5单元八年级英语下册单元知识点归纳

1、v1.0可编辑可修改111八年级英语下册知识点Unit 1. what s the matter一.重点短语归纳1. foot-feet 脚 复 tooth-teeth 牙齿 复 2. have a cold 感冒3. have a stomachache 胃疼4. have a sore back 背疼5. have a sore throat喉咙疼6. have a fever 发烧7. lie down and (have a)rest躺下休息 have a rest 休息8. hot tea with honey加蜜的热茶9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a docto

2、r 看医生lots of water 多喝水of ,a lot of, a lota lot of=lots of ,可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中There are lots of ( a lot of ) books in our library.Thanks a loThere is a lot of water on the grounda lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；表示十分，很等意思;t.12. have a toothache 牙疼13. That ' s a good idea 好主意14. go to bed 去睡觉go to bed ea

3、rly 早上床睡觉15. feel well 感到好 I don ' t feel well= I 我感觉不舒服.16. start doing/ to do sthfeel ill 感到不舒服 m not feeling well开始做某事TO DO是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情DOINB原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情17. two days ago 两天前18. get some rest 多休息，休息一会儿19. I think so我认为是这样20. be thirsty 口渴v1.0可编辑可修改21. be hungry 饥饿22. be stre

4、ssed out紧张23. listen to music听音乐24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医26. need to do sth需要做某事I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist.我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医.We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净.27. a balance of yin and yang 阴阳平衡28. for example 例如29. too much yin 太多的阴，阴气

5、太盛too much +不可数名词太多的much too +形/副 实在太 极其，非常对什么有益，对什么有好处对什么有害在方面好，擅长good at的相关用法too many + 可数名词复数 太多的good for sth./ doing sth.be bad for sth./ doing sth.be good to 对好be good at =do well inbe good(bad) for、begood for 对 有益Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操对你们的建康有益。李平擅长于篮球李平擅长于打篮球。我擅长于数

6、学。父母亲总是对他们的孩子good at 擅长于Li Ping is good at basketball.=Li Ping is good at playing basketball.be good at = do well in 如：I'm good at math. = I do well in math.good to 又寸 好Parents are always good to their children.好。good grades 取得好成绩用法be angry with sb 生某人的气v1.0可编辑可修改I was angry with him for keeping

7、 me waiting.我对他彳艮生气，因为他让我等了好久。be angry at/ about sth就某事生气medicine 中药popular in + some place在某地很流行Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries.现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。western countries在西方国家's easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It ' s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。diet平衡饮食tired感至 U 疲倦 be/get tiredout at

8、 night在晚上出去When you are tired, you shouldn ' t go out at night .疲倦时，晚上你不该外出healthy保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good healththe moment止匕时，止匕亥U = nowI ' m not feeling very well at the momentsth. =like sth.(名词)喜欢某物，enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sthenjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself,

9、 themselves, ourselves, itself反身代词)玩得高兴， 过得愉快 =have a good time = have a wonderful tim e =have fun43. conversation practice会话练习44. host family寄宿家庭45. have a lot of headaches 经常疼痛I ' m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳，而且经常头痛。46. a few + 可数名词复数 少许a little +不可数名词/形/副一点一shouldn ' t eat

10、anything=He should eat nothing.他不应当吃任何东西.sb some advice 给某人建议 give advice提出建议advice是不可数名词333v1.0可编辑可修改a piece of advice贝U建议 take one' s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议He gave me some good advice.他向我提了一些很好的意见。8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时medicine 吃药服药I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三

11、次药。二固定结构It ' s + 形 + for sb. + to do sth.做某事对某人来说是的。It ' s important to do sth .做某事很重要。It ' s important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.It ' s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It ' s easy for us to find out the answer.找出答案对我们来说是容易的三.重点句子's the matter What ' s the mater w

12、ith you 你怎么啦 =Whaf s the trouble with you=What ' s wrong with youI have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache's too bad. You should / shouldn ' t 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该一You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dent ist / see a doctor .He should n' t eat anythin

13、g = He should eat nothing.他不应当吃任何东西.'m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用 good代替I don ' t feel well= I ' m not feeling well我感觉不舒服.did it start About two days ago .什么时候开始的大约两天前hope you fell better soon .我希望你很快好起来这里better是well的比较级#v1.0可编辑可修改Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin

14、 and yang to be healthy.传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。这里to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语should eat hot yang foods, like beef.你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物。Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.吃党参和黄黄等草本植物也对这有好处。who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。too much后跟不可数名词，而to o many后

15、跟可数名词复数's easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it' s important to eat a balanced diet .有一个健康的生活方式很容易,饮食平衡是很重要的。fIt ' s easy to do sth .做某事容易 /It ' s important to do sth . 做某事重要should rest for a few nights.你应该休息几个晚上study late every night , sometimes until 2 am, but I don ' t thin

16、k I ' m improving.我每天晚上学到很晚，有时到凌晨2点钟，但我认为我没有提高。13believe in信任某人，弓S调品质，believe sb.相信某人的话I believe him, but I can ' t belie ve in him.他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist .一 need意思为“需要”，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为don' t/doesn ' t / didn ' t need (to do sth.) ；

17、作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为needn' t(do sth.),除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化四.知识结构。.情态动词should的用法should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没 有人称和数的变化，意为”应该."。should (应当，应该)用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。eg. You should wait a little more.你应该再多等一会儿。-I have a very bad cold. 我感冒很厉害。555v1.0可编辑可修改You should lie down and have a rest.(2

18、 maybe与 may be是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“Maybe he can answer the question.He maybe is from the USA, too.be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是He may be from the USA, too.She may be our English teacher.你应该躺下，多喝水。perhaps"。如：也许他能回答那个问题他可能也来自美国。.”。如：他可能也来自美国。她可能是我们的英语老师(3too many,too much与 much toomany意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。如：The

19、re are too many students in our class.我们班上有太多的学生。much意为“太多”，用于修饰不可数名词。如：We have too much work to do.我们有太多的工作要做otoo表示“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词。如：The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it.箱子太重了，所以我搬不动它。(4 few、a few、little 、a little的区别和联系：/ a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思，有几个。例如：He has few f

20、riends here, he feels lonely.他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。/ a little 用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有a little表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如：There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗(5 not - until 直到 (否定句)才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词She didn ' t leave until we

21、came.He went shopping after he got up.#v1.0可编辑可修改=He didn t go shopping until /before he got up.until/till直到 （肯定句）动词为延续性动词We stayed here till/until 12 o ' clock.Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks.知识点：短语动词小结常见短语动词结构有下面几种：1 .动词+副词 如：give up 放弃turn off 关掉stay up 熬夜 这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须

22、放在动 词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放 在短语动词后。2 .动词+介词 如：listen of 听look at 看belong to 属于 这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。3 .动词+副词加词 如：come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完，耗尽4 . 动词+名词（介词）如：take part in 参加catch hold of 抓住（sb.） up使（某人）高兴、振作clean up 打扫 clean-up n.2. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a如：cheer me up 使我高兴打扫homeless boy个无家可归的

23、男孩 home n.豕4. sick adj. 生病的川adj. 生病的作表语、定语5. volunteer to dov.作表语，不能作定语志愿效劳、主动贡献volunteer n.6. come up withcatch up with7. put off doing志愿者提出 想出=think up 想出赶上追上推迟做某事put on穿上（指过程）put up张贴8. write down 写下 t己下9. call up 打电话make a telephone call 打电话10. set up 成立建立777v1.0可编辑可修改The new hospital was set up

24、 in 2000.这座医院是在 2000 年成立的。11. each每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况常与of连用every 每个每一个的一切的则有“全体”的意思不能与 of连用12. put to use 把 投入使用，利用They put the new machine to use.他们把新机器投入使用13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) studyhelp sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 help him with Englishhelp do帮助做某事 help study14. plan to do 计划做某事pla

25、n + 从旬I plan to go to Beijing. = I plan (that) I will go to Beijing.我计划去北京。15. spend doing 花费做I spent a day visiting Beijing.我花了 一天的时间去参观北京。spendon sth.花费在I spent 3 years on English.onlybut (also) 不但而且用来连接两个并列的成分(1)引导以not only - but (also) 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。因此 Not only do I feel good but (also) .是倒装句。也是

26、说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如： Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到而且做得最好。Not onlybut (also) 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的 变化也就是就近原则如：Not only Lily but (also) you like cat.不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat.不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。常见的就近原则的结构有：Neithernor即不也不(两者都不)Neither you nor I like hi

27、m.我 和你都不喜欢他。Eitheror 不是就是一(两者中的一个 )Either Lily or you are a student. Not only -but (also) There be17. join 参加(指参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党take part in 参加(指参加活动)如：#v1.0可编辑可修改take part in sports meeting参力口运动会18. run out 与 run out ofrun out （become used up）.其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等,本身就含有被动意义。His money soo

28、n ran out.他的钱很快就花光了。My patience has completely run out.我没有点而寸心了。Our time is running out.我们剩下的时间不多了。run out of主语为人，表示主动含义。He is always running out of money before pay day.他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。两者在一定条件下可以互换如：The petrol is running out.汽油快用完了=We are running out of petrol.我们快把汽油用完了。Our time is running out

29、.我们乘 U 下 的 时间不多了。= We are running out19. take after ( be similar to look afterof time相像照顾他提出的这个策略在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像与.相像take after照顾take care of20. work out v. + adj.结局，结果为The strategies that he came up with worked out fine.效果很好算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）He never seems to be worked out.他好像永远不会疲乏似的。He worked out

30、a plan.他制订了一个计划。I have worked out our total expenses.我已经算出了我们总的费用。21. hang out 闲荡闲逛999v1.0可编辑可修改I like to hang out at mall with my friends.我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。22. be able to do 能 会be unable to do 不能 不会23. thank you for doing谢谢做某事 如：thank you for helping me谢谢做帮助我24. for sure确实如此，毫无疑问You don' t have

31、 money. That ' s for sure.你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。25. fill with使充满用填充She filled the bowl with water.她用水填满碗。26. like prep.像27. help sb. out 帮助一做事，解决难题（摆脱困境）I can ' t work out this math problem. Plea se help me out.我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。训练她训练她的狗去取东西。如：我马上去那里。some day 有一天（指将来）如28. train n. 火车 train v.train s

32、b. to do.训练某人做某事She trains her dog to fetch things.29. at once = right away立亥U 马上Do it at once. 马上去做。I ' ll go there at once/ right away.有一天我去了北京30. one day 有一天（指将来/过去）One day I went to Beijing.Some day I ' ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。31. specially adv. 特意地 专门地 特别地 special adj. 特别的32. donatio

33、n n. 捐赠物 donate v. 捐赠 赠送33. part of speech 词性 词类34. disabled adj.肢体有残疾的disable v. 不能35. hand out 分发 hand out bananasgive out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分 .给某人give up doing 放弃 give up smoking放弃吸烟give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to.give away money to kidsgive sb. sth.给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱give sth. to sb.

34、给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线36. volunteer 可数名词“志愿者”adj.自愿的101011v1.0可编辑可修改vi. volunteer to do sthThey are the Chinese People ' s Volunteers.他们是中国人民志愿军。I volunteer to help you.我自愿帮助你。37. no longer = not any longer指时间上不再延续。no more = not any more指动作上不再延续。二.短语up清扫out分发，发放up=make- happier 使. 高兴，使. 振作s

35、chool study program课外学习班up with=think up 提出，想出off推迟down 写下，t己下up张贴out分发，发放up打电话up=establish 建立home to sb 是某人的家园one' s time to do sth 自愿花时间干 to use把投入使用school 小学to do sth 计划干 打算干a football team for kids训练少年足球队a Chinese History club开办一个中国史俱乐部out of 用完，耗尽after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象up修理mmaway捐赠similar to 与相

36、似for 索要call-in center for parents 家长热线out闲荡up signs asking for singing jobs out of money for singing lessons people 残疾人sure确实如此，毫无疑问with. 用 填充be full of张贴寻求唱歌工作的广告学唱歌的钱用完了装满了 .out 帮助 做事，解决难题（摆脱困境） specially trained dog一只经过特殊训练的狗sb to do sth训练某人干.my book把我的书拿来of speech 词性三.句子1. We can t put off makin

37、g a plan. Clean -up Day is only two weeks from now.我们不能推迟制订计划，清洁日离现在只有两周了。2. She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作， 使这个爱好得到较好的利用3. Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing

38、what I love to do.帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。4. The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heirschool.这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。strategies that he came up with worked out fine.几米想出的这个办法彳艮效。7. He did a radio interview. 他接

39、受了电台的采访。8. We need to come up with a plan.我们需要指定一个计划。9. You could help clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。10. He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children whodon' t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车，并准备把这些修好的 自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room一.重要词组及短语1. could you

40、 please do sth. 你能吗/ 请你干好吗？2. do the chores 做杂务3. do the dishes 洗餐具4. sweep the floor 清扫地板5. take out the trash倒垃圾6. make one's bed 铺床7. fold one's clothes叠衣服8. clean the living room清扫客厅9. stay out late 晚归10. come over 过来11. have a test 考试12. get a ride 搭车13. use one's computer使用某人的电脑 13

41、1313v1.0可编辑可修改151515讨厌某事/做某事14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth.like to do （doing） sth.15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣®16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做饭17. wash the car 刷车18. work on 从事，忙于work at 学习、致力于、在上下工夫19. borrow some money 借一些钱borro

42、w sth. from sb.向某人借某物（借入）lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物（借出）You can borrow some money from your brother.你可以向你哥哥借些钱。Can you lend me your bike你能借给我你的自行车吗？20. invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事They invited me to join their club.他们邀请我参加俱乐部。invite sb to a placeinvite you to my party21. go to the store 去商

43、店22. agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事agree with sb. 同意某人的意见disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事disagree with sb.不同意某人的意见23. take care of = look after 照顾、照看、照料take good care of = look after well 把照管得好26. take sb. for a walk带某人去散步27. play with sb. 和某人玩28. forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（做过）（

44、1） do, make短语归类do the dishes 洗餐具do my homework做我的家庭作业do chores 做家务，处理琐事do the laundry 洗衣do the shopping 购物do some reading 读书make your bed 铺床make breakfast 做早餐make dinner 做晚饭make tea 泡茶，沏茶make a cup of coffee 冲杯咖啡(2)关于to的短语总结:have to do sth.need to do sth.like to do sth.love to do sth.start to do sth

45、.ask sb to do sth.不得不需要做某事喜欢做某事热爱做某事开始做某事请某人做某事必须做某事hate to do sth.want to do sth.forget to do sth.begin to do sth.讨厌做某事想做某事忘记做某事开始做某事1. Could you please clean your room ?Yes, sure. / Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework first.2. Could I please use the carv1.0可编辑可修改Sure. / Certainly. / Of co

46、urse. / No, you can't. I have to go out.在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中， 常用could代替can ,以表示礼 貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could 看作can的过去式。以上两句中用could是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮 助或请求允许时，除了 can, could之外，还可以用may,句子的表达方式也各 有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例：Could / Can / May I use your car for a day?作允答可以各种各样：如同意可以说 Yes,或Sure或Certai

47、nly ，还可说Yes, (do) please.或 Of course. (you may / can). 或 That's OK / all right.如果不同意，可以说 I'm sorry you can't. 或 I'm really sorry, but I have to use it today.要避免说No, you can't.这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。don' t you talk to your pa rents一.重要词汇和句型1. get ( 1 ) 买 get sth. for sb. = get s

48、b. sth.为某人买某物Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping=Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping(2 ) 得到，到达 Where did you get the bookWhen did you get the letter He got home late last night .(3)使，让 get + 宾语+宾补使某人' 某物怎么样Please get you coat clean .Get your mouthclosed .get sb. to do s

49、th.使某人' 某物做某事161616v1.0可编辑可修改I got him to call Jim yesterday .(4) (逐渐)变得The weather gets warmer and days get longer .Why did the teacher get angry 2. how about what about后跟名词' 代词' 动词ing形式。(1)向对方提出建议或请求How about going out for a walk How about something to eat(2)向对方征求意见或看法How about the TV

50、play How about buying the house now(3 )询问天气或身体情况How about the weather in Hainan IslandHow about your parents Are they living with you(4 )谈话中承接上下文I ' m forty years old . How about youI ' m from Beijing . How about you3. receive收至U The girl was happy to receive many gifts onher birthday .recei

51、ve a letter from = get a letter from = heard from收至 U某人的信I received a letter from my parents last Sunday .=I got a letter from my parents last Sunday .=I heard from my parents last Sunday .accept 接受 He couldn ' t accept our suggestions but our gifts .She was very glad to receive the invitation .

52、He didn ' t receive a good education at university . 171717I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it.4. a 6-year - old child 一个六岁的孩子6-year - old是由“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，作前置 定语，修饰后面的名词child .数词+名词+形容词 构成的复合形容词，中间的名词要用单数形式:a five-year-old girl一个五岁的女孩a six-foot-deep hole一个六英尺深

53、的洞a two-meter-long ruler一把两米长的尺子 a 100-meter race一场百一栋十层高的楼房一本两英寸厚的词典米赛跑a ten-story-high building a two-inch-thick dictionary5. too to 太 而不能too后跟形容词或副词原形，to后跟动词原形，构成不定式.句子的主语军队）.动词不定的主语不一时，可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语for sb.He is too young to join the army (The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out .

54、表示否定意义的never not 和tooto连用时表达肯定一样One is never too old to learn .too to 可以与 enough to 和 sothat 转换.与enough to转换 时，enough前的形容词，副词必须是too后面形容词, 副词的反义词，并使用其否定句式.She is too young to do the work .=she is n' t 01d enough to do the work .与so- - that 转换时，that后面的从句要用否定形式. 181818v1.0可编辑可修改Tom is too tired to

55、walk any farther .= Tom is so tired that he can' t walk any farther6. cost 1） 动词， 花费价值（多少钱）How much did it cost I didn ' t buy it because itcost too much .The meal cost us about 100 yuan .（2 ） 名词， 成本，费用，价钱.at all costs不惜任何代价；at thecostof 以为代价.Living costs are higher in cities than that in the country .We must stop it at all costs . After the earthquake ,thesoldiers tried