直接引语变间接引语

1、直接引语和间接引语复习直接引语和间接引语 1,直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语; 2,用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。3,直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。一、如何变人称： 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。1，随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. My brother wants to go with me.

2、She said (that) her brother wanted to go with her. They said: “We will go there by bus.” The said (that) they will go there by bus. 2.“随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称,或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如： He said to Kate. How is your sister now?”He asked Kate how her sister was then。My mother often says

3、to me:“ You have to work hard at your lessons.”My mother often tells me I have to work hard at my lessons. 3.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr Smith said: “Jack is a good worker。”Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。His mother said to me: “ He cant go to school.”His m

4、other told me he couldnt go to school. 二、如何变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 一般现在时-过去时态；一般过去时-过去完成时；一般将来时-过去将来时；现在进行时-过去进行时；现在完成时-过去完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。 1)She said. I live in Paris.”She said she lived in Paris .2)He said : I am reading a book now.”He said he was reading a book then.”3) She said. He will g

5、o to see his friend.”She said he would go to see his friend. 4)Rose said: “I have already seen the movie.” Rose said she had already seen the movie.5)He said: I went to New York last week.” He said he had gone to New York the week before.6)He said : “I had already eaten .” He said he had already eat

6、en.7)He said : “I am going to find a new job .” He said he was going to find a new job .注:以下几种情况,直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化 直接引语是客观真理。 The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.” the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the e

7、arth。 直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He said, I get up at six every morning。 He said he gets up at six every morning。 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 2l, 1980。 Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 三、如何变状语 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语now-th

8、en, yesterday-the day beforethis week (month ,year, etc)-that week (month ),She asked :“What are you going to do next week?” She asked what I was going to do the next week.地点状语，尤表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”this -that(由“此”改为“彼”),these-those, herethere,如： He said, These books are mine. He said those b

9、ooks were his. 动词：come-goShe said :“Come here,please.” She told to us go there.四、如何变句型 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said( that) their bus would arrive in five minutes. He said :“I like watching TV very much.”He said (that) he liked watching TV v

10、ery much.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, Can you swim, John? He asked John if /whether he could swim. She asked :“Did you go home？” She asked me if/whether I had gone home.Do you go to school by bus or by bike? He asked me whether I went to school by bus or by bike.(选择疑

11、问句变为whether.or 宾语从句) 直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. He asked :“Where are you from？” He asked me where I was from.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。如： Dont make

12、 any noise, she said to the children.” She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. She said Bring me a cup of tea, please. said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. The teacher said to the boy, Open the window.“The teacher told the boy to open the window. 注：直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为

13、间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从句）。”如： He said, Lets go to the film.“ He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 直接引语变间接引语练习题1She said: “He will be busy.” -She said that he would be busy. 2She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”-She asked Tom if /whether he could help her

14、. 3She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” -She asked me whether that book was mine or his. 4The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”-The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. 1. “I am good at English ,” Lucy said.2. “Li Lei is reading a book,” Peter said to Lucy.3. “We will have a football mat

15、ch,” he told his mother.Lucy said she was good at English.Peter told Lucy that Li Lei was reading a book.He told his mother they would have a football match tomorrow.4. “They go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday,” the boy said.5. Cousin Sue said, “Im sorry I didnt have time to come over

16、 and visit last Saturday.”The boy said they went to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.Cousin Sue said she was sorry she hadnt had time to come over and visit the previous Saturday.5The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” -The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.6The bo

17、y said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”-The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day 7He said to me, “I was born in 1978.” -He told me that he was born in 1978. 8She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.”-She told us she would come here tomorrow 9“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.-The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived. 10“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. -The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than s