高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit13,14

1、高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit13-14重点句型1. Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life.2. Only in this way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life.3. Each time we celebrate a festival it change a little.4. It is not a sad day, but rather a time to celebrate the cycle of life.

2、5. Not all of them are bad for us.6. Some food does have nutrients.7. There seems to be no other choice.重点词汇1.examine vt. 检查2. energy n. 精力,能量3. fuel n. 燃料,营养物4. diet n. 日常饮食5. product n. 产品6. mineral n. 矿物7. function n. & vi. 功能,作用,起作用8. chemical n. & adj. 化学制品,化学的12. digest vt. 消化,领会13. ga

3、in vt. 增加,获得14. sleepy adj. 困乏的15. tasty adj. 可口的16. symbol n. 象征17. conflict n. 冲突18.argument 7j.争论19. honour n. & vt. 荣誉,给以荣誉20. ancestor n. 祖先,祖宗21. respect vt. 尊敬22. celebration n. 庆祝23. light vt. 点燃,照亮24. faith n. 信任,忠实25. creativity n. 创造力26. purpose n. 目的,意图27. principle n. 法则,原则28. comme

4、rcial adj. 商业的,贸易的29. similar adj. 相似的30. advise vt. 建议,劝告重点短语1. make a choice 做出选择2. now and then 有时,偶尔3. dross up 盛装,打扮4. in one's opinion 按照的看法6. take in 欺骗,摄取7. in the future 未来8. lose weight 减肥9. keep up with 与保持一致10. be good for 对有好处11. be based on 以为基础12. be careful with 小心,警惕13. look int

5、o the eyes 坦然地正视某人14. care about 关心15. lead / live an unhealthy life 过着不健康的生活16. be rich in 丰富17. combine.with. 结合18. a new cycle of life 轮回转世19. in other words 换句话说20. be short of 短缺短语闯关下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语,请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词,每个词4分,80分才能过关,你一定能过炎,做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?1. _ food 垃圾食品2. _ to 应当,应该3. plent

6、y _许多,大量的4. keep _with 跟上;赶上5. _ a choice 作出选择6. now _then 时而,不时;偶尔7. roll _使成卷(或筒、球形8. dress _盛装;(乔装打扮;装饰9. _ one's opinion按照的看法10. _ a trick on sb. 开某人玩笑;欺骗某人;捉弄某人11. take _ 欺骗;摄取12. (be short _ 缺乏13. _ fit 保持健康14. lose (some _减肥15. be harmful _对有害16. be careful _小心,警惕,当心17. in _words换句话说18. m

7、ake _with与交朋友19. care _ 关心2O. get _下车21. go _适用于;应用于22. _purpose故意地23. as _ as和一一样好;也24. ask (._ (向某人要求得到某物25. be prepared _ 为做准备交际用语1. I've got a pain here. This place hurts.2. There is something wrong with .3. I don't feel well.4. Lie down and let me examine you.5. Drink plenty of water an

8、d get some rest.6. In my opinion, we should .7. I hope we can make a decision.8. I don' t think it is necessary to .词汇短语1. balance vt. / vi. / n. 平衡;使平稳balanced adj. 平衡的;均衡的I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path. 我发现在结冰的路上行走很难保持平衡。When you learn to ride a bike you must learn to balan

9、ce.你学骑自行车时必须学会保持平衡。词组lose / keep one's balance 失去/保持平衡be in the balance 悬而未决;犹豫on balance 考虑周全strike a balance 力求公平balanced diet 均衡的饮食2. fit v. 适合adj. 健康的,适合的This dress doesn't fit me. 这衣服不适合我。Your theory fits all the facts. 你的理论与全部事实相符合。It would be months before he was fit for the job. 他要几个

10、月才能适应这项工作。You look very fit, Mike.迈克,你看上去很健康。词组 keep fit 保持健康Martha goes to keep fit classes and does exercises every morning.玛莎每天早上去健身班上课做体操。3. light vt. / vi. 点燃;照亮;发出喜悦的亮光light adj. 轻的light n. 光线;灯lighted adj. 点燃了的He lighted his cigarette,said good night and went out.他点燃烟,说声晚安就出去了。One large lamp

11、lit the room.一只大电灯照亮了整个房子。词组 light up 点燃;照亮;变得高兴起来bring / come to light 为人所知shed / throw light on 使明白,解释(to make clear;explain4. advise vt. 劝告;建议;忠告advice U 劝告;adviser n. 顾问;劝告者advise sth. 建议某事/ sb. (not to do sth. (劝告某人 / doing sth. 建议做某事/ sb. + 疑问词+ 不定式建议某人怎么样/ (sb.that + 主语+ (should do sth. 建议某人应

12、做某事He advised an early start./ me to start early./ starting early./ (me that I (should start early.Could you advise me what to do next?5. dress vt./ vi. / n.(1 vt. A. 给穿衣服。表穿的动作,用于dress sb. / oneself 结构She hurriedly dressed her son and took him to the kindergarten.她匆匆忙忙地给她儿子穿好衣服,然后带他到幼儿园。B. 用过去分词作表语

13、,表示穿着的状况。The man is poorly dressed.那人衣衫褴褛。C. be / get dressed in 表示穿着的衣服,后面接表示衣服或者颜色的词。The two foreign students were both dressed in Chinese style clothes.那两个外国学生都穿着中式衣服。(2 vi. A. 穿衣;穿(夜礼服,后面常接副词或表示目的、场合的介词短语。I'll be ready in a moment; I'm dressing.我一会儿就准备好;我正在穿衣服。Few people dress for dinner

14、 now.现在很少有人穿礼服赴宴了。They all dressed well (badly.他们都穿得不错(不好。B. dress up 穿上盛装,乔装打扮(指欧美人在化装舞会或演戏时穿的特殊服装。Don't bother to dress up. Come as you are.用不着讲究穿衣服,就穿平常的衣服来吧。(3 n. 女服;礼服;服装dress 作“女服”、“礼服”解时是可数名词,作“服装”讲时,是不可数名词。At the palace ball, all the women wore their smartest dresses.词语比较1. pain, ache, h

15、urt三词都可表示“疼痛”,但pain常作名词,有时也作动词,可指一般的疼痛。ache常作动词,指局部较持久的疼痛,是隐痛,作名词常出现在复合词中。hurt只作动词,常指精神、感情伤害,也指肉体上疼痛。I have pains (a pain / pain in the arm.我手臂痛。His head aches when the weather is hot.天气一热,他就头痛。I was hurt at his words.我对他的话感到不快。Does your leg still hurt?你的腿还疼吗?2. a bit, a little(1 a bit 和 a little 在肯

16、定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词及其比较级,可以换用,表示“一点儿”。如:The speaker spoke up a bit / a little so as to make himself heard more clearly.演讲者把嗓音提高一点,以便使别人听得清楚。(2 a bit 和 a little 在否定句中,意思正好相反。not a bit = not at allnot a little = very much / extremelyI'm not a bit tired. = I'm not tired at all.我一点也不累。I'm not a l

17、ittle tired. = I'm very tired.我非常累。(3 a little 可直接作名词的定语,而a bit 则要在后面加of 构成短语才能作定语,二者都只能修饰不可数名词。There's only a little / a bit of food left for lunch.午餐只剩一点儿食品了。注意 a bit of 的复数是bits of,而a little不能变复数。3. in a / one word, in other words, in words(1 in a / one word意思是“简言之,总之”。一般作插入语,通常位于句首,用逗号与句

18、子隔开。In a word, we must learn English well.总之,我们必须学好英语。(2 in other words 意思是“换句话说”“换言之”,常位于句首,对前面所说的话进行解释。You failed the exam this time.In other words, you didn't pass the exam this time.你这次没有通过考试。换句话说,你这次考试没及格。(3 in words 意思是“用语言,口头上”,也可以写为with words,通常位于句末。I do not want you simply to promise me

19、 with / in words that you will be good.我并不要求你们只在口头上答应我你们要做好学生。I can't describe it in / with words.我无法用语言来描述。4. allow, permit, let, promise(1 allow 和permit 都表示“允许某人做某事”,后面跟名词、动名词作宾语,跟不定式作宾补。但allow多表示“听任,不阻止或默许”,即主语对别人所做的事情置之不管,表示一种“消极”的概念。而permit多表示一种“积极”的概念,含有“给予某人某种权利”的意思,多用于正式场合。We don't a

20、llow smoking here.我们这里不允许吸烟。Who allowed you to do that?谁允许你做这件事?Permit me to say a few words.请允许我说几句话。Smoking is not permitted here.此地不准吸烟。(2 let 表示“让”,多用于口语,“允许”的意味较淡,后跟不定式作宾补时省略to。Who let the man enter the room? 谁让那人进来的?(3 promise “答应某人做某事”I promise you to leave.我答应你(我走。比较 I allow you to leave. 我允

21、许你走。句型诠释1. Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life.我们的饮食习惯已经发生了变化,生活方式也是一样。在此句型中as 相当于so,表示前一种情况也同样适合于后一种。从结构上讲so不是代用词,而是在意义上相当于too 和also 的副词,但常常出现在肯定句中。He is a student, so is she."I have made up my mind." "So have I."如果是否定的形式,常用nor 和neither."I don't like

22、opera." "Neither / Nor do I."在这两种结构中,前后时态保持一致。比较 so l do 和so do I (用于对上文进一步肯定或确认。意为indeed, certainlyYou asked me to leave, and so I did.你要求我离开,我这样做了。You asked him to leave, and so did I.你要他离开,我也要他离开。- You have spilled coffee on your dress.你把咖啡洒在你的衣服上了。- Oh dear, so I have.啊呀,我把咖啡洒在我衣服

23、上了。You have spilled coffee on the table, and so have I.你把咖啡洒在桌子上了,我也把咖啡洒在桌子上了。注意 so it is/ was with.句型的用法。如果一句话中既有肯定的意思又有否定的意思,且时态混杂时,我们常用so it is / was with sb.Mr. Smith came to China five years ago and he is used to living in China now. So it is with his wife.史密斯先生五年前来到中国,他现在习惯了中国的生活,他妻子也是一样。2. On

24、ly in this way will we be ready for the challengesanti opportunities in life.只有用这种方法我们才能准备迎接生活中的机遇和挑战。“Only + 状语+ 谓语+ 主语+ 谓语的另一部分+ 其他”是一个典型的倒装句形式。其中的状语可以是副词,介词词组和状语从句。这种倒装句属于部分倒装,只将情态动词、助动词和系动词放在主语的前面,谓语动词的其他部分放在主语之后。Only by studying hard can you improve your study.只有通过努力学习才会提高你的成绩.Only when you are

25、 18 can you have the right to vote.只有你到了18岁才有选举权。注意 Only teachers can use this computer. 不是倒装句,在此句中only修饰的是名词。3. Each time we celebrate a festival, it changes a little. 每一次我们庆祝一个节日,我们都会改进一一点。Each time 引导一个时间状语从句。Each time / Every time / The first time / The last time / The moment / The minute + 从句+

26、主句这是名词词组引时间状语从句的常用句型。Each time / Every time I meet him, he always carries a book. 我每次见他,他总是随身拿着一小书。The last time I saw the boy, he was reading by the riverside.我最后一次看到那个男孩时,他正在河边读书。The moment / The minute you see him, please tell him the exciting news. 你一见到他,请告诉他这个激动人心的消息。4. It is not a sad day, but

27、 rather a time to celebrate the cycle of life.它不是一个伤心的口子,而是一个庆祝生命循环的时刻。notbut 意为“不是而是”,即否定前者,肯定后者,not 所连接的成分和but 所连接的成分要对等,即名词对名词,动词对动词,介词短语对介词短语。You should pay attention not to what they say but to what they do. 你不应该注意他们说什么,而应该注意他们做什么。当not.but连接两个主语时,其谓语动词的数要求与第二个主语保持一致,也就是就近原则。Not you but I anl to

28、 blame.不是你而是我要受责备。5. Not all of these are bad for us.并非所有这一些对我们都不好。该句子是部分否定形式。当all, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及every + 名词都表示全部肯定;no one, none,nobody, nothing, not.any,以及no + 名词都表示全部否定。但当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句子中,不管not在它们之前或之后,都表示部分否定。Both of them haven't read this story.= Only one of

29、them has read this story.并非他们俩都看过这个故事。All bamboo doesn't grow tall.= Not all bamboo grows tall.= Some bamboo grows tall, but some doesn't.并非所有的竹子都长得高。注意 any所修饰的名词或由any 构成的复合小定代训作主语时,谓语动词不能用否定形式。也就是说,我们只能说not.any,但不能说anynot。如:Anything can't stop him going there. ×Nothing can stop him

30、 going there. 任何事都不能阻止他上那儿。总括性副词,如everywhere,always,altogether (全然地,wholly和not连用时,也表示部分否定。例:Such a thing can't be found everywhere. 这种事并非到处可见。Such a thing can be found nowhere. 这种事什么地方也见不到。6. There seems to be no other choice. 似乎没有其它的选择。在There be 的句型中,可用其他的动词。如:There used to be曾经有. / happen to b

31、e 碰巧有There seem / appera to be 似乎有There happened to be a traffic jam, so I was twenty minutes late this morning.今天早晨碰巧有一起交通堵塞,因而我迟到了20分钟。There seems to be raining, for there is black cloud in the sky.天似乎要下雨了,因为天上有乌云。精典题例1. - _ David and Vicky _ married?- For about three year. (2003北京A. How long were

32、; beingB. How long have; gotC. How long have; beenD. How long did; get【解析】选C 本题考查1. 延续性动词的用法。2. 动词短语 be married，get married 的区别。根据回答"For about three years." 可知应提问两人结婚(到现在已多久了， 须用现在完成时，排除 A、 两项； D 再排除 B 项，get married 当作非延续性动词使用， 不能和表示一段时间的状语连用， 不能用 How long 来提问。Be married 表示延续的状态。 2. It is

33、believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. (2003 上海 A. interested; interest B. interesting; interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest 【解析】选 D 本题考查动词 interest 及它的非谓语 动词的不同意义，首先 interest 可做动词用，表示“让人产生兴趣”，其次 interesting 为 adj.，表示“令人感兴趣的”， 而 interested 也为 adj.，表示“

34、某人感到有意思，对发生了兴趣”。根据题意，故选 D。 3. - When shall we start? - Let's _, it 8:30. Is that all right? (2002 北京 A. set B. meet C. make D. take 【解析】选 C 本题考查固定词组“make it”。意思为“实现目标成功”。本题意为“确定时间在 8 点半”。 4. All the people _ at the party were his supporters. (2002 北京 A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important 【解析】选 A 本题考查形容词短语 present at the party 作定语，题中的 present 是形容词，表示“出席的、到场的” 意思时，作定语常常后置。 5. _ you call me to say you're not coming, I'll see you at the theatre. (2004 全国 A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless 【解析】选 D 此题考查连词的非谓语形式的用法。根据上下文的意思及逻辑关系，可知答案为 D (Unless = If n