北师大版八年级上册英语Unit6词汇和语法基础(解析版)

1、北师大版八年级上册英语Unit 6词汇和语法基础（解析版）人度知识图谱 Q近知识精讲一、必背词汇unexplained adj.原因不详的；未说明的 monster n.怪物 UFO n.不明飞行物unusual adj.特别的，不寻常的strange adj.奇怪的；奇特的creature n. 生物；动物natural adj.天生的；自然的sense n. 感官；感觉；意识 v.感觉到smell v.闻到 n.气味taste v.尝n.味道；滋味touch v.摸amazing adj. 令人惊奇的relax v.放松，休息disappear v.消失，不见search v.搜索，搜寻y

2、ard n. 院子；码fence n.篱笆，围栏strangely adv.异常地，奇怪地noise n.声响；吵闹声wake v.醒来；唤醒hairy adj.多毛的scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的scared adj.害怕的，恐惧的throw v.扔，投newspaper n.报纸sailor n. 水手，海员 row v.划船 n. 一排，一行 boat n.小船，划艇toward prep.朝，向，接近dive v.跳水，潜水side n. 边缘；一边，一侧imaginary adj.想象中的，虚构的might v.可能；可以prove v.证明，证实brain n.月百asleep

3、 adj.睡着的probably adv.很可能human n.人common adj. 普通的，常见的realise v.意识至L领会radio n.无线电广播pyjama n. 睡衣裤二、重点词汇1. unexplained adjective /?n?k?sple?nd/Unexplained events, behaviour, etc. are ones for which people do not know or understand the reason.(事件、行为等)未说明的，未解释的，原因不详的例句：He was shot dead earlier this year i

4、n unexplained circumstances.他在今年早些时候莫名其妙地被人开枪打死了。The city's water supply has been cut for unexplained reasons.城市的供水被莫名其妙地切断了。2. disappear verb /?d?s?p?r/If people or things disappear, they go somewhere where they cannot be seen or found.消失；失踪例句：I can't find my keys anywhere - they've com

5、pletely disappeared.我怎么也找不到自己的钥匙它们彻底不见了。The sun disappeared behind a cloud.太阳躲到了云彩的后面。3. search verb /s?t?/1) . to look somewhere carefully in order to find something搜查；搜索例句：The police searched the woods for the missing boy.警察在树林中搜寻失踪的孩子。He searched (in/through) his pockets for some change.他翻遍口袋想找些零

6、钱。2) . to look for information on a computer, the internet, etc.(在计算机，互联网上)搜索例句：I searched the internet for the best deal.我在互联网上搜索最好的交易。4. prove verb /pru?v/1) . to show a particular result after a period of time证明是，结果是例句：The operation proved a complete success.这一手术结果大获成功。The dispute over the song r

7、ights proved impossible to resolve.结果是，有关歌曲版权的争执根本无法解决。2) . to show that something is true证明，证实例句：Computers have been used to prove mathematical theorems.计算机被用于证明数学定理。That theory was proved false.那个理论被证实是错误的。5. sense noun /sens/1) . an ability to understand, recognize, value, or react to something,

8、especially any of the five physical abilities to see, hear, smell, taste, and feel官能；感觉；知觉(尤指视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉)例句：With her excellent sense of smell, she could tell if you were a smoker from the other side of the room.她嗅觉灵敏，在房间的另一端就能知道你是否抽烟。My cold is so bad I've lost my sense of smell/taste.我感冒很严重，

9、闻不到任何气味了/尝不出任何味道了。2) . a general feeling or understanding总体感觉；领悟；理解例句：Did you get any sense of how they might react?你预感他们会作何反应？The helicopters hovering overhead added to the sense of urgency.头顶盘旋的直升机加重了紧迫感。3) . one of the possible meanings of a word or phrase 含义，意义例句：This passage doesn't make (a

10、ny) sense.这篇文章意义不明确。I've read the letter twice, but I can't make (any) sense of it.我把信读了两遍，但还是不解其意。6. imaginary adjective /?m?d?n?ri/Something that is imaginary is created by and exists only in the mind.想象中的；虚构的例句：As a child I had an imaginary friend.小时候我有个想象中的朋友叫波莉。The story is set in an im

11、aginary world.故事发生在一个虚构的世界中。7. relax verb /r?l?ks/to (cause someone to) become less active and more calm and happy, or to (cause a part of the body to) become less stiff (使)放松，(使)轻松；(使身体部位)松弛，放松例句：After work she relaxed with a cup of tea and the newspaper.下班后，她喝杯茶读着报纸放松放松。A good massage will relax y

12、our tired muscles.好好按摩一下会使你疲劳的肌肉放松。8. natural adjective UK /?n?t?r?l/1) . as found in nature and not involving anything made or done by people天然的，非人为的；非人造的例句：He died from natural causes (= because he was old or ill).他是自然死亡。Floods and earthquakes are natural disasters.洪水和地震是自然灾害。2) . A natural abilit

13、y or characteristic is one that you were born with.(能力)天生的；(特性)固有的例句：She's a natural blonde.她天生一头金发。All of this with only natural talent.所有这一切只在于他的自然天赋9. touch verb /t?t?/1) . to put your hand or another part of your body lightly onto and off something or someone碰，触摸例句：That paint is wet - don

14、9;t touch (it).那块油漆没干别碰(它)。He touched the girl on the arm to get her attention.他碰了碰女孩的胳膊以引起她的注意。2) . to influence someone or something emotionally, or cause feelings of sympathy in someone疝动，感动例句：Tragedy touched their lives when their son was 16.他们儿子16岁那年，他们的生活中发生了悲剧。The TV report about the children

15、's work for charity touched thousands of people's hearts.电视上报道的孩子们为慈善团体所做的事令成千上万的人深受触动。10. realize verb UK usually realise /?r?la?z/1) . to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly 明白； 认识至ij ； 意识至U例句：They didn't realize the danger they were in.他们没有意识到自己身处危险之中。I realize how difficult it

16、's going to be, but we must try.我知道这有多困难，但我们必须试一试。2) . to achieve something you were hoping for实现；使变为事实；使发生例句：Ten years later her worst fears were realized.10年后，她最害怕的事情发生了。At last she realized her dream of becoming an actress.她最终实现了当演员的梦想。11. scared adjective UK /ske?d/1) . frightened or worried

17、惊恐的，恐惧的，害怕的例句：He's scared of spiders.他害怕蜘蛛。I'm scared of telling her what really happened.我害怕告诉她事情的真相。三、必背短语2. wake up叫醒；醒来4. run after 跟着-跑6. take out 拿出8. come up 出现，发生10. fall asleep 入睡12. wake up 醒来14. in fact实际上16. per hour 每小时18. get hurt 受伤1. in fact事实上，实际上3. right now 现在；立刻，马上5. run

18、away 逃走7. make noises 发出响声9. put on 穿上11. make friends with 和交朋友13. grow up长大，成长15. off course 偏离轨道，离开航线17. again and again 再三地，反复地19. on the other side 在另一边四、经典句型1. Last summer, Tom and his family were returning from a trip when their dog disappeared.去年夏天，汤姆和他的家人旅行回来的途中他们的狗失踪了。2. He ran after it an

19、d disappeared.他追着它（兔子）跑，然后就失踪了。3. We searched for him for hours.我们找了他好几个小时。4. Pang said he was about two metres tall with long arms.庞（先生）说他大约两米高，胳膊长长的。5. It came toward the boat, dived under it and came up on the other side after some time.它（巨蛇）朝着船游过来。潜入船底过了此时候，又从船的另一边钻出来。 1正三点剖析一、考点1 .掌握本课核心词汇和固定搭配

20、。2 .过去进行时用法（二）when和while引导的时间状语从句中过去进行时的使用when既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间，其从句谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的、非 延续性的，也可以是延续性的；while指一段时间，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。即：指一段时间时，when可用while来代替；指一点时间时，when不能用 while来代替。1） . when（1） .表明一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在进行之中。例句：When the teacher came into the classroom , we were reading English.当老师走进教室时，我们正在读

21、英语。（2） .表明当某一动作正在进行时，另一动作发生了。例句：When Kate was flying a kite, she found a wallet lying on the ground.凯特正在放风筝时，她发现地上有个钱包。注：当when从句放在主句之后时，它更强调某一动作的突然性，此时的when相当于and then ,and suddenly , just at that time 。例句：We were watching TV when the telephone rang.我们正在看电视，（突然）电话铃响了。The boys were playing football w

22、hen it began to rain.男孩子们正在踢球时，（不料）开始下雨了。5 / 16北师大版八年级上册英语Unit 6词汇和语法基础(解析版)2） . while(1) .表示某个动作正在进行的同时，另一动作也在进行之中，这时主从句都用进行时态，有 对同类的两个动作进行对比的意味。例句：While I was playing the piano, she was dancing.我在弹钢琴，她在跳舞。While Jim is picking apples, Kate is carrying apples to the truck.吉姆正在摘苹果，凯特正在把苹果搬到卡车上去。(2) .

23、表示某个动作正在进行时，又发生了另一动作(该动作用一般过去时)。例句：While I was reading , I fell asleep.我读着读着就睡着了。While we were swimming in the river, we saw a fish jump out of the water.我们正在河中游泳时，看见一条鱼跃出了水面。例题：he woke up, his mom was doing the housework.A. beforeB. afterC. whenD. while【答案】C【解析】考查连词用法。根据句意：当他醒的时候，他的妈妈正在做家务。又因为 wake

24、 up是瞬时性动 词，因此用 when。故选Co二、易错点asleep, sleep 和 sleepy 区另1J1. sleepy是形容词，意为 想睡的，困乏的”，可用作定语或表语。例句：He goes to bed very late every day, so he often feels sleepy.他每天睡得很迟，因此经常感到困乏。2. sleep既作动词，又作名词。例句：He had a good sleep last night.=He slept very well last night.昨晚他睡了个好觉。3. asleep作形容词时意为睡着的”，用作表语，常用短语为 fall

25、 asleep,意为 入睡”。例句：He was very tired and was fast asleep.他很累，很快就睡着了。例题：Oh, I feel very. I want to go to bed.A. asleepB. sleepyC. sleepingD. sleep【答案】B【解析】考查连词用法。根据句意：我感觉太困了，我想去睡觉。 asleep睡着的；sleepy困的；sleep睡觉。 故选Bo这题模精选题模一：Unit6词汇应用例 1.1.1 Mom is making dinner. It so nice!A.smellsB.tastesC.feelsD.sound

26、s例1.1.2根据括号提示填空1) . There are many (虚构的)thing in the cartoons.2) . There are many (explain) things in the world.题模二：过去进行时例 1.2.1 We were having class it began to snow.A.afterB.whileC.when例1.2.2根据中文提示完成句子1) .昨天晚上八点这个公园旁正在发生什么事？by the park at eight last night.2) .他说他在在寻找那个丢失的小男孩。He said he the lost bo

27、y.电随堂练习随练 1.1 The music so sweet that the girl loses in it.A.hears; herB.sounds; herselfC.sounds; herD.hears; herself随练 1.2 The river is about 10.A.deep meterB.deep metersC.meter deepD.meters deep随练 1.3 He is very friendly. You can make friends him.A.forB.ofC.withD.beforeD.at随练1.4根据括号提示或首字母完成句子1. Do

28、n't (扔) these dirty things here and there. It's not polite.2. Cats are a kind of (多毛的) animals.3. When we are (睡着的) ,we usually have some dreams.4. At last he (意识至 U) that he made a serious mistake.5. They got (scare)when they saw something strange in the forest.6. He threw a stone at the st

29、range man, and he (hurt).7. It's very difficult (prove) how and why we dream.8. He seems (worry ) about what happened just now.随练1.5单词拼写(1)She looked round when she heard so much( 噪音)behind her.(2)The children are(呼喊)with excitement on the playground.(3)She feels(孤独的)because she has no friend he

30、re.随练1.6翻译句子我叫醒了大明，让他早点起床.I Daming and asked him to get up early.(2)学生们在高兴地交谈的时候，老师走进了教室.The students happily when the teacher the classroom.7 / 16北师大版八年级上册英语Unit 6词汇和语法基础（解析版）(3)事实上,它只是在20世纪80年代才变得重要起来., it only became important.随练 1.7 -Jane, did you see our math teacher pass by just now?-No, I a b

31、ook.A.was readingB.readC.am readingD.would read随练 1.8 -I phoned you at 4: 00 yesterday afternoon, but nobody answered me.-Sorry. I the flowers in the garden at that time.A.was wateringB.am wateringC.waterD.will water总能力拓展D.feelD.toD.Though拓展 1 The running water makes the stones very smooth.A.soundB.

32、tasteC.smell拓展 2 I sometimes help my mom with her housework Saturdays.A.atB.inC.on拓展 3 you smile at others, they will smile back.A.BeforeB.WhenC.Until拓展4根据中文提示完成句子1 .当天色渐黑起来，我感到很害怕。When it dark, I felt scared.2 .我有时梦见我在天空中飞翔。I sometimes flying in the sky.3 .事实上，杰克以前从未来过这儿。, Jack has never been here

33、before.4 .我现在想告诉你一些事情。I want to tell you something.5 .我妈妈太累了，她一会儿就睡着了。My mother was too tired and soon he.拓展5选词填空put out, take care of, go out, get down, come out of (1)She turned off the light before she.(2)My brother wanted me to help him his cat when he wasn't at home.(3)He the fire with the

34、help of his friends.(4)The poor boy climbed to the top of the tree but couldn't from the tree.(5)When we the restaurant last night, we saw some smoke.拓展6 句型转换(1)I could ride a bike two years ago.(同义句)I ride a bike two years ago.(2)She was in hospital for 2weeks.(对划线部分提问) she in hospital?(3)He co

35、uld use chopsticks when he was three.(改为否定句 ) He chopsticks when he was three.拓展7 完形填空Kangaroos are one of the most famous symbols of Australia. Most Australians love the lovely animals verymuch. Two Australians are 1 them. They had their pet kangaroo as a bridesmaid( 伴娘)on their wedding2 not long a

36、go.The Australian couple are Gilly Richardson and John Hughes, and 3 kangaroo is called Zoe. Last year,Zoe 4 her mom in the Black Saturday bushfire( 林区大火 ).Many people 5 in the bushfire. A lot ofAustralian 6 such as kangaroos and koalas lost their lives, too.7, Zoe was found by Gilly and John near t

37、heir house in the countryside. Knowing that the little kangaroo might die within days 8 no one took care of her, they decided to take Zoe home. The couple triedtheir best to look after Zoe and soon she became their beloved "daughter".Zoe took part in her"9"wedding on their family

38、 farm and two year old Zoe was the focus at the wedding. It was fun to see little Zoe 10 happily here and there.A. betweenB. amongC. ofD.fromA. hourB. dayC. weekD.monthA. hisB. herC. itsD.theirA. metB. foundC. lostD.leftA. diedB. workedC. livedD.slept(6)A. animalsB. volunteersC. firemenD.kidsA. Unha

39、ppilyB. CarelesslyC. LuckilyD.Quickly(8)A. butB. andC. soD.ifA. friends'B. daughter'sC. teachers'D.parents'(10)A. singB. danceC. jumpD.fly拓展8 阅读理解You may know the English letters A, B and C. But do you know there are people called ABCs?Do you know there is such a thing as "a ban

40、ana person"?How strange! ABC means American born Chinese. An ABC is a Chinese, but was born in the United States. Sometimes, people call an ABC a "banana person". A banana is yellow outside. So, when a person is a "banana", he or she is white inside thinking like a Westerner

41、 and yellow outside 一looking like a Chinese.Usually, ABCs know little about China or the Chinese language. Some of them don't speak Chinese. But if ABCs cannot speak Chinese, can we still call them Chinese people?Yes, of course. They are overseas（海夕卜的） Chinese. These people may be citizens（公民）of

42、 another country like the US, Canada or Singapore. But they have Chinese blood（血统）.Their parents, grandparents or even great grandparents were from China. They all have black eyes and black hair.But they are not Chinese citizens. They are people of the People's Republic of China. For example, we

43、 all know the famous pop singer Leehom Wang （王力宏）.Chinese people love him, especially young people. But he is an American citizen."ABCs" in this passage means.A. three English letters B. a kind of banana C. Chinese born in America D. Americans born in China （2）Chinese in Western countries

44、are called "banana persons" because. A. their bodies are white inside but yellow outside B. they think like Westerners but look like a Chinese C. they were born in China but go to study in America D. they like to eat bananas（3）Which of the sentences is WRONG about ABCs?A. They are Chinese

45、citizens.B. They are overseas Chinese.C. They may speak little Chinese.D. ABCs may know little about China.（4）This passage mainly talks about. A. different kinds of bananasB. overseas ChineseC. the Nobel PrizeD. the story of Leehom Wang.拓展9书面表达我推荐李雷为本年度的最乐于助人学生奖的获得者他聪明，勤奋，学得快，擅长语数外.他乐于助人，考虑周到，具有团队合作

46、精神上周日下午李雷和他的同学们在公园里玩，救了一个落水的小女孩.李雷很开心，他说我们应该互相帮助我们认为李雷应该得到这个奖，盼望收到你的来信.Dear Sir or Madam :Yours faithfully.10 / 16北师大版八年级上册英语Unit 6词汇和语法基础(解析版)答案解析电题模精选题模一：Unit6词汇应用例 1.1.1【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意：妈妈正在做饭闻起来好香。smell闻起来；taste尝起来；feel摸起来;sound听起来。故选Ao例 1.1.2【答案】1) . imaginary2) . unexplained【解析】考查本课重点核心词汇，

47、根据提示和语境，填出相应单词及其适当形式。题模二：过去进行时例 1.2.1【答案】C【解析】考查连词用法。根据句意：开始下雪时，我们正在上课。begin为瞬时性动词，故用when,故选C。例 1.2.2【答案】1) . What happened2) . was looking for【解析】考查本课重点短语和句型，注意动词单复数和固定搭配。随堂练习随练1.1【答案】B【解析】考查词汇辨析。根据句意：这个音乐听起来如此甜美，以至于这个女孩沉迷其中。lose oneself in陶醉于，沉迷于。故选 B。随练1.2【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配用法。ten meters deep十米深。故选 D

48、。随练1.3【答案】C【解析】考查情固定搭配。make friends with sb.做朋友，故选 C。随练1.4【答案】1. throw2. hairy3. asleep4. realized5. scared6. was hurt7. to prove8. to worry【解析】考查本课重点词汇。根据提示填出对应单词，注意词的正确形式。随练1.5【答案】(1)noise(2)shouting(3)lonely【解析】(1)noise.根据题干 She looked round when she heard so much (噪音)behind her.可知句意为：当 她听到身后有这么多

49、噪音时，她环顾了一下四周.so much表示如此多的，后面一般跟不可数名词，noise,名词，噪音.(2)shouting根据提示，推测意思是孩子们正在操场上激动地呼喊.故时态是现在进行时，结构是 am/is/are+doing,呼喊的英语是 shout.(3)lonely根据提示，推测意思是在这里因为她没有朋友，所以感觉孤独.英语是lonely,指情感上的孤独，前面是系动词feel,后接形容词.随练1.6【答案】(1)woke up(2)were talking; came into(3)In face; in the 1980s【解析】(1)woke up.首先通过中英文句子的比对 ，可知

50、英文句子中缺少"叫醒”的表达.短语"叫醒”的英文表 达是：wake up.本题中，由于句子表述的是发生在过去的事情 ，所以用一般过去时，构成是：主语+动词过去 式，wake的过去式是 woke,(2)were talking; came into.考查汉译英.句意：学生们在高兴地交谈的时候，老师走进了教室.根据汉语句子可知句子为when引导的时间状语从句.主句是过去进行时，构成：was或were+doing.主语是复数，所以用 were. 交谈talking. 从句用般过去时 .走进教室 came into the classroom.(3)In face; in the

51、1980s.考查汉译英.句意：事实上，它只是在20世纪80年代才变得重要起来.根据汉语句 子，可知事实上的英语表达是In face;在20世纪80年代的英语表达是in the 1980s.随练1.7【答案】A【解析】考查时态辨析用法。根据句意：我没有看到，我刚在看书。可知要用过去进行时，故选Ao随练1.8【答案】A【解析】考查时态辨析。根据答句：不好意思，当时我在花园浇花。应用过去进行时，故选Ao度能力拓展拓展1【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意：流水使石头摸起来很光滑。sound听起来；taste尝起来；smell闻起来；feel摸起来。故选 Do拓展2【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。

52、on Saturday在周六，故选C。拓展3【答案】B【解析】考查连词用法。根据句意：当你对其他人微笑，其它人也会对你微笑。before在之前；when当时候；until直到时；though尽管。故选 B。拓展4【答案】1. was getting2. dream about3. In fact4. right now5. was asleep【解析】考查本课中重点表达，注意时态，固定搭配和单复数问题。拓展5【答案】(1)went out(2)take care of(3)put out(4)get down(5)came out of【解析】(1)went out考查动词，分析句子，结合选词

53、，推测意思是她出去之前把灯关了.前面时态是一般过去时.(2)take care of考查动词，分析句子，结合选词，推测意思是我哥哥不在家的时候要我帮他照看他的猫.结合help 的用法,即 help sb. dosth.(3)put out考查动词，分析句子，结合选词，推测意思是他在朋友们的帮助下扑灭了火.根据语境，时态是一般过去时.(4)get down考查动词，分析句子，结合选词，推测意思是这个可怜的男孩爬上了树顶，但没法从机下来.前面是情态动词，后接动词原形.(5)came out of考查动词，分析句子，结合选词，推测意思是昨天晚上我们从餐馆出来时，看到了一些烟.后面时态是一般过去时.拓

54、展6【答案】was able to(2)How long was(3)could not use【解析】(1)was able to.考查同义句.can=be able to都是"能"的意思.由two years ago两年前，可知，一般过 去时态，主语I我.用be动词am的过去式was.(2)How long was.考查划线部分提问.根据for 2 weeks两个星期.可知，对一段时间提问，用疑问词组how long多长时间.后跟一般疑问句，be动词was提前.(3)could not use.考查否定句.含有情态动词 could的句子，变否定句在could后加not.

55、谓语动词用原形 use 使用.拓展7【答案】BBDDA ACDDC【解析】(1)B考查介词，A. between在和之间(两者)B. among在之中(两者以上)C. of的D. from从，根 据前文Most Australians,可知是很多澳大利亚人，结合题干："两个澳大利亚人就在其中".(2)B考查名词，A. hour小时 B. day天 C. week周 D. month月，根据on their wedding,可知是指在婚礼那天 . (3)D考查代词,A. his他的B. her她的 C. its它的 D. their他们的,根据kangaroo is call

56、ed Zoe,结合前文The Australian couple,可知是这对夫妇的袋鼠 .(4)D 考查动词，A. met 遇到 B. found 发现 C. lost 失去 D. left 离开，根据 Zoe was found by Gilly and John near their house in the countryside, 可知 Zoe 离开了她的妈妈.(5)A 考查动词,A. died 死亡 B. worked 工作 C. lived 居住 D. slept 睡觉，根据 Many people irthe bushfire, 可知很多人在大火中死亡.(6)A 考查名词，A. animals 动物 B. volunteers 志愿者 C. firemen 消防员 D. kids 孩子，根据 such as kangaroos and koalas lost their lives, too,可知说的是很多澳大利亚动物C考查副词，A. Unhappily不开心'地 B. Carelessly粗心地 C. Luckily幸运地 D. Quickly快速地，根据Zoe was found by Gilly and John near their house in the cou