerediscussedinthispaper.Thisatrticalcombi
17、nesnumericalanalysisandmodeltesttodiscussshallowburiedtunneldamagemodel,andanalysedfourkindsofdifferentconditions,theresultsshowthatnumericalanalysisandmodeltestresultsarequiteclose,usingnumericalanalysissoftwaretoanalyzethefailuremodelandsafetycoefficientoftunnelisfeasible.Thispaperpresentstwokinds
18、ofshallowsoillooseningpressurecalculationmethod,oneisbasedonFEMlimitanalysistheory,addingreversenodeforceonthetunnelarchbottom,andbyregulatingtheforcesothatthemodelisinthestateoflimitequilibrium.Themethodhasstrictmechanicalbasis,andwithoutassumingthefailuresurface.Consideringexternaladverseconditions,soilstrengthparametershouldbereduced,thecalculationresultsaremoreclosetotheactualsituation,itprovidesanewmethodtosolvetheproblemofshallowsoiltunnellooseningpressure.Anotheroneisthemodifiedrockcolumntheory,whichcon
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