上海市崇明区2019届高三英语一模

1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流上海市崇明区2019届高三英语一模.精品文档.崇明区2019届第一次期末质量检测试卷英语I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and VocabularySection AElectric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn a living. Man

2、y of the workers are immigrants.Electric bicycles, or “e-bikes,” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric-powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e-bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but some can go much (21)_ (fast).(22)_ it is legal to own e-bikes

3、 in New York City, it is not legal to operate them. Officials there consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as reason (23)_ the ban. Last year, the city announced severe measures (24)_ (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants that employ the riders responsible.E-bike opera

4、tors can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban. The police (25)_ also seize the bikes.Many of New Yorks delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours (26)_ (earn) enough money to live on.Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it i

5、s important to perform quality work (27)_ their job also depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people refuse to pay for the food. This makes the workers supervisors angry.Liqiang Liu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Uni

6、on. He says (28)_ (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers.Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project, (29)_ provides assistance to bicycle-related workers in New York City. He says the citys ban on e-bikes is unfairly targeting low-paid workers who lar

7、gely come from the citys Latino and Asian communities. He does not accept the argument (30)_ e-bikes present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e-bike riders for not being safe.Section BA. overate B. precious C. rate D. researchers E. impression F. previousG. presente

8、d H. interpret I. goers J. revealed K. consumerPeople Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that theres no such thing as a free lunch, but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal, it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal, according to scientists.A new study has found th

9、at restaurant _31_ who pay more for their meals think the food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price. The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their _32_ of how food tastes.Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits

10、 of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffet(自助餐) in a restaurant. The price of the food was set by the _33_ at either $4 or $8 for the all-you-can-eat meal. Customers were asked to _34_ how good the food tasted, the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names.The experiment _35_ that the people

11、 who paid $8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the “cheaper” buffet. Interestingly those that paid for the $4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they _36_. However, the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quant

12、ity of food in total, according to the study _37_ at the Experimental Biology meeting this week.Brian Wansink, a professor of _38_ behavior at the university, said: “We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you _39_ the experience.” He

13、thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.In a(n) _40_ study, scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories(卡路里) than people

14、 who eat in brightly lit areas.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AHow Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer. This flight-disturbing _41_ is a warning sign. Climate change is projected to have

15、far-reaching _42_ -including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long-term declines in agricultural production. And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft, with potential effects on airline _43_.National and gl

16、obal transportation systems and the economic activity they support have been designed for the climate in which it all developed. In the aviation(航空) industry, airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced _44_. Because the climate is changing, even fundamental elements li

17、ke airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be _45_.As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world, our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may aff

18、ect _46_ around the world. Weve found that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more frequent takeoff weight _47_ in the coming decades due to increasingly common hot temperatures, which can help reduce the aircrafts weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed.There is obvi

19、ous evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago. And if we _48_ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades, the frequency and intensity of these extremes is projected

20、 to increase dramatically.The _49_ on aviation may be widespread. Many airports are built near sea level, putting them at risk of more frequent _50_ as oceans rise. The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high-altitude(高海拔的) wind. Stronge

21、r winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routines, potentially increasing fuel _51_.Many departments of the economy, including the aviation industry, have yet to seriously _52_ the effects of climate change. The sooner, the better: Both airport construction and aircraft d

22、esign take decades, and have _53_ effects. Todays newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years, and their _54_ are being designed now. The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated, the more effective and less costly adaptation can be. Those adaptations may even include innovative

23、 ways to dramatically reduce climate-altering emissions across the aviation industry, which would help reduce the problem while also _55_ it.41.A. schemeB. heatC. shiftD. mess42.A. contributionsB. confusionsC. feedbacksD. consequences43.A. pilotsB. reservationsC. costsD. accidents44.A. historicallyB

24、. enormouslyC. fundamentallyD. domestically45.A. retestedB. implementedC. prospectedD. reengineered46.A. travelsB. developmentsC. flightsD. communications47.A. disordersB. gainsC. bansD. restrictions48.A. happenB. failC. aimD. promise49.A. taxesB. effectsC. viewpointsD. comments50.A. floodingB. rott

25、ingC. repairingD. transferring51.A. standardB. efficiencyC. distributionD. consumption52.A. considerB. avoidC. maximizeD. demonstrate53.A. greaterB. differentC. lastingD. direct54.A. airportsB. productsC. contractsD. replacements55.A. sneezing atB. responding toC. resulting inD. recovering fromSecti

26、on BDirections : Read the following three passage . Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A ) Flu is ki

27、lling us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future. Yes, we have an annual vaccine(疫苗), and everyone qualified should get it without questi

28、on. The reality , however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines. And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years. We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine. In the U.S alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36 million

29、infections, three-quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56,000 deaths. We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves, our loved ones and our communities. Why not? We havent been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time. So as individuals, we let down our gua

30、rd as our leaders quietly defund and distaff the services we need to protect us. The risk of continued foot dragging is huge. In a severe widespread disease, the U.S health care system could be defeated in just weeks. Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the weeks and

31、months following the initial outbreak. The cost of preventing epidemics(流行病) is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with them when they hit. In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion-dollar U.S. commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine. Six years later, the search for a u

32、niversal vaccine remained seriously underfunded. The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction. As soon as headlines about the flu are going hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates declines, we go back to business as usual. Leading scientists and public

33、health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu. They need your quick and decisive support to succeed. Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones.56. The problem of the current flu vaccines is that _.A. they are not available every year B. mos

34、t Americans are not allowed to get themC. not everyone is qualified for them D. many people still catch flu after getting them57. What does the author mean by “continued foot dragging” in Paragraph 4?A. Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks.B. The leaders continue to drag

35、the feet of the patients infected with fluC. Individuals arent alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention.D. Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in near future.58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu

36、.B. The death from flu is much higher than that from other diseases.C. The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention.D. Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu.59. The author wrote the passage mainly to _-.A. teach people more effective wa

37、ys to fight against fluB. call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriously C. encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccinesD. urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu.( B )How to get your tax refund At the store Get a Global Blue Tax Free Form. If you do not ha

38、ve a SHOP TAX FREE Card, see” How to fill in your Tax Free Forms.” Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure.Remember no refund without:Completed Receipts CustomsForm attached validation(验证) At the point of departure For non-EU residents only Goods carried i

39、n checked-in luggage. 1. Check your luggage in at the check-in counter; tell the check-in clerk you need it back for Customs purposes.2. Take the labelled luggage to Customs, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.3. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service provider.

40、_ Goods carried in hand luggage:1. Go to Customs after passport control, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped. Please note: Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airport before you finally leave the EU.2. Cash in your stamped Form at the approp

41、riate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund service provider._ Allow time for the refund process. Go to Customs before or after check-in, see Refund Office list. Present your completed Tax Free Forms, receipts , passport , and purchased items to get a stamp. Go to a Refund Office display

42、ing the Global Blue logo(标识). Receive your refund paid to your credit card within five days or in cash. In a rush? Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelope provided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks. EU: European Union.60. W

43、hom is the above information intended for?A. EU residents who want to get their tax refunded.B. Non-EU residents who are going to travel in EU.C. EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free FormsD. Non-EU residents who are leaving EU after purchase.61. To get your tax refund , you need to _ after hav

44、ing your luggage checked in if youveput your purchased goods in your check-in luggage.A. show your purchased goods to the check-in clerkB. cash in your stamped Form at the check-in counterC. take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD. go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggag

45、e.62. What can be learned from the passage?A. Its a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refundB. Its unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stampC. You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurryD. You can get your refund by credit card at on

46、ce at the appropriate counter.( C ) A portrait created by artificial intelligence, or AI, made a historic appearance on the auction(拍卖) block at Christies in New York City. It is the first artwork created by an algorithm(算法) to be offered for auction in the world of fine art.The odd-looking painting

47、 of a fictitious man in a dark frockcoat left the auction block at Christies for a whopping US$432,500 on Oct. 25 in New York City.The portrait designed in the “Old Master” style reminiscent of European fine artists from centuries ago only partially fills the canvas, leaving empty space around the c

48、entral figure. It appears to represent a man with a blurred face, dressed in clothing similar to that worn by subjects painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century. Of course, a computer didnt automatically pick up a brush and become an artist. The AI that created the image had

49、 human programmers-a Parisian art collective called Obvious, Christies reported. Their cooperation, titled “Portrait of Edmond De Belamy, ” is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch $7,000 to $10,000, according to Christies. To create the portrait, the

50、 Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15,000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries, to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art, Obvious artists Hugo Caselles-Dupre told Christies. The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against

51、 each other, called the Generator (that makes the art) and a Discriminator(that tries to spot the difference between human-created and AI-created images), Caselles-Dupre explained: they called this AI “generate adversarial network”(GAN), Casells-Dupre explained. GANs final image was then printed and

52、 framed, according to Obvious. At the bottome of the portrait is a mathematical formula(公式) representing the algorithm that created it, a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator, Obvious artists wrote on the collectives website. The goal of the painting and of Obvious, al

53、so co-founded by Hugo Caselles-Dupre and Gauthier Vernier, was to prove “artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing-it can be creative,” Consumer News and Business Channel reported.Portraiture is a tough task for AI to take on, according to Christies,

54、 “since humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be.” This difficulty was part of Obvious thinking when they created the portrait. “Edmond de Belamy” is one of eleven AI paintings made by Obvious.63. It can be learned from the passage that

55、the portrait “Edmond de Belamy”_.A. was sold at an unexpected high price B. was the first artwork sold at an auctionC. is a painting created by means of brush D. is a man who once appeared at the auction64. To create a portrait, AI needs to _.A. learn from plenty of images B. use an algorithm with m

56、any partsC. work against human painters D. recognize its human programmers65. What can be conclude from the passage?A. The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless.B. The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativityC. It is more difficult for AI to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait.D. AI is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human66. The passage mainly tells us that _.A. AI will soon replace man in some fieldsB. an AI-created portrait sells high at an auctionC. a pr