牛津英语模块七第三单元所有知识点详解1

1、Unit 3 The world onlineWelcome to the unitLanguage Points1. Search for information on a variety of topics. (P33) 就各种话题搜索信息。searchverb 1) I or T to look somewhere carefully in order to find sth.:The police searched the woods for the missing boy.She searched his face for some sign of forgiveness, but

2、it remained expressionless. 2) I to try to find the answer to a problem:Philosophers have searched for millennia but they haven't found the meaning of life.3) T A police officer who searches you or your possessions looks for sth. you might be hiding:The men were searched for drugs and then relea

3、sed.a variety ofvarietynoun 1) C a different type of sth.:The article was about the different varieties of Spanish spoken in South America.This variety of rose is especially hardy and drought-resistant.Our supermarket stocks apples in several different varieties.2) S many different types of things o

4、r people:She does a variety of fitness activities.The equipment could be used for a variety of educational purposes.Manufacturers need large sales to justify offering a big variety in export markets.2. Keep in touch with family members wherever you are in the world. (P33)无论你在世界的任何地方读可以与家人保持联系。wherev

5、er1) adv., conj.to or in any or every place:We can go wherever you like.Wherever I go I always seem to bump into him.All across Europe, wherever you look, marriage is in decline and divorce rates are soaring. 2) adverbused instead of 'where' to add emphasis to a phrase, usually expressing su

6、rprise:Wherever did you find that hat!Wherever did you get that idea!Wherever does he get the money from to go on all these exotic journeys?ReadingPart A1. They are about different effects of the Internet on our lives. 2. Two.3. Uncontrolled information and the change in the way people spend their t

7、ime.Part C1A F A F F APart C2ü The Internet is a great help to people who are in need of various information.ü People use the Internet to build social ties. ü The amount of false information on the Internet becomes more of a problem every day. ü Spending too much time building re

8、lationships on the Internet can damage peoples abilities to live normal lives.Language Points1. That is to say, I believe that the Internet has positive effects on our lives. (P34) 也就是说，我相信因特网对我们的生活产生正面的影响。effect1) the result of a particular influence: n. C or U The radiation leak has had a disastro

9、us effect on/upon the environment.I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any effect.2) use: noun U The present system of payment will remain in effect (= be used) until the end of the rental agreement.When do the new driving laws come into effect?2. The first is its value f

10、or people who are looking for information. (P34) 第一是因特网对于搜索信息的人具有的价值。 valuen. 1) S or U the importance or worth of something for someone:For them, the house's main value lay in its quiet country location.They are known to place/put/set a high value on good presentation.2) U how useful or importa

11、nt sth. is:The photos are of immense historical value.His contribution was of little or no practical value.3) the amount of money which can be received for sth.:She had already sold everything of value that she possessed.What is the value of the prize?3. These statistics prove that gathering informa

12、tion is the primary use for the Internet.primary a) usually before noun most important/main Our primary concern is to provide the refugees with food and healthcare.primary purpose/aim/objective Their primary objective is to make money.Personal safety is of primary importance=is primarily important o

13、nly before nounprimary educationteaching at primary level4. The second most common use of the internet, according to 79 percent of the survey respondents , is to advance knowledge about the hobbies. ( Line 19)advance vt. 推进,进展,提出 n. 前进,预先advance the growth of industry 推进工业的增长advance a new plan 提出新计划

14、make great advances (progress) 取得进步in advance 预先,提前in advance of 在之前, 在前面If you want to get the book, you must pay for it in advance. 如果你要买这本书，你得先付款He walked in advance of his wife. 他走在他妻子的前面5. Another truly wonderful aspect of the internet is the way people use it to build social ties.build social

15、ties建立社会联系 (Line23)tie n.We have established trade ties with these regions.我们和这些地区建立了贸易关系。He was wearing a black tie. (领带)tie vt 绑,系 tie to 把栓在He tied his horse to the stick. 他把马栓在木桩上.6. benefit vt/vi. 对有利; 从得到利益The new hospital benefited us enormously.I benefited enormously from my fathers advice.n

16、. 利益, 恩惠, 益处I got a lot of benefit from learning a foreign language.be of benefit to 对有益 for the benefit of 为了的利益 benefit from/by 得益于That experience was of great benefit to me.The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public.We can benefit from exercises.7. moreover adv. 而且,此外,再者 (Line26

17、) =Whats more=besides=in additionHe was, moreover, a poet of promise.此外,他还是一个有前途的诗人。Bicycling is a good exercise; moreover, it doesn't pollute the air.骑自行车是很好的运动;而且还不污染环境。8. The main drawback of the internet I will address today are uncontrolled information.(L34)addressusually passive sth (to sb

18、/sth) to write on an envelope, etc. the name and address of the person, company, etc. that you are sending it to by mail:The letter was correctly addressed, but delivered to the wrong house. Address your application to the Personnel Manager.to make a formal speech to a group of people: to address a

19、meeting / rally / conference The President has been asked to address the assembly. sb sth to sb (formal) to say sth directly to sb:I was surprised when he addressed me in English. Any questions should be addressed to your teacher. The book is addressed to the general reader. sb (as sth) to use a par

20、ticular name or title for sb when you speak or write to them:There are different ways in which to address a member of the royal family. The judge should be addressed as 'Your Honour'. In Britain, a surgeon is addressed as 'Mr' not 'Dr'. (yourself to) sth (formal) to think abo

21、ut a problem or a situation and decide how you are going to deal with it:Your essay does not address the real issues. We must address ourselves to the problem of traffic pollution.9. These problems of inaccuracy do not occur as often when people use traditional ways to find information. (P35)如果人们用传统

22、的方法，这些由不精确信息引起的问题就不会如此频繁出现了。occurverb I -rr- (especially of accidents and other unexpected events) to happen:An accident involving over ten vehicles has occurred in the east-bound lane. verb I + adverb or preposition (-rr-) to exist or be present in, among, etc:Violence of some sort seems to occur i

23、n every society.occur to sb. phrasal verbIf a thought or idea occurs to you, it comes into your mind: + that It never even occurred to us that he hadn't been invited.10. advantage n. 优势,有利条件(P35. Line37)Richard has an advantage over you since he can speak German.They took full advantage of the h

24、otel's facilities. take advantage of=use/make use of There is little advantage in buying a dictionary if you can't read.不识字买字典没什么用Useful Phraseshave positive effects on sth 对.有积极的影响have negative effects on sth对.有消极的影响be included in 包括in need of 需要weather forecasts 天气预报current affairs 时事新闻aca

25、demic research 学术研究、turn to sb (for help) 向某人求助acquire knowledge from 从获取知识communicate with sb on sth 在某方面和某人交流all sorts of topics 各种话题a waste of time 浪费时间instead of 代替，而不是search for answers to questions 寻找问题的答案advance knowledge 增加知识gather information 收集信息be based on 以为基础rather than 而不是access to sth

26、 得到某物，通往某地的通道be involved in 涉及，卷入hand in papers 提交论文affect peoples private lives 影响人们的私生活gain popularity 得到普及be/become addicted to （doing）沉溺于，对上瘾feel disconnected to sth 与.切断联系limit the use of 限制.的使用handle the problems 处理问题form lifelong friendship 形成一生的友谊build social ties 建立社会联系at an Internet cafe 在

27、网吧deal with Internet addiction 处理网瘾Word PowerImportant Words1. meanvt. 意欲，计划 want or plan to do sth. I meant this photo for her. We had meant to be early. I mean you to spend this money for yourself. vt. （指字句等）意指，意谓 (of words, sentences, etc.) signify, import A dictionary tells you what words mean.

28、This word means nothing. adj. 吝啬的，自私的 wanting to keep everything for yourself She is mean and never invites people to meals. adj. 卑鄙的 of low character, aims, etc. It is a mean motive.GrammarLinking verbs - Sorts1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度

29、，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, standHe always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。3）表像系动词用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, lookHe looks tired. 他看起来很累。He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, tasteThis kind of cloth feels ver

30、y soft. 这种布手感很软。This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。5）变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意The rumor proved f

31、alse. 这谣言证实有假。The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果）Notes1.连系动词除be外通常不用于被动语态和进行时态中。例如: -Do you like the material? -Yes, it feels very soft. 2. 一般情况下，连系动词后主要跟形容词或分词作表语。例如: Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not， you may get run o

32、ver by a car. 3. 有些连系动词能跟名词作表语:be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain和turn等。注意:turn后跟(表示主语身份的)名词作表语时，不加冠词。例如: The population growth in China remains a problem. His wish is to become a scientist. He has turned thief. （注意 turn 后跟的名词一般要省去冠词。 ）He went a child but returned a worker. 4连系动词后也可跟介词短语: The a

33、rticle is about using the Internet to help people of all ages.5. 连系动词后也可跟不定式(to do / to be)，常见的有: appear, seem, remain, prove, look等。例如: Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it. On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most int

34、eresting guide. We all had a wonderful time. 6. 下面的句中 get，grow, become, go, turn 与其后面的词是固定的搭配，不能换用。如： She must have gotten lost. 她一定迷路了。 I must get ready to start. 我得准备出发。 Truth never grows old. 真理永远不会过时。 They are becoming more awakened. 他们越来越觉醒了。 The car was going cheap. 汽车越来越便宜了。 He must have gone

35、 mad. 他一定是疯了。 I turned fifty on my last birthday. 我上次过生日已满五十岁。TaskLanguage PointsOther than table tennis, what sport do people not like to play? (P44)除了乒乓球，还有什么运动人们不喜欢玩。other than1) FORMAL different from or except:Holidays other than those in this brochure do not have free places for children.The fo

36、rm cannot be signed by anyone other than yourself.2) in a negative sentence, used to mean 'except':There's nothing on TV tonight, other than rubbish.What sport do people prefer table tennis to? (P44) 比起乒乓球人们更喜欢什么运动？preferverb T (-rr-) to like, choose or want one thing rather than another

37、:Do you prefer hot or cold weather?I prefer red wine to white.+ ing form of verb He prefers watching rugby to playing it.+ to infinitive I'd prefer not to discuss this issue.FORMAL I'd prefer you not to smoke (= I would like it better if you did not smoke).ProjectImportant Words1. guide 

38、0;n领路人，导游者，引导者，指南  a guide book导游指南  A guide led us around the city向导带我们到市内各地去游玩。  A Guide to English Grammar 英语语法入门vt指导，支配，管理，带领，操纵     vi任向导  He guided us through the narrow streets to the supermarket.他领着我们穿过小街到那超市。  guide a persons hand 牵某人的手。 

39、60;常用guide sbin doing sth      guide sb to a place  guidance n指导，领导    guided adj有导游的    guided tour有导游的游览试题回顾 谢谢你指导我学习。  Thank you for guiding me in my study.  2. step v走，举步，移步，踏   vi走，跨步     nC 脚步，措

40、施，梯级，台阶   step intoout of sp. 走进走出某地;   step outside 走到外面   Go two steps, please跨两步。   take steps to do sth. = take measures to do sth. = do sth. to do采取措施做某事   She took a few steps towards the window她向窗口走了几步。   They have made a big step in

41、 their business他们在事业上迈进了一大步。   Sorry! Did I step on your toes?对不起!我是不是踩到你的脚了?   词组：in(out of) step步调(不)一致  step forward向前走         stepmother n继母        step by step一步一步地，逐渐地3. aid nu帮助，援助；C帮助者，有帮助的事物

42、He came to my aid他来帮助我。     first aid   急救with the aid of借着 的帮助    in aid of sb/sth  以支援或帮助某人/事物   come to sbs aid  前来（去）援助某人give sb a financial aid以财物支援某人     teaching aids教具vt资助，援助，帮助(比help正式)  aid sb inwith&

43、#160;      aid sbto do sth      He aided me in businesswith money他在事业上金钱上帮助我。试题回顾     _of the _stick，the injured went on his way     AWith the aid；walking           

44、        BUnder aid of；walking    CWith the help；walk                     DUnder the help；walking4. direct  adj. 直的，直接的，直系的，直率的   adv直接地

45、    a direct result直接后果        the direct rays of the sun太阳的直射光线    We flew direct from London to New York我们直接从伦敦飞到纽约。    vt. , vi指示方向，指路，指导，指挥    I directed the traveler to the hotel我告诉了这个旅行者去旅馆的路。 &

46、#160;  direction nc命令，指示；方位；(常用复数)指导，说明    词组：in all directions = in every direction 向四面八方          in the direction of  向方向          under sbs direction 在的指导下    &#

47、160; fromdirection从方向    director  n指导者；局长；董事    He is one of the directors of the company他是这个公司的董事之一。     完成句子1)He received inquiries about the matter  from  all directions2)We did the work  under  his direction5. link n. 关系

48、，联系 There may be a link between the two murders.   这两起谋杀案之间可能有联系。   have（commercial, cultural) links with     和有（商业，文化）往来，联系v.  link A with/ and B   link sth ( up)   将连接或联系起来    be linked with   和相连接或联系6. diffe

49、rently adv不同地     difference n. C，U 不同，差别，差异Young people must be taught to learn the difference between good and evil必须教导年轻人学会区分善与恶。tell the difference between A and B    说出A和B之间的区别There is a littlenogreat difference between A and B. A和B之间有些没有有很大区别。make a, no,some

50、difference (to sb/ sth)  (对某人/ 某物)有、没有、有些影响，起重要作用        make no difference没关系             make a difference between区别对待different adj不同的 be different from和不同       &

51、#160;   be different in在方面不同   A is nota littlequite different from B  A与B没有有些完全不同试题回顾   （汉译英）1)你选哪一个事关重大。 Which one you will choose makes great difference. 2)都市生活和乡村生活是非常不同的。 The life in the cities is quite different from that in the country.1. require  (1) v

52、t. 需要     require sb/ sth          require sb to do sth     sth require doing= sth require to be done     require that sb ( should) do sth  (2) vt. 要求     require sth of

53、sb     例：What do you require of me?     require sb to do sth     Its required that sb (should) do sth.  例：Its required that you arrive at 8 a.m.2. patient adj有耐心的，能容忍的(+with)   反义词：impatientn 病人；患者 Hes a very patient man他是个很有

54、耐心的人。The doctor is very patient with his patients那位医师对病人十分耐心。词组：be patient with sb/sth  容忍某人/某物be impatient with sb/ at sth 对不耐烦，无耐心be impatient for sth/ to do sth 急切地        be impatient of不能忍受patience  n耐心；容忍试题回顾   汉译英这位教师对学习差的学生很有耐心。 The

55、 teacher is patient with the students who are weak in their studies. 3. divide vtvi(常与in，into连用)分开；划分，(数学上的)除。   be divided into分成   (两份时用be divided into halves 或be divided in half)divide up分配   divide among/ between 在之间分配be divided by 被除   15 divided by 3 is

56、5  3除15等于5。试题回顾班级被分成6个小组。 The class is divided into six groups. 4. equal   adj(无比较级，反义词：unequal)相等的，均等的; 胜任的，合适的，不相上下的 equal pay for equal work同工同酬      be equal to sth / doing sth 等于; 能胜任Twice three is equal to six二三得六。   vt. equal sb/ sth (in sth)

57、与某人/ 某物相等或相同5. consideration，n考虑，思考   give a problem careful consideration仔细考虑问题   John never showed any consideration for anyone约翰从来不关心别人。   under consideration在考虑中   in consideration of考虑到，体谅   They didnt give him heavy work in consideration o

58、f his youth考虑到他年轻, 他们没给他繁重的工作。   takeinto consideration考虑到，顾及到consider doing sth考虑要做某事  consider n. as/ to be   consider sb to have done sth 认为某人做过某事    consider that-clause   试题回顾   汉译英    ；   1)我们正考虑赴加拿大。

59、0;    We  are   considering   leaving   for  Canada2我认为他是一个出色的音乐家。I  consider   him    to   be  /   as   a good musician6. basis nC基础，根据His theory has a solid basis in fact他的理论有确实的

60、事实为基础。What's the base offor your idea? 你这个想法的根据是什么?establishlay the basis offor  建立的基础On the basis of the facts, we can reach the following conclusion根据这些事实，我们可以导出如下结论。另外，两词的复数形式都为bases。base  n.基地，根据地C    an air base空军基地v.  baseonupon  以为基础辨析：base与basis两者都表示“基础

61、”之意。但base指具体的物品、物的底座、基地；而basis指抽象的(比喻)基础、根据。如：the base of a building建筑物的基础，the economic basis经济基础on the basis of以为基础7. bottom    n底，底部，尽头，末端    The bottom of the glass is wet玻璃杯的杯底是湿的。    The ship sank to the bottom of the sea那艘船沉到海底了。    a

62、t the bottom of  在的底部8. error nCU错误，过失，误差   You are in error你错了。    make (commit) an error出错误    spelling errors描写错误    lead sbinto error/ fall into error 误人歧途    do sthin error 误做某事9. consult v（1）商量，商议  consult with sb与

63、协商   （2）请教，参考  consult sb/ sth about sth     consult a doctor  看医生    Have you consulted your doctor about your illness?你找你的医生看过病情了吗?    注意：表示“查材料”consult后接“字典，书籍”等，而look up则接查询“字、词及相应的直接对象”。 look up the word in the dictionary 在字典

64、里查词，   consult a dictionary查字典10. cheat  n欺骗，骗子      v欺骗，骗取     cheat at sth   cheat sbintoout of 欺骗某人做不做  试题回顾    完成句子1)The salesman cheated her   into   buying a fake  at   

65、her money2)The boy cheated  in  the exam and was caught cheating11. attach v.   (1) attach sth to sth  将某物系在或附在另一物上  (2) attach oneself to sb   依附，缠着某人  (3) attach sb to sb/ sth   使隶属于     You will be attached to this department.  你将隶属于这个部门。  (4) attach to