北师大版高中英语一轮复习讲练PartI学案作业Unit13People学案

1、Unit 13People知识清单重点单词1._ vi. 失败_ n. 失败2._ adj. 有能力的_ adj. 残疾的_ n. 残疾3._ v. 依赖；依靠_ adj. 独立的_ n. 独立4._ vt. 预言_ n. 预言5._ n. 人_ adj. 个人的_ n个性6._ n. 性格；特点；人物_ n. 特点；特征 adj. 典型的；独特的7._ adj. 忧虑的_ n. 忧虑8._ vt. 献身于_ n. 奉献9._ prep. 像一样_ adj. 相像的10._ vt. 要求_ n. 要求重点短语1._ _ _ _ 在他二十刚出头的时候2._ _ _致力于3._ _ _ 介入4._

2、 _ 取得进步；获得成功5._ _ _ _ 生某人的气6._ _ _ _ _ _因某事感激某人7._ _ _ _ 禁不住做某事 8._ _ 宽慰地9._ _ _ _ _ _ 密切关注某人 10._ _ _ 找的茬重点句式1.there is nothing they can do to_change_facts.2.the_more upset I got, the_less I was able to concentrate. 核心语法1.现在分词和过去分词2.情态动词 have done自我校对重点单词：1fail; failure2.able; disabled; disability3

3、.depend; independent; independence4.predict; prediction5.person; personal; personality6.character; characteristic7.anxious; anxiety8.devote; devotion9.like; alike10.require; requirement重点短语：1in his early twenties2.be devoted to3.get involved in4.get ahead5.be upset with sb6.be grateful to sb for sth

4、 7cant help doing sth8.with relief9.keep a sharp eye on sb10.find fault with重点词汇探究1collect vi. 聚集 vt. 收集；集中；采集；领取；接走collect for 为募集collect from 从领取/接走collect up 把归拢在一起collection n. 收集；收藏1)Dust _ on the furniture overnight. 一夜之间家具上就堆积了一层厚厚的灰。2)She likes to _ stories and pictures of Dr Bethune. 她喜欢搜集白

5、求恩大夫的故事和照片。3)Ill come around _ _ my child within these days. 这几天我会来接走我的孩子。4)Ive ordered a new car, and I can _ it next week. 我预定了一辆新车，下星期去提。【答案】1)collects2)collect3)to collect4)collectcollect和gathercollect 指为了某一目的而用心收集并加以仔细整理。I tried to collect my thoughts but I was too excited. 我试图集中思想，但是我太激动了。gath

6、er 指自发地集中在一起或把分散的东西收拢起来或从不同的方向聚集到一起，还可指将抽象事物归拢。A crowd gathered to see what had happened. 一群人聚拢过来看发生了什么事。He travels about the world to gather facts about the littleknown disease. 他周游世界，收集鲜为人知的疾病资料。(1)单项填空Little Tommy felt the suitcase, curious to know what it _.Acollected Bcontained Cloaded Dgathere

7、d【答案与解析】B考查动词词义辨析。 collect “收集”； contain “包括；含有”； load “装载”； gather “聚集；收集；集合”。题意：小汤米摸着那个包裹，想知道里面装的是什么东西。 B项符合题意。(2)名校押题(2011江西重点中学联考)How many ancient coins have you _？About 5,000 in all.Agathered Belected Ccollected D. printed【答案与解析】Ccollect表示“收集”时更强调计划性与选择性，表示精心地、有选择地“收集”。deserts n. 应得的惩罚；报应deserv

8、edly adv. 应得地；理所当然地；恰如其分地deserving adj. 应得的；值得的1)He _ a reward for his efforts. 他付出了努力，应该受到奖赏。2)The team _ _ win. 这个队应该赢。 3)He deserved _ _ _ / _. 他应受惩罚。【答案】1)deserves2)deserves to3)to be punished / punishing / punishment2deserve vt. 应受；应得；值得(1)完成句子Your suggestion deserves considering. Your suggesti

9、on deserves _ _ / _.你的建议值得考虑。【答案】to be considered; considering / consideration(2)名校押题(2010东北三校联考)Fathers in the world deserve _ on Fathers Day.Ahonorable Bto honorChonored Dto be honored【答案与解析】Ddeserve后接名词或代词，不能用于进行时态；如deserve后接不定式，若该动词表示主动意义，则用不定式的主动式；若该动词表示被动意义，则用不定式的被动式。prediction n. 预言；预测predict

10、able adj. 可以预测的1)Economists are _ a fall in interest rates. 经济学家预言利率将会下降。2)The report _ that more jobs would be lost in the coal industry. 那份报告预言煤炭工业将失去更多的工作岗位。3)It is difficult to _ what the longterm effects of the accident will be. 很难预测这次事故会有什么样的长期影响。【答案】1)predicting2)predicted3)predict3predict vt

11、. 预言；预料；预报predict和forecastpredict 表示从很多已知事实中或根据自然规律断定将要发生的事情，准确性较大。forecast 表示根据现有的信息、情况预测有可能发生的事，准确性不如predict，多用于预报天气。(1)完成句子1)Some observers _ that a new reform would take place in that country. 一些观察家预言，那个国家将要发生新的改革。2)With weather satellites, it is easy to _ weather now. 有了气象卫星，现在预报天气容易了。【答案】1)pre

12、dicted2)forecast(2)名校押题(2010济南高三统考)Population experts _ that most people will live in cities in the near future.Adecide BDemand Cpredict Dpromise【答案与解析】C根据题意，专家是对未来进行预测，因此要用predict。desire作动词后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句谓语用“should动词原形”，且should可省略。 “一坚持(insist)，二命令(order，command)，三建议(advise，suggest，propose)，四要求(d

13、emand，require，request，desire)”，这类动词后面的宾语从句，以及与此类动词同词根的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句，以及作先行词时其后的定语从句、同位语从句等都用虚拟语气：should 动词原形，其中should可省略。1)He _ us to leave soon.他希望我们尽快离开。2)He has a strong _ _ success.他强烈渴望成功。3)He _ information _ _ matter.他想要有关此事的信息。【答案】1)desired2)desire for3)desires；about the4desire vt. & n. 渴望；要求

14、(1)完成句子1)使他们所有的欲望都得到满足是不可能的。Its impossible to_.2)我父母要我上一所重点大学。My parents _ a key university.3)他要是来出席会议就最理想了。_ that he should attend the conference.4)要求这一规定必须引起所有成员的注意。It is desired that _ of all the members.【答案】1) satisfy all their desires2) desire me to enter3) It is desirable4) this rule (should)

15、be brought to the attention(2)名校押题(2010泰州高三第一次联考)Sometimes, while living in a foreign country, one _ a special dish from home.Awishes Bdesires Ccooks Dbrings【答案与解析】B根据题意应该是“需要”的意思。glance at / down / (a) round / up / over / through sth 匆匆看一眼glance ones eyes down / over / through sth 匆匆或草草看某物一眼take /

16、have / cast a glance at sth 扫视某物at first glance 乍看之下1)I _ _ my watch and was surprised to find that it was nearly midnight. 我匆匆看了一下表，很吃惊地发现时间已经接近半夜了。2)Before the end of the programme, lets take a _ _ the sports news. 在节目结束之前，让我们看一下体育新闻。【答案】1)glanced at 2)glance at5glance vi. 看一下；扫视 n. 一瞥；滑过(1)翻译句子妈妈

17、匆匆看了一下我的功课就出门了。_【答案】Mother glanced at my homework and went out.(2)名校押题(2010苏州高考模拟)It was cloudy that day and people on the helicopter found it hard to _ the missing ship.Aspot Bsearch Cglance DStare【答案与解析】Aspot是及物动词，意为“发现”；search“搜查”；glance“瞥一眼”；stare“盯着；凝视”，且均为不及物动词。devote ones time / energy / life

18、 to (doing) sth 把某人的时间/精力/生命献给(做)某事be devoted to (doing) sth 致力于/专心于(做)某事习惯于有关似用法的短语还有look forward to 期盼see to负责；处理pay attention to 注意lead to 导致get used / accustomed tostick to 坚持get down to开始着手(做某事)object to反对6devote vt. 将奉献(给)；致力于1)He has _ his life _ the revolution. 他把他的一生献给了革命事业。 2)He has _ _ _

19、_ since he graduated from the college in 1962. 1962年他大学毕业后一直献身于教育工作。 3)Her life was _ _ _ for the sick and needy. 她一生都致力于照顾贫病交迫的人。4)Most of his spare time _ _ _ the translation of those works. 他把大部分的空闲时间都用于翻译那些作品。【答案】1)devoted；to2)devoted himself to teaching3)devoted to caring4)was devoted to(1)完成句子

20、1)我希望很快收到你的电子邮件。I am _ _ _ _ your email before long.2)他们一到农场就开始植树。They _ _ _ _ trees as soon as they got to the farm.3)我们已经习惯了在乡下生活。We have _ _ _ _ in the countryside.【答案】1) looking forward to receiving2)got down to planting3)been / got used to living(2)名校押题(2010河南开封高三上学期第三次调研)Accustomed to _ the st

21、eep mountains, he had no difficulty reaching the top.Aclimbing BClimb Chaving climbed Dhave climbed【答案与解析】Abe accustomed to“习惯于”，后接动词时要用ing形式。relieve vt. 解除；减轻；缓和(病、痛等)relieve sb of sth 帮某人减轻负担1)It is _ _ _ to have rain after a long time of drought. 长期的干旱之后，有雨是一大慰藉。2)We all heaved (发出) _ _ _ _ when

22、we heard that they were safe.当我们听说他们平安无事时，都松了一口气。3)_ was quickly sent to the sufferers from the great fire.救济品很快被送到遭受火灾的灾民手中。【答案】1)a great relief2)a sigh of relief3)Relief7relief n. 减轻；解除；救济；宽慰；轻松(1)完成句子His jokes provided some _ _ in what was really a dull speech.他说的笑话给极沉闷的讲话增加了几分轻松气氛。【答案】comic reli

23、ef(2)名校押题(2010山东潍坊高三质检)After reading her daughters letter, Mrs White breathed a sigh of _.Arelief Bbelief Cevidence DLoss【答案与解析】A题意：读完女儿的来信，怀特太太宽慰地松了口气。relief “宽慰”，符合题意。gift常指免费捐赠的物品，或亲友间互赠的礼品，也有“天赋”的意思。have a gift for. “有的天赋”。1)The _ young scientist was much in the public eye. 那位有才华的青年科学家很为人们所注意。2)

24、Man is the only creature that is _ with speech. 人类是唯一被赋予语言能力的动物。【答案】1)gifted2)gifted8gifted adj. 有天赋的；有才华的(1)完成句子1)This is a _ to the museum. 这是一件赠给博物馆的礼物。2)He has a _ for music. 他有音乐天赋。【答案】1)gift2)gift(2)名校押题(2010 浙江温州高三模拟)Mrs Turner has _ 8yearold boy who has _ talent for playing the pianohe has w

25、on two national prizes.Aa; a Ban; the Can; a Dthe; a【答案与解析】Can 8yearold boy“一个八岁的男孩”。eight以元音音素开头，前面应加冠词an。have a talent for “有的天赋”。多和of 搭配使用，构成短语accuse sb of。1)She _ him _ stealing her watch. 她控告他偷了她的表。2)He _ his boss _ having broken his word. 他指责老板不守信用。3)He _ _ _ murder. 他被指控谋杀。【答案】1)accused；of2)a

26、ccused；of3)was accused ofaccuse和chargeaccuse使用范围较广，可用于法律上的正式控告，也可用于一般的指责，其后接of。charge比accuse更正式，通常指在法庭上依法控告，也可以用于指责某人违反公认的行为准则，其后接with。9accuse vt. 指控；控告；谴责(1)完成句子1)A neighbor _ him of playing his radio too loudly. 邻居指责他把收音机音量开得太大。2)He was _ with murder and arson. 他被指控杀人放火。【答案】1)accused2)charged(2)名校

27、押题(2010 吉林高三二模)It is universally _ that Taiwan is a part of China.Aadvised BaccusedCaccessed Dacknowledged【答案与解析】D考查动词词义辨析。题意：台湾是中国的一部分，这是大家公认的。advice“建议”；accuse“指控； 控告；指责”；access“接近；使用”；acknowledge“承认；公认”。重点短语探究1draw up 起草；草拟(文件)；到达(某处)停下；挺直身体；将拉近draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意draw a conclusion 得出结论)Th

28、ey _ _ a list of candidates. 他们草拟了一份候选人的名单。 2)The car _ _ at the traffic lights. 汽车见到交通灯的信号停下来了。3)She _ _ the horse at the top of the hill. 她在山顶上将马拉住。4)He _ _ _ and walked to the platform. 他挺直了身体走上讲台。5)_ _ a chair, and join the conversation. 拉把椅子过来，加入我们的谈话吧。【答案】1)drew up2)drew up3)drew up4)drew hims

29、elf up5)Draw up(1)单项填空After he retired from office, Rogers _ painting for a while，but soon lost interest.Atook upBsaved upCkept upDdrew up【答案与解析】A考查动词词义辨析。由后置语境“but soon lost interest”可知，空白处应表示“对产生兴趣”，故A项正确。save up“储蓄”；keep up“使不掉下来”；draw up“起草；拟订”。(2)名校押题(2011沈阳重点中学联考)Who do you know _ the Declarat

30、ion of Independence when the United States broke away from Britain?Aturned up Bcame up Cdrew up Dtook up【答案与解析】C考查up相关短语辨析。根据题意是表达起草美国的独立宣言，故答案为C项。draw up“起草；拟订”。cant help do cant help to do 不能帮忙做cant (help) but do 不得不做；只能做1)He _ _ _ when he saw his sick mother. 见到生病的母亲他禁不住哭了。2)They _ _ _at the funn

31、y pictures. 见到这些滑稽的图片，他们禁不住笑了。【答案】1)couldnt help crying2)couldnt help laughing(1)单项填空While shopping, people sometimes _ into buying something they dont really need.Acant help to persuade Bcant help persuadingCcant help being persuaded Dhad better be persuaded2cant help doing sth 禁不住做某事；情不自禁做某事【答案与解析

32、】Ccant help doing sth “禁不住做某事；情不自禁地做某事”； cant help to do sth “不能帮助做某事”。在此题中要注意用被动形式。题意：在购物时，人们有时会禁不住被说服去买一些他们并不需要的东西。(2)名校押题(2011豫南九校联考) Would you please help me with my luggage?Sorry，I_it.Mine is even harder.Acannot help carrying Bcannot help but carryCcannot but carry Dcannot help carry【答案与解析】D答语前

33、句意为“对不起，我不能帮助搬行李”。cannot help doing “禁不住做”；cannot help but do “不得不做；忍不住做”；cannot help do “不能帮忙做”，故选D项。go ahead (with sth) (尤指经某人允许，或有人表示怀疑或反对后)开始做；着手干1)Ill _ _ and tell them youre on the way. 我要先走一步，告诉他们你在路上。2)Despite the bad weather, the fete will _ _. 尽管天气不好， 游乐会照常举行。3)The building of the new brid

34、ge will _ _ as planned. 新桥的修建将按计划进行。4)May I start now? 我现在可以开始吗？Yes, _ _. 可以， 开始吧。5)The government intends to _ _ with its privatization plans. 政府拟推行私有化计划。【答案】1)go ahead2)go ahead3)go ahead4)go ahead5)go ahead3go ahead 走在前面；先走；进行；发生(1)单项填空Could I ask you some rather personal questions?Of course, _.A

35、excuse me Bgo ahead Cgood idea Dforget it【答案与解析】Bgo ahead“问吧”。(2)名校押题(2010吉林模拟) Was Mary sorry for what shed done?_.ANo wonder BWell doneCNot really DGo ahead【答案与解析】Cno wonder“不足为奇；难怪”；well done“做得好”；not really“事实上没有”；go ahead“做吧”。根据题意选C项。more than 用于比较意义，表示“比多”；用于数词前，表示“超过；多余”，还可表示“不仅仅是；非常”的意思。1)Hi

36、s knowledge is _ _ mine. 他的知识比我的丰富。2)China Daily is _ _ a newspaper. It can help us _English.中国日报不仅仅是一份报纸。它还能帮助我们学习英语。【答案】1)more than2)more than；learn4more than 更；更加；较为；更大程度地(1)more than 表语(形容词或分词)，相当于very或much。Her parents are more than (much) pleased with her results. 她父母对她的成绩很满意。 (2)more than 名词，相

37、当于not only。Hibernation is more than sleep. It is a very deep sleep. 冬眠不仅是睡眠，而且是很深的睡眠。 (3)“more than one 单数名词”作主语时，其谓语动词用单数。 More than one student has seen the film. 不止一个学生看过那部电影。(4)more 名词 than 名词，表示“与其说，不如说”。It is even more a poem than a picture. 与其说它是一幅画，倒不如说它是一首诗。 (5)no more than相当于only或not any m

38、ore than。I have read no more than ( not any more than) two pages this morning. 今天上午我只看了两页书。 (1)单项填空Those who have _ courage than wisdom may sometimes act foolishly.Amuch Bmore Cmost Dmany【答案与解析】B考查more.than. 的用法。题意：那些有勇无谋的人有时做事很愚蠢。(2)名校押题1)(2010福建厦门高中毕业班统考)Do you need some help, Lily? Sure. The job

39、is _ I could do myself.A. less than B. more than C. no more than DNot more than【答案与解析】B题意：这项工作我一个人完成不了。more than “多于；超过”。 less than no more than “小于；少于”； not more than “至多”。2)(2010湖南模拟)Americans usually just say “Hi” or “Hello”，_ a more formal handshake when they first meet you.Arather than Bmore th

40、an Cless than Dother than【答案与解析】Arather than“而不是”；other than“除了”。end up (with) 结束；完结；以结局begin / start with 以开始1)How does the story _ _？ 这个故事是怎么结束的？2)He _ _ his own life _ a gun. 他开枪自杀了。3)He fell off a tall tree and _ _ _ disability. 他从很高的树上掉下来，结果残疾了。【答案】1)end up2)ended up；with3)ended up with5end up

41、(尤指经历一系列意料之外的事情后)最终处于(1)单项填空Dont drive your car like that, or youll _ in hospital.Acatch up Btake up Cend up Dbring up 【答案与解析】C题意：不要那样开车，否则你最终会受伤住院的。 end up “以结局”。(2)名校押题(2011河北衡水中学月考)With the popularity of bank cards，now thieves mostly _just a little cash and several cards.Adeal with Bend up withCc

42、ome up with Dput up with【答案与解析】B题意：随着银行卡的普及，现在大多数小偷只能偷到少量现金和几张卡。deal with“对付；处理”；end up with“以而结束”；come up with“想出；提出”；put up with“忍受；忍耐”。重点句型探究1. There is nothing they can do to change facts.他们无法改变事实。这里they can do 为定语从句，修饰先行词nothing，前面的引导词that被省去。to change facts 为目的状语。【仿写】他们能做一些事情来帮助孩子们。_【答案】There

43、is something they can do to help the children.1)The surgeon did _ _ _ _ save the wounded soldier. 外科医生竭尽全力去抢救那个受伤的士兵。2)She does everything _ _ _ help her mother. 她竭力帮助母亲。3)We should do as much as _ _ _ serve the people. 我们应当尽全力为人民服务。【答案】1)what he could to2)she can to3)we can to表示“尽力做(某事)”可以用：do what

44、 one can to do; do all (that) one can to do; do everything one can to do; do as much as one can to do。(1)单项填空There is nothing more I can do_you to change your mind, so I wish you good luck.Abeing persuaded BpersuadingCto persuade Dpersuade【答案与解析】CI can do为定语从句，修饰nothing，前面的引导词that 被省去。to persuade.为目

45、的状语。(2)名校押题(2010广西柳州模拟)We must do what we can to prevent the rivers from _ by factories.Ato pollute Bto be pollutedCpolluting Dbeing polluted【答案与解析】Dprevent.from doing.“阻止做”，该题中的river和pollute为动宾关系，故选D项。the more.the more.“越，越”，是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。the用在形容词或副词的比较级前，more代表形容词或副词的比较级。【仿写】你练习得越多，

46、你的英语就会越好。_【答案】The more you practise, the better your English will be.2The more upset I got, the less I was able to concentrate. 我的情绪越坏，我就越难集中注意力。1)_ _ she learns, _ _ she wants to learn. 她越学就越想学。2)_ _ he is, _ _ he feels. 他越忙越高兴。3)_ _ the ground is, _ _ air becomes. 离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。 4)_ _ you work, _ _

47、 progress you will make. 你越用功，进步就会越大。 5)_ _ the war lasts, _ _ the people there will suffer. 战争持续得越久，那里的人们受难就越多。 【答案】1)The more；the more2)The busier；the happier3)The higher；the thinner4)The harder；the greater 5)The longer；the more(1)这种句型的特点是前后都可以有所省略。The more, the better.多多益善。 The sooner, the better

48、. 越早越好。(2)若表示“越，越不”时，常用“the more.the less.”句型。 The more she flatters me, the less I like her. 她越逢迎我，我越不喜欢她。 (3)若表示“越不，越”时，常用“the less.the more.”句型。 The less he worried, the better he worked. 他烦恼越少，工作就干得越好。(1)单项填空In my opinion，education is about learning, so the more you learn，_.Athe more for life ar

49、e you equippedBthe more equipped for life you areCthe more life you are equipped forDyou are equipped the more for life【答案与解析】B从所提供的情境the more you learn，并结合所给选项可以确定这是“the 形容词/副词的比较级陈述句”的句型，表示“越，越”。题意：我认为，教育是有关学习的事，你学得越多，你就越能适应生活。(2)名校押题(2010江苏泰州模拟)_， the deeper you dive, the more pressure you have.AGeneral speaking BSpeaking generalCGenerally speaking DSpeaking generally【答案与解析】Cgeneral speaking为固定短语，意为“一般说来”。add.to. 把添加到中【仿写】大雨增加了那里救援工作的难度。_【答案】The heavy rain