黑布林名著Little Women 小妇人导读及知识点整理

1、Little Women（小妇人）（Louisa May Alcott路易莎·梅·阿尔克特 - 美国）【作者简介】小妇人 Alcott was born in Pennsylvania in 1832. The Alcotts did not have much money. She tried teaching, sewing and taking care of children. She did not like any of these jobs. At the age of 16, she wrote her first book, Flower Fables.

2、Her storied were exciting, but unreal. She sold them to newspapers and magazines for money. In 1868, an American publisher asked Louisa May Alcott to write a book for girls. At first, she was not sure if she wanted to do it. She said she didnt like girls. However, she decided to write the book final

3、ly. She told about her experiences growing up in the northeast of the united states. the book was quite interesting. little women became one of the most popular childrens books in American literature. It was published in more than 50 languages. She continued writing other popular books for young peo

4、ple. These books included An Old-fashioned Girl, Little Men and Eight Cousins.奥尔科特于1832年出生于宾夕法尼亚州。奥尔科特一家没有多少钱。她尝试过教忆、缝纫和照顾孩子。这些工作她都不喜欢。16岁时，她写了自己的第一本书花的寓言。她的故事令人兴奋，但并不真实。她把它们卖给报纸和杂志赠钱。 1868年，一位美国出版商请路莎·梅·奥尔特为女孩们写一本书。起初，她不确定自己是否想做这件事。她说不她不喜难女孩子。然而，她是终还是决定写这本书。她讲述了她在美国东北部长大的经历。这本书很有趣。不妇人成为美国

5、文学史上最受欢迎的儿童读物之一。这本书以50多种语言出版。她继续为年轻人写其他受欢迎的书。这些书包括旧式女孩小绅士和八字表亲。【故事情节简介】：小妇人是由美国女作家露易莎·梅·奥尔科特创作的长篇小说，首次出版于1868年。该作是一部以美国南北战争为背景，以19世纪美国新英格兰地区的一个普通家庭四个姐妹之间的生活琐事为蓝本的带有自传色彩的家庭伦理小说。小说受到当时的大思想家爱默生的影响，强调了个人尊严与自立自律的观念；内容平实却细腻，结构单纯而寓意深远，富有强烈的感染力。小妇人是一本以女性角色为主，强调女权意识的半自传体小说。文中注重表现女性意识，宣扬美好品质。美国内战期间，

6、马奇先生远赴战场做了随军牧师，四个女儿和母亲在家里过着清苦却坚强乐观的生活。她们虽贫穷却乐意帮助比她们更需要帮助的邻居赫梅尔一家。女人都有着虚荣心，她们希望得到漂亮的衣服，吃到可口的食物，过着如公主一样的生活。尽管充满幻想，但在现实生活中，她们一直在凭借自己的努力来解决生活中的种种艰难困苦。大女儿梅格生性爱美，对恋爱充满憧憬；二女儿乔独立自主，矢志成为作家；三女儿贝丝则是传统乖乖女，柔弱而惹人怜爱；小女儿艾米则钟爱绘画。故事追随这四位女性由女孩成长为小女人的岁月，讲述了她们不羁的爱情经历及她们各自追寻不同理想与归宿的过程。【电影版故事情节简介】南北战争时期，马萨诸塞州的康科德城。在一所旧房子中

7、，住着马奇一家。马奇先生随军照顾伤员去了，家中留下了他的太太和四个十几岁的女儿-梅格、乔、贝恩和艾米。梅格窈窕贤淑；乔泼辣直爽，梦想成为作家；贝恩温柔文静，爱好弹钢琴；艾米漂亮活泼，喜欢绘画。马奇太太善良纯朴，尽管家境并不富裕，还时常省吃俭用接济贫穷的人。在母亲的影响下，心地善良的四姐妹也时常帮助穷人。她们甚至将盼望已久的圣诞早餐送给了一家穷苦的德国人。她们的邻居劳伦斯老先生听说此事后，赞赏了小姑娘们，并准备了一桌丰盛的大餐作为送给她们的圣诞礼物。乔同老先生的孙子劳里情投意合，成了好朋友，梅格则对劳瑞的家庭教师约翰一见倾心。凡事爱拔尖的小艾米有时会和二姐乔发生摩擦闹别扭，但很快就重归于好。一封

8、电报带来了不幸的消息：马奇先生病重住院。马奇太太立刻赶往华盛顿。母亲刚走，贝恩在照顾穷人家病孩子时染上了猩红热。马奇家笼罩在一层阴霾之中。四姐妹互爱、互助、互励，以极大的勇气渡过了难关。不久，母亲和大病初愈的父亲回到家中，贝恩也开始康复。马奇一家又幸福地团聚在一起。物换星移，转眼四年过去。梅格和约翰两情相悦，结为夫妇。已大学毕业的劳里向乔倾诉了爱慕之情，但遭到了回绝。劳里忧愤地离家远赴欧洲，在法国尼斯，他偶遇被婶婆送到欧洲学习绘画的艾米，俩人谈得十分投机，彼此有了更深的了解。此时乔已在纽约做了家庭女教师，并结识了一位和蔼可亲的德国家庭教师巴尔先生。在接到妹妹贝恩病危的消息后，乔没来得及与巴尔辞

9、别就匆忙返爱。可爱的小贝恩死了。乔怀着巨大的悲痛，以她和姊妹们的真实生活为素材创作了一部小说。不久，梅格生下了一对双胞胎，劳里也带着他新婚的妻子艾米回到了康科德。马奇家又热闹了起来。婶婆死后将她的大房子留给了乔，乔采纳母亲的意见，将之改建成了一所学校。一天，巴尔再次出现在乔的面前，乔恳求巴尔留下来在她的学校里教书，他吻了她，同时接受了这一建议。【生词导读】：单词词性意思单词词性意思blondea亚麻色，金色grumpilyad生气地tomboyn假小子horrida可怕的vaina自负的虚弱的gallopvi骑马奔驰muffinn松饼trunkn旅行箱costumes and propsn服装

10、道具gaspvi倒抽气pearl pinn珍珠别针hymnn赞美诗carriagen马车obedienta服从的顺从的bandagen绷带motton座右铭shoveln铁锹vetn兽医blancmangen牛奶冻ChristopherColumbusn天呢cozya舒适的scarlet fevern猩红热sleighv乘雪橇measlesn麻疹conservatoryn温室mumpsn腮腺炎delectablea有魅力的chicken poxn水痘Germanmeaslesn风疹plumpuddingn李子布丁villainn恶棍流氓jellyn果冻hushvi安静下来bouquetn花束【

11、人名、地名简介】：人物中文翻译简介Meg梅格老大，16岁，爱美，嫁给爱情Jo乔老二，15岁，假小子，作家梦，教育者Beth贝思老三，13岁，体弱多病，热爱音乐，顾家Amy艾米老幺，有点自我，喜欢画画Mrs March马奇太太四姐妹的妈妈，有爱心，坚强Hannah-保姆Mrs Hummel-拮据的邻居Mr Laurence劳伦斯慈爱而富有的邻居，送大餐送钢琴Laurie劳里富二代，孤独忧郁Mr Brooke约翰劳里的家庭教师，梅格的老公Doctor Bangs医生Aunt March马奇姑妈富有而傲慢的亲戚Mr March马奇先生鼓励坚强的爸爸注：按顺序，记录人物，地点，核心事件，容易帮助记忆故

12、事情节！【总体概述】Published in 1886, the novel little women is a work of the American female writer Louisa May Alcott. it mainly focuses on the family life of the marches under the background of the American Civil War.The kind-hearted marches couple had four daughters named Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy. They all

13、developed different characteristics. Meg was beautiful and considerate, but she was also a little vain; Jo was independent and reliable, but sometimes she was shy and gentle. Beth was a talented pianist; and the youngest Amy was spoiled but had a gift for painting. With such different characteristic

14、s and though poor, the marches lived a happy life.As a minister(物师)，Mr. March was sent to the frontier(前线) during the civil war, leaving Mrs. march and the four "little women" with a poor life. The four sensible girls helped with the living and at the same time, they also gave hands to oth

15、er poor families under the guidance of their mother. and the girls developed a deep friendship with their neighbor Laurie who was born in a rich family but lonely.The turning point of the story was the injury of Mr. March. After this, Beth became a patient since her scarlatina (猩红热) affected by a po

16、or baby she helped. Jo broke up with Laurie after she refused his proposal and Laurie, frustrated, went to Europe. Meg married Lauries tutor and realized her dream to be a good housewife. Amy went to Europe for further study of painting and grew up to be an attractive and moral lady. There, she met

17、Laurie and married him. jo insisted in her dream to be a writer. Beths death is a strike to her and she sadly went to New York. She met her life partner there and with his encouragement, she published her first book and realized her dream.小说小妇人出版于1868年，是美国女作家路易莎·梅·奥尔科特的作品。主要讲述了美国内战背景下马奇一家的

18、家庭生活。善良的马奇夫妇有四个女儿，分别叫梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米。他们都发展出了不同的特点。梅格美丽体贴，但她有点自负。乔独立可靠但有时也会冲动、害羞和温柔。贝丝是一位有才华的钢琴家；是小的艾米被宠坏了，但有着绘画的天赋。马奇一家有着鲜明的性格特征，虽然贫穷，但是他们过着美好的快乐生活。作为一名牧师，马奇先生在内战期间被派往边境，使得马奇夫人和四个“小妇人”生活贫困。这四个懂事的女孩大母亲的指导下，改善了自己生活的同时，也帮助了其他贫困家庭。女孩们和她们的领居劳里一个出身于富裕家庭，但是非常孤独的男孩建立了深厚的友谊。故事的转折点是马奇先生的受伤。在这之后，贝丝因为帮助了一个可怜的婴儿，患上了猩

19、红斑病，卧床不起。乔拒绝了劳里的求婚后和他分手了，劳里沮丧地去了欧洲。梅格嫁给了劳里的家庭教师，实现了做一人贤惠的家庭主妇的梦想。艾米去欧洲进一步学习绘画，成长为一个有魅力且道德高尚的女士。在那里，她遇见了劳里，并嫁给了他。乔坚持她要当作家的梦想，贝丝的死对她是个打击，她悲伤地去了纽约。在那里乔遇到了自己的人生伴侣，并在他的鼓励下，出版了自己的第一本书，实现了自己的梦想。【人物介绍】1. Meg March who is the oldest daughter in marchs is a pretty and lovely girl, with large eyes, soft brown

20、hair, and white hands. she is quite gentle and soft to everybody-even some wealthy girls look down upon her and her families. Once, she was dreaming of falling in love with someone rich. However, with the growth of the age, she changes her view of the life and love, at last she followed her heart in

21、 spite of living poorly.梅格马奇是马奇家的大女儿，她是一个漂亮可爱的女孩，大大的眼睛，柔软的棕色头发，白晳的双手。她对每个人都很温柔，甚至是对那一些傲慢、看不起她和她的家人有钱女孩。曾经，她梦想着爱一上个有钱人。然而，随着年龄的增长，她改变了自己的人生观和爱情观，尽管生活贫乏，但最终还是跟随了自己的心。2. Jo March, the second daughter of Mrs. March. She is tall and then. Her long dark-red hair is usually pushed up out of the way, which

22、is cut for money, when they fall in troubles. she loves writing, dreaming of being a famous writer and making money to have her family live a better life. She is honest and sincere, but at the same time she is impetuous(冲动的）and easy to be angry. The only thing she never changed is her endless love t

23、o all of her families.乔·马奇，马奇太太的二女儿她又高又瘦。她深红色的长发通常被撩开，当她们遇到麻烦时，就会为了钱剪掉这长发。她热爱写作，梦想成为一个著名的作家，挣钱让她的家人过上更好的生活。她坦率真诚，但同时又浮躁易生气。唯一不变的是她对家人的爱。3. Beth March is a shy girl who seems to live in a happy world of her own. She is good at playing the piano, and she is a kind-hearted person, just like her mo

24、ther. She is gentle and always does anything without any complaint. By a cruel fate, little Beth is infected with the scarlet fever when she helps a poor family take care of their sick baby.贝丝·马奇是一个害羞的女孩，她似乎生活在自己的快乐世界里。她擅长弹钢琴，她是一个善良的人，就像她的母亲。她是个温柔的人，做任何事事都毫无怨言。命运的残酷讽刺使小贝丝在帮助一个贫穷的家庭照顾生病的孩子时感染了猩红

25、热。4. Amy March is their youngest sister, who thought herself to be the most important in the family. When she was a little girl, she was changeable, and she always ignored her sisters instruction. With time going, she realized her responsibility for her families and herself. Finally, she became a gr

26、ace woman with blue eyes, and yellow hair which curled onto he shoulders.艾米马奇是她们是小的妹妹，她认为自己是家里最重要的人。当她不是小女孩的时候，她反复无常，总是无视姐姐们的教导。随着时间的推移，她意识到自己对家庭和自己的责任。最后，她变成了一个优雅的女人，蓝眼晴，黄头发卷曲在肩膀上。5. Mrs. March is pretty a great mother. even though they live a poor life, she still chooses to give up a nice Christma

27、s dinner and gives the food to the poorer family which needs help. Because of her selfless love and strong faith, her daughter can face up to the hard life hopefully and confidently. Her attitudes toward the lives teach her daughters that there must be something more important and necessary than for

28、tune and status, which will accompany them till the end of life.马奇太太是个很好的母亲。尽管他们过着贫穷的生活，她还是选择放弃一顿丰盛 的圣诞晚餐，把食物送给需要帮助贫困家庭。因为她无私的爱和坚定的信念，她的女儿们可以满怀希望和自信地面对艰难的生活。她对生活的态度告诉她的女儿们，一定有比财富和地位更重要、更必要的东西陪伴着她们直到生命的尽头。【主题思想】In Little Women, you will meet the march sisters, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy who live with thei

29、r mother and their maid Hannah, during the Civil War. The first half of the novel takes place while their father is away, serving in the war. Each sister has a distinct personality: a reader, an artist, a musician, and the quiet one. You will get to know the family by reading stories of their daily

30、life. Each chapter seems to set up a moral(道德)lesson for the reader to learn. We also meet a wonderful set of neighbors, Mr. Laurence and his nephew Laurie who quickly finds a place as part of the March family.The second half of the novel, focuses on the girls as they leave their childhood and begin

31、 their journey into adult life. Lessons of friendship, family, and love are covered as we join the characters through the ups and downs of fife, good times and bad ones. It seems that Louisa May Alcott uses her own family as the basis for the stories in little women, basing the character jo on herself. It is amazing that though the book was written