高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法填空专题一有提示词类试题

1、二轮二轮英语英语第一部分语法填空第一部分语法填空二轮二轮英语英语2014-20152014-2015年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计表年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计表考点统计考点统计 看考向看考向 观变化观变化项目项目内容内容年份年份有提示词类试题有提示词类试题无提示词类试题无提示词类试题特殊句式及特殊句式及固定搭配固定搭配谓谓语语动动词词非非谓谓语语动动词词派派生生词词比比较较等等级级其其他他冠冠词词名名词词介介词词代代词词情情态态动动词词和和助助动动词词副副词词并并列列连连词词状状语语从从句句名词名词性从性从句句定定语语从从句句特特殊殊句句式式固定固定搭配搭配20152015全国全国

2、 2 22 21 10 02 20 00 01 10 00 01 10 00 00 01 10 00 020152015全国全国 1 13 33 30 00 01 10 01 10 00 00 00 00 01 10 01 11 120142014全国全国 1 11 13 31 11 11 10 00 00 00 00 01 10 00 01 12 20 020142014全国全国 1 13 32 20 01 10 00 01 10 01 10 01 10 00 00 00 02 2二轮二轮英语英语考情分析考情分析 找热点找热点 寻规律寻规律 从统计表可以看出从统计表可以看出, ,语法填空题主

3、要考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。语法填空题主要考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。根据具体语境根据具体语境, ,借助词法、句法、特殊句式以及固定搭配进行考査借助词法、句法、特殊句式以及固定搭配进行考査, ,体现了体现了“实词考查为实词考查为主主, ,虚词考査为辅虚词考査为辅”的命题原则。的命题原则。 1.1.有提示词类试题比重大。表中统计表明有提示词类试题比重大。表中统计表明, ,四套试题中语法填空题有提示词类试题四套试题中语法填空题有提示词类试题均占考查总量的均占考查总量的70%70%。 2.2.动词为重中之重。谓语动词和非谓语动词用法为必考点动词为重中之重。谓语动词和非谓

4、语动词用法为必考点, ,其中其中20152015年高考新课标年高考新课标全国全国、全国、全国以及以及20142014年高考新课标全国年高考新课标全国三套试题中语法填空题对动词的考查占三套试题中语法填空题对动词的考查占40%40%。 3.3.派生词用法为必考点。以上四套试题中语法填空题均考查了派生词的用法。派生词用法为必考点。以上四套试题中语法填空题均考查了派生词的用法。 4.4.考查特殊句式及固定搭配的用法。考查特殊句式及固定搭配的用法。20152015年高考新课标全国年高考新课标全国语法填空题考查了固语法填空题考查了固定句型定句型“adj./adv.+enough to do”adj./ad

5、v.+enough to do”和固定搭配和固定搭配at the same time;2014at the same time;2014年高考新课标年高考新课标全国全国语法填空题考查了固定句型语法填空题考查了固定句型“It is/was+adj.+thatIt is/was+adj.+that从句从句”和和“It takes/took It takes/took (sb.)+.+to do sth.”(sb.)+.+to do sth.”的用法的用法;2014;2014年高考新课标全国年高考新课标全国语法填空题考查了固定搭配语法填空题考查了固定搭配keep doing sth.keep doi

6、ng sth.和和next tonext to。二轮二轮英语英语专题突破专题突破 攻专题攻专题 克难关克难关专题一有提示词类试题专题一有提示词类试题考点一考点一谓语动词谓语动词1.1.如果括号中给出的提示词是动词如果括号中给出的提示词是动词, ,首先要分析句子成分。如果句子缺首先要分析句子成分。如果句子缺 谓语谓语, ,需要注意动词的时态和语态。需要注意动词的时态和语态。【典例典例1 1】 It was raining lightly when I It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in (arrive) in Yangshuo just befor

7、e dawn.But I didnt careYangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.(2015.(2015新课标全国新课标全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :arrivedarrived考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知, ,此处需此处需要填谓语动词要填谓语动词, ,根据语境可知用一般过去时根据语境可知用一般过去时, ,所以填所以填arrivedarrived。二轮二轮英语英语【典例典例2 2】 A boy on a bike A boy on a bike (catch) my attention.He was

8、 riding (catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his armsbeside the bus and waving his arms.(2014.(2014新课标全国新课标全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :caughtcaught分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,此处应该填谓语动词此处应该填谓语动词, ,根据语境用一根据语境用一般过去时。般过去时。【典例典例3 3】 Tai Chi Tai Chi (call) “shadow boxing” in English(call) “shadow boxin

9、g” in English. .(2014(2014辽宁辽宁) )答案及剖析答案及剖析: :is calledis called分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,句子缺谓语动词句子缺谓语动词, ,根据语境用一般根据语境用一般现在时现在时; ;由于主语由于主语Tai ChiTai Chi与动词与动词callcall之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, ,所以用被动语态。所以用被动语态。二轮二轮英语英语2.2.如果句子缺谓语如果句子缺谓语, ,除了考虑时态和语态还要考虑主谓一致问题。除了考虑时态和语态还要考虑主谓一致问题。【典例典例4 4】 This cycle This cycle (go) da

10、y after day:The walls warm up (go) day after day:The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(a timely offset(抵消抵消)for the outside temperatures.)for the outside temperatures.(2015(2

11、015新课标全新课标全国国) 答案及剖析答案及剖析: :goesgoes考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知, ,此处需要填此处需要填谓语动词谓语动词, ,根据语境用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式根据语境用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式, ,所以填所以填goesgoes。【典例典例5 5】 It It (be) unimaginable that it could ever be (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned upcleaned up.(2014.(2014新课标全国新课标全国)答案及剖析答案及剖

12、析: :waswas分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,此处应该填谓语动词此处应该填谓语动词, ,根据语境用一根据语境用一般过去时般过去时, ,主语是主语是It,It,谓语动词应该用单数形式。谓语动词应该用单数形式。二轮二轮英语英语名师在线名师在线 谓语动词的用法是语法填空题的必考点。重点考查的是时态谓语动词的用法是语法填空题的必考点。重点考查的是时态, ,而而且多与语态一起考査。时态理解错误在考生中是常见的。解题时要注意以下且多与语态一起考査。时态理解错误在考生中是常见的。解题时要注意以下几点几点: :(1)(1)判断用哪种时态判断用哪种时态( (根据具体的语境、时间状语或另一动词的时间状

13、语根据具体的语境、时间状语或另一动词的时间状语) )。(2)(2)判断用主动语态还是被动语态。判断用主动语态还是被动语态。(3)(3)注意谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。注意谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。(4)(4)注意不规则动词的拼写。注意不规则动词的拼写。二轮二轮英语英语特别提示特别提示 某些动词某些动词, ,如如:read,write,sell,wash,wear,lock,dry :read,write,sell,wash,wear,lock,dry 等可用主等可用主动语态表示被动意义动语态表示被动意义, ,通常表明主语的某种属性或特征通常表明主语的某种属性或特征, ,一般带

14、有一个副词一般带有一个副词( (如如easily,well,smoothlyeasily,well,smoothly等等) )作修饰语。作修饰语。This coat dries easily.This coat dries easily.这种外衣容易干。这种外衣容易干。Your pen writes smoothly.Your pen writes smoothly.你的钢笔写起来流畅。你的钢笔写起来流畅。二轮二轮英语英语易混易错易混易错 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时的区别(1)(1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态

15、, ,或者单纯叙述过去的事情或者单纯叙述过去的事情, , 强调动作强调动作; ;现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。 I was an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty years.I was an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty years. ( (表示在过去一段时间里一直存在的状态表示在过去一段时间里一直存在的状态, ,与现在没有联系与现在没有联系, ,仅表示过去的一仅表示过去的一 个事实。个事实。) ) I have b

16、een an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty I have been an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty years. years. ( (表明截止到现在在第一中学已任教二十年了表明截止到现在在第一中学已任教二十年了, ,与现在有联系。与现在有联系。) )(2)(2)一般过去时常与表示过去的具体的时间状语连用一般过去时常与表示过去的具体的时间状语连用, ,而现在完成时通常与模糊的而现在完成时通常与模糊的 时间状语连用或无时间状语。时间状语连用或无时间状语。 He

17、 wrote many plays when he was at college.He wrote many plays when he was at college. ( (有明确的表示过去的时间状语有明确的表示过去的时间状语, ,表示写剧本是他过去做的事情。表示写剧本是他过去做的事情。) ) He has written many plays. He has written many plays. ( (没有时间状语没有时间状语, ,本句表明他是剧作家。本句表明他是剧作家。) )二轮二轮英语英语【变式训练变式训练】 用一般过去时态或现在完成时态填空用一般过去时态或现在完成时态填空1.I c

18、ant find my glasses.1.I cant find my glasses. you you (see) them?(see) them? Yes.You Yes.You (leave) them in the car yesterday.(leave) them in the car yesterday.2.The tape recorder 2.The tape recorder (be) out of order last week.(be) out of order last week. We We (have) it repaired the day before ye

19、sterday.It(have) it repaired the day before yesterday.It (be) in good condition ever since.(be) in good condition ever since.3.How 3.How you you (be) since I (be) since I (see) you(see) you last time? last time? Very well,thank you. Very well,thank you.答案答案: :1.Have;seen;left1.Have;seen;left2.was;ha

20、d;has been2.was;had;has been3.have;been;saw3.have;been;saw二轮二轮英语英语考点二考点二非谓语动词非谓语动词 如果括号中给出的提示词是动词如果括号中给出的提示词是动词, ,而句中已有谓语动词且不需要并列谓语而句中已有谓语动词且不需要并列谓语, ,考虑填非谓语动词。考虑填非谓语动词。 确定需要填非谓语动词后确定需要填非谓语动词后, ,接下来要根据非谓语动词的用法确定具体用哪接下来要根据非谓语动词的用法确定具体用哪种形式。种形式。 1.1.非谓语动词作主语或宾语非谓语动词作主语或宾语【典例典例1 1】 (see) is to believe.

21、(see) is to believe.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :To see To see 句子缺主语句子缺主语, ,又根据句子的表语来判断又根据句子的表语来判断, ,应用动词不定式。应用动词不定式。【典例典例2 2】 (ignore) the difference between the two research (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you makefindings will be one of the worst mistak

22、es you make.(2015.(2015安徽安徽,27,27改编改编) )答案及剖析答案及剖析: :IgnoringIgnoring考查非谓语动词的用法。此处用动词考查非谓语动词的用法。此处用动词-ing-ing的一般式作的一般式作主语。主语。二轮二轮英语英语【典例典例3 3】 One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried about about (be) late for school(be) late for school.(201

23、4.(2014新课标全国新课标全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :beingbeing此处作介词此处作介词aboutabout的宾语的宾语, ,应该填动词应该填动词-ing-ing形式。形式。【典例典例4 4】 Keep Keep (hold) your position for a while.It (hold) your position for a while.It helps develop your strength and flexibilityhelps develop your strength and flexibility.(2014.(2014辽宁辽宁) )答案及剖析答案及剖

24、析: :holdingholding根据语境可知根据语境可知, ,此处填动词此处填动词-ing-ing形式形式, ,作动词作动词keepkeep的的宾语。宾语。keep doing sth.keep doing sth.意思是意思是“继续做某事继续做某事”。【典例典例5 5】 I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused driver,but he refused (stop) until we reached t

25、he next (stop) until we reached the next stopstop.(2014.(2014新课标全国新课标全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to stopto stop根据语境可知根据语境可知, ,此处填动词不定式形式此处填动词不定式形式, ,作动词作动词refuserefuse的宾语。的宾语。refuse to do sth.refuse to do sth.意思是意思是“拒绝做某事拒绝做某事”。二轮二轮英语英语名师在线名师在线(1)(1)动词不定式和动词动词不定式和动词-ing-ing形式可用作句子的主语。动词不定式表示某一形式可用作句子的主语。动词不定式表示

26、某一 具体的、一次性的动作具体的、一次性的动作; ;动词动词-ing-ing形式表示抽象的、泛指的多次性动作形式表示抽象的、泛指的多次性动作, , 尤其是一般行为倾向。两者可位于句首尤其是一般行为倾向。两者可位于句首, ,也可用也可用itit作形式主语作形式主语, ,而把动而把动 词不定式或动词词不定式或动词-ing-ing形式置于后面。如形式置于后面。如: : Its not easy to work out the problem. Its not easy to work out the problem. 解决这一问题不容易。解决这一问题不容易。 Finding work is diff

27、icult these days.Finding work is difficult these days.近来找工作很难。近来找工作很难。 It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is no use crying over spilt milk. 打翻牛奶打翻牛奶, ,哭也没用。哭也没用。/ /覆水难收。覆水难收。二轮二轮英语英语(2)(2)动词不定式和动词动词不定式和动词-ing-ing形式可用作宾语。形式可用作宾语。afford,agree,ask,decide,desire,expect,fail,hope,manage,promise,affor

28、d,agree,ask,decide,desire,expect,fail,hope,manage,promise, pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish 等动词后要接动词不定式作宾语。如等动词后要接动词不定式作宾语。如: : He failed to attract her attention. He failed to attract her attention.他未能引起她的注意。他未能引起她的注意。admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjo

29、y,escape,admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape, excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist, excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist, suggest suggest等动词后要接动词等动词后要接动词-ing-ing形式作宾语。如形式作宾语。如: : I admit breaking the window. I admit breaking the window

30、.我承认打破了窗户。我承认打破了窗户。cant stand,give up,feel like,keep on,insist on,look forwardcant stand,give up,feel like,keep on,insist on,look forward to,put off,devote.to,object to,be busy,get down to,have to,put off,devote.to,object to,be busy,get down to,have difficulty/trouble (in),have a good/wonderful/hard

31、 time (in), difficulty/trouble (in),have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), have fun have fun等短语后要接动词等短语后要接动词-ing-ing形式作宾语。如形式作宾语。如: : He kept on smoking in spite of his doctors warning. He kept on smoking in spite of his doctors warning. 他不顾医生的警告还是继续抽烟。他不顾医生的警告还是继续抽烟。二轮二轮英语英语动词动词like,love,prefer,hate

32、,continue like,love,prefer,hate,continue 等后接动词不定式或动词等后接动词不定式或动词-ing-ing形式作形式作 宾语均可。但表示经常性的动作要用动词宾语均可。但表示经常性的动作要用动词-ing-ing形式形式, ,表示具体的行为要用动词表示具体的行为要用动词 不定式。如不定式。如: : I like swimming,but I dont like to swim this afternoon. I like swimming,but I dont like to swim this afternoon. 我喜欢游泳我喜欢游泳, ,但今天下午不想去。

33、但今天下午不想去。形容词形容词worthworth后要接动词后要接动词-ing-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如: : The Summer Palace is worth visiting. The Summer Palace is worth visiting. 颐和园值得一去。颐和园值得一去。介词后一般要接动词介词后一般要接动词-ing-ing形式作宾语。但介词形式作宾语。但介词but/exceptbut/except后通常接动词不定后通常接动词不定 式作宾语式作宾语, ,但如果前面有实义动词但如果前面有实义动词do,do,动词不定式就要省略动词不定式就

34、要省略toto。如。如: : Upon arriving at the airport,he delivered an important speech. Upon arriving at the airport,he delivered an important speech.一到一到 机场机场, ,他就发表了重要演讲。他就发表了重要演讲。 It has no choice but to lie down and sleep.It has no choice but to lie down and sleep. 别无选择别无选择, ,它只能躺下睡觉。它只能躺下睡觉。 We had nothi

35、ng to do but wait.We had nothing to do but wait. 除了等待除了等待, ,我们无事可做。我们无事可做。二轮二轮英语英语2.2.非谓语动词作表语非谓语动词作表语【典例典例1 1】 Our aim is to help them,not Our aim is to help them,not (teach) them a (teach) them a lesson.lesson.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to teachto teach根据语境可知根据语境可知, ,此处填动词不定式此处填动词不定式, ,和和to help to help themthe

36、m一起作表语。一起作表语。【典例典例2 2】 My job is My job is (teach).(teach).答案及剖析答案及剖析: :teachingteaching根据句意可知根据句意可知, ,此处填动词此处填动词-ing-ing形式形式, ,表示表示“教教书书”的概念。的概念。二轮二轮英语英语名师在线名师在线(1)(1)当动词当动词-ing-ing形式或过去分词作表语时形式或过去分词作表语时, ,它们大多数是已经形容词化的它们大多数是已经形容词化的 动词动词-ing-ing形式或过去分词形式或过去分词, ,而且大多数是与心理状态有联系的词。如而且大多数是与心理状态有联系的词。如:

37、 : The story sounds interesting. The story sounds interesting.那个故事听起来有趣。那个故事听起来有趣。 She is interested in the story.She is interested in the story.她对那个故事感兴趣。她对那个故事感兴趣。(2)(2)表示一般的概念时表示一般的概念时, ,动词不定式和动词动词不定式和动词-ing-ing形式可以互换形式可以互换, ,而表示具体而表示具体 的、个别的动作或有将来含义时的、个别的动作或有将来含义时, ,一般用动词不定式。如一般用动词不定式。如: : What

38、she likes is watching (to watch) children play. What she likes is watching (to watch) children play. 她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。 My wish is to become a good teacher.My wish is to become a good teacher. 我的愿望就是要当个好老师。我的愿望就是要当个好老师。二轮二轮英语英语3.3.非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词作定语【典例典例1 1】 Abercrombie & Kent,a travel

39、 company in Hong Kong,says Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it it regularlyregularly (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015(2015新课标全国新课标全国)答案及

40、剖析答案及剖析: :livingliving考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知, ,此处需此处需要填一个非谓语动词作后置定语要填一个非谓语动词作后置定语, ,修饰修饰peoplepeople。根据语境可知此处表示主。根据语境可知此处表示主动关系动关系, ,所以用动词所以用动词-ing-ing形式。形式。【典例典例2 2】 The adobe dwellings( The adobe dwellings(土坯房土坯房) ) (build) by the (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American South

41、west are admired by even Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even thethe most modern of architects and engineers.most modern of architects and engineers.(2015(2015新课标全国新课标全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :builtbuilt考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知, ,此处需此处需要填一个非谓语动词作后置定语修饰主语要填一个非谓语动词作后置定语修饰主语

42、The adobe dwellings,The adobe dwellings,根据语境根据语境可知此处表示被动关系可知此处表示被动关系, ,所以用过去分词。所以用过去分词。二轮二轮英语英语【典例典例3 3】 A A study of travelers study of travelers (conduct) by the website (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of th

43、e top 10 destinations in the worldthe world.(2015.(2015新课标全国新课标全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :conductedconducted考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知, ,此此处需要填一个非谓语动词作后置定语处需要填一个非谓语动词作后置定语, ,修饰修饰studystudy。根据语境可知此处表示。根据语境可知此处表示被动关系被动关系, ,所以用过去分词。所以用过去分词。【典例典例4 4】 I have a lot of housework I have a lot of housework

44、(do).(do).答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to doto do分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,此处应该填非谓语动词此处应该填非谓语动词, ,根据语境根据语境可知可知, ,此处表示将来的动作此处表示将来的动作, ,因此用动词不定式因此用动词不定式, ,在句中作后置定语在句中作后置定语, ,修饰修饰houseworkhousework。二轮二轮英语英语【典例典例5 5】 He was the best man He was the best man (do) the job.(do) the job.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to doto do名词被形容词最高级修饰名词被形容词最高级修

45、饰, ,用动词不定式作后置定语。用动词不定式作后置定语。【典例典例6 6】 He was always the first He was always the first (come) to the (come) to the classroom.classroom.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to cometo come被修饰词是序数词时被修饰词是序数词时, ,用动词不定式作后置定语。用动词不定式作后置定语。二轮二轮英语英语名师在线名师在线(1)(1)如果非谓语动词所表示的动作是其所修饰的名词或代词发出的如果非谓语动词所表示的动作是其所修饰的名词或代词发出的, ,一般一般 用现在分词用现在分词

46、, ,表主动、表进行表主动、表进行; ;如果非谓语动词所表示的动作是其所如果非谓语动词所表示的动作是其所 修饰的名词或代词承受的修饰的名词或代词承受的, ,一般用过去分词一般用过去分词, ,表被动、表完成表被动、表完成; ;(2)(2)在在have sth. to dohave sth. to do结构中结构中, ,如果动词如果动词havehave的主语是动词不定式的逻的主语是动词不定式的逻 辑主语辑主语, ,动词不定式用主动形式动词不定式用主动形式, ,表达被动含义表达被动含义; ;(3)(3)在被序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后作后置定语在被序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后作后置定语, ,

47、用动词不定式。用动词不定式。二轮二轮英语英语4.4.非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语【典例典例1 1】 Storms swept along New Mexicos border with Texas Storms swept along New Mexicos border with Texas on Friday, on Friday, (destroy) homes and other buildings and (destroy) homes and other buildings and injuring.injuring.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :destroyingdestroy

48、ingdestroydestroy的逻辑主语为的逻辑主语为storms,storms,两者之间表示主两者之间表示主动关系动关系, ,因此用动词因此用动词-ing-ing形式形式, ,在句中作结果状语。在句中作结果状语。【典例典例2 2】 He got up early He got up early (catch) the first bus.(catch) the first bus.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to catchto catch分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,此处应该填非谓语动词。根据此处应该填非谓语动词。根据语境用动词不定式作目的状语。语境用动词不定式作目的状语。【典例

49、典例3 3】 (found) in the early 20th century,the school (found) in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :FoundedFounded分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,此处应该填非谓语动词作状语此处应该填非谓语动词作状语, ,根据语境可知根据语境可知, ,动词动词foundfound与逻辑主语与逻辑主语the sch

50、oolthe school之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, ,所以用所以用过去分词。过去分词。二轮二轮英语英语【典例典例4 4】 They are very excited They are very excited (see) the ceremony with (see) the ceremony with their own eyes instead of on TV.Some even have been planting this their own eyes instead of on TV.Some even have been planting this dream in the

51、ir minds for years.dream in their minds for years.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to seeto see此处需要填动词不定式作状语此处需要填动词不定式作状语, ,表示原因表示原因, ,构成构成be+adj.be+adj.+to do+to do结构。结构。【典例典例5 5】 Kenya wants to move on quickly.Chinese companies are easyKenya wants to move on quickly.Chinese companies are easy (deal) with and they do

52、not take a long time to process (deal) with and they do not take a long time to process things.things.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to dealto dealeasyeasy是表示特征的形容词是表示特征的形容词, ,后面用动词不定式主动形式后面用动词不定式主动形式表达被动含义。表达被动含义。【典例典例6 6】 He got in touch with some of his colleagues through the He got in touch with some of his colle

53、agues through the Internet,Internet, (ask) them to search for specialists who could (ask) them to search for specialists who could help.help.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :askingasking分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,此处应用非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词。askask与主语与主语hehe之间为主动关系之间为主动关系, ,因此用动词因此用动词-ing-ing形式形式, ,在句中作伴随状语。在句中作伴随状语。 二轮二轮英语英语【典例典例7 7】

54、The headmaster went into the lab, The headmaster went into the lab,(follow) by (follow) by the foreign guests.the foreign guests.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :followedfollowed分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,句中已有谓语句中已有谓语went,went,而而followfollow又不是其并列谓语又不是其并列谓语, ,所以此处应该填非谓语动词。又因动词所以此处应该填非谓语动词。又因动词followfollow与句子与句子逻辑主语逻辑主语the head

55、masterthe headmaster之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, ,所以用过去分词所以用过去分词, ,表被动。表被动。二轮二轮英语英语名师在线名师在线(1)(1)动词动词-ing-ing形式作状语形式作状语, ,动作是主语发出的动作是主语发出的; ;过去分词作状语时过去分词作状语时, ,过去分过去分 词的动作与主语之间在逻辑上为动宾关系词的动作与主语之间在逻辑上为动宾关系, ,即为被动含义即为被动含义; ;(2)(2)动词不定式常用来作目的状语动词不定式常用来作目的状语, ,意思是意思是“为了为了, ,以便以便”; ;(3)(3)动词动词-ing-ing形式作结果状语时形式作结果状语时,

56、 ,常表示自然而然的结果常表示自然而然的结果, ,而动词不定式作而动词不定式作 结果状语时结果状语时, ,常表示一种出乎意料的结果常表示一种出乎意料的结果; ;(4)(4)形容词后常接动词不定式作状语形容词后常接动词不定式作状语, ,表示原因、目的等。另外表示原因、目的等。另外, ,要特别注要特别注 意表示性质、特征的形容词后接动词不定式时意表示性质、特征的形容词后接动词不定式时, ,动词不定式用主动形动词不定式用主动形 式表达被动含义。式表达被动含义。二轮二轮英语英语5.5.非谓语动词作补语非谓语动词作补语【典例典例1 1】 When he woke up,John found himsel

57、f When he woke up,John found himself (lie) in (lie) in hospital.hospital.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :lyinglyinglielie的逻辑主语为的逻辑主语为 himself,himself,两者之间为主动关系两者之间为主动关系, ,因此用动词因此用动词-ing-ing形式形式, ,在句中作宾语补足语在句中作宾语补足语, ,构成构成“find+find+宾语宾语+ +宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构。结构。【典例典例2 2】 Before driving into the city,you are required to get

58、your carBefore driving into the city,you are required to get your car (wash).(wash).答案及剖析答案及剖析: :washedwashed分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知, ,此处应该填非谓语动词作宾语补足语此处应该填非谓语动词作宾语补足语, ,由由于动词于动词washwash与宾语与宾语your caryour car之间为逻辑上的动宾关系之间为逻辑上的动宾关系, ,所以用过去分词所以用过去分词, ,构成构成“get get sth. donesth. done”结构。结构。【典例典例3 3】 Passenger

59、s are permitted Passengers are permitted (carry) only one piece of (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.hand luggage onto the plane.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :to carryto carrypermit sb. to do sth.permit sb. to do sth.意为意为“允许某人做某事允许某人做某事”。本句。本句中将中将sb.sb.提前作主语提前作主语, ,构成被动结构构成被动结构, ,即即sb.be permitte

60、d to do sth.sb.be permitted to do sth.因此此处用动因此此处用动词不定式词不定式, ,作主语补足语。作主语补足语。二轮二轮英语英语名师在线名师在线 掌握跟非谓语动词形式作补语的动词的意义和用法。掌握跟非谓语动词形式作补语的动词的意义和用法。 (1)tell,want,wish,advise,order,get,require,expect,remind,persuade,(1)tell,want,wish,advise,order,get,require,expect,remind,persuade, encourage,convince,force,beg,allow,f