游客在湿地旅游行为研究以中国杭州西溪湿地公园为例外文翻译(可编辑)

1、游客在湿地旅游行为研究以中国杭州西溪湿地公园为例外文翻译外文翻译原文Tourist Behaviors in Wetland Park: A Preliminary Study in Xixi National Wetland Park, Hangzhou, ChinaMaterial Source: China education innovation heraldAuthor:WU MingAbstract:Public education as well as tourism and leisure are the two important functions of national

2、wetland park, and tourist behaviors act as the guiding factor in the national wetland park construction and management. As the first national wetland park in China, Xixi National Wetland Park, located in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, will give constructive instructions to the construction and ma

3、nagement of other wetland parks and ecotourism resorts. This paper analyzed the tourist behaviors in Xixi National Wetland Park. By the observation, in-depth interview and questionnaire, the results show that tourists in wetland parks are different from those in the other commondestinations, and the

4、y are also different from those strict eco-tourists. In fact, the tourists in wetland park have unique characteristics, such as the intense perception to the functions of wetland ecosystem and the environmentimpact behaviors. Those tourists are preferred to natural landscapes intheir motivations and

5、 expectations. Wetland landscapes are the main image to those tourists in the Xixi National Wetland Park. Tourist expectation, experience and satisfaction are all critical factors for the success ofthe planning and management in national wetland parks. Based on the results, somemeasures for the sust

6、ainable development of wetland parks, including to optimize wetland theme landscape and tourism products, to improve tourist facilities and services, to enhance quality of visitor experiences, and to implement total quality management based on tourist characteristics, are given to national wetland p

7、ark ecotourism.Keywords: tourist behavior; ecotourism; Xixi National Wetland Park; China1 IntroductionAs a unique ecosystem, wetland has environmental, economic and social service functions. In the ecosystem service function of wetland, tourism and scientific education are very important, and they c

8、an be easily perceived by the public, too. Wetland ecotourism and education tourism are both the new effective wetlands resources exploitation. Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, was formally established as the first national wetland park on February 2, 2005 by State For

9、estry Administrationof China, and officially opened to the public onMay 1 in the sameyear. And now there are about 20 national wetland parks in China. The establishment of national wetland park is a new attempt in the wetland protection and utilization, and how to develop ecotourism becomes a key is

10、sue for the national wetland park Many researchers have interest in eco-tourists, and the behavioral approach has been the optimal method to research ecotourism and nature destination Kerstetter et al., 2004. Tourist behavior analysis is the most important content to carryout sustainable tourism Obu

11、a and Harding, 1996. In ecotourism resorts, such as national park, tourists prefer to observe wild animals and hike Glen and Philip, 1998. They expect that they can have chances to watch animals closely Derrin et al., 1997. One of the primary challenges facing ecotourism management is to establish a

12、 profitable and ecologically sustainable industry, while simultaneously achieving a satisfying experience for visitor and raising standards of living in the host community Lim and Mcaleer, 2005. The managers should enhance tourist experiences about nature Glen and Philip, 1998. The explanation servi

13、ces are important and can decrease tourism negative environment impact Hwang et al., 2005. By environment education tourists can change their behaviors and take part in directly maintaining and protecting nature Lim and McAleer, 2005. Orams 1995 argued that ecotourism management strategies should at

14、tempt to move ecotourism experiences beyond more enjoyment to a more active role which incorporated learning, attitude and behavioral change. The contemporary park management faces a number of challenges including minimization of the impact of increasing park visitation on resources, development of

15、effective public relations and educational programs in parks, implementation of viable park marketing and planning programs and effective park visitor risk management,so understanding the nature of park visitors is important for dealing with those difficulties above Galloway, 2002. The rejuvenation

16、and utilization of wetland are always the topics to researchers, while few literatures are about wetland tourism. In fact, tourism is an important function of wetland, and the recreational use of wetlands is not conflict with their conservation objectives, however decisions concerning the protection

17、 of wetlands should precede recreational planning Bacon, 1987.In recent years, Chinese scholars have paid muchattention to wetland tourism, and the studies were mainly about the development of wetland tourist resources and some issues of typical wetland ecotourism destinations, such as the Dongting

18、Lake wetland Xiong et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2004; Sheng, 2006, Hengshui Lake wetland Feng et al., 2006, Huanghe Yellow River Delta wetlands Li et al., 2004 , Poyang Lake wetland Lu and Liu, 2003, Xianghai wetland Sun and Wang, 2004 and so on. The characteristics of wetlands tourism resources, deve

19、lopment modes, and others were discussed, but those researches mainly concerned macroeconomic issues. There are few in-depth case researches, especially about wetlands tourists. This paper took Xixi National Wetland Park as the typical case to conduct a survey on tourists in wetland parks. Based on

20、the analysis of tourist behavior, somemeasures about the construction and management of national wetland parks were suggested.2 Study Area and MethodXixi National Wetland Park is located in the west of Hangzhou City, 16 km away from the city center, covering 10.08 km2 Fig. 1. Xixi wetland is a typic

21、al artificial urban wetland, cultural wetland and agricultural wetland, where there are pristine natural landscape and profound cultural heritage. More than 70%of the Xixi wetland is ports, ponds and other water areas.In this paper, questionnaires, field observation, indepth interviews and other met

22、hods were used to tourist surveys. Questionnaire content included the demographic characteristics, spatial behaviors, preferences, expectation, experiences and other aspects. Most of items had selective answers, and some problems required tourists to give their own ideas in the questionnaires. The s

23、urvey was made from March to June in 2006. The purposive sampling method was adopted, and the respondents were the visitors who had a complete travel experience. The samples included groups and individuals, and totally 141 questionnaires were returned. Furthermore, field observation, track survey an

24、d random interview were all used in this paper in order to record the words and behaviors of tourists and assist the questionnaires. In order to ensure validity, one pretest was conducted before the formal questionnaires3 Tourist Behaviors in Xixi National WetlandParkThe surveys in this paper show t

25、hat tourist behaviors in Xixi National Wetland Park are different from other common tourism destinations.3.1 Demographic characteristicsThe demographic characteristics of tourists in this study included basic information such as original place, age, occupation, family structure, monthly income, and

26、education degree Table 1. From the findings of the survey, many tourists of Xixi National Wetland Park were from the nearby area, of which the tourists from Zhejiang Province accounted for 72.00%. The main tourists were young and middle-aged, and the ones from 19 years old to 40 years old accounted

27、for 77.20%. Students, white-collars, science and education staffswere the main part of tourists, whichaccounted for 74.34% of the totalrespondents. The singlesand thefamilies with children occupied the main part of the respondents. In the survey result, unmarried tourists accounted for 50.47%, and t

28、he married and with children ones accounted for 40.19%. Many tourists had higher education, and 59.82% of the respondents were the undergraduates and above.译文游客在湿地旅游行为研究以中国杭州西溪湿地公园为例资料来源 : 中国学术期刊网作者 : 吴明摘要 : 公众教育以及旅游与休闲是国家湿地公园的两项重要的功能 , 游客行为是国家湿地公园结构和管理作为充当指南的因素。中国第一的国家湿地, 西溪湿地坐落于浙江省杭州市。 作为中国第一的国家湿地

29、公园将会给园林道路的施工和管理其他湿地公园提出建设性的建议。 这篇论文分析游客在西溪国家湿地公园的行为。通过对资料研究, 深度访问 , 调查问卷 , 结果表明游客在湿地公园和其他景区有不同的地方 , 而且它去其他的经济型的旅游者也存在一定的差异。 事实上 ,游客在湿地公园具有独特性质, 例如对湿地生态系统的功能那种强烈的认知明显的显示环境影响行为。 优美的自然环境是游客旅游动机和期望的主要原因。 西溪湿地的风景是那些游客对西溪湿地主要的印象。游客期望, 体验和满意是成功的规划和管理在国民湿地公园的关键因素。通过以优化湿地主题景观, 改善旅游产品设施和服务, 提高游客体验质量 , 全面实施以游客

30、行为特征为依据等一系列措施 , 建立可持续发展公园。根据这样的措施从而被给予国家湿地公园生态旅游。关键词 : 旅游行为 ; 生态旅游 ; 西溪国家湿地公园 ; 中国1 介绍作为一个独特生态系统, 湿地有环境的 , 经济的 , 社会服务的功能。 在湿地的生态服务功能系统中, 对于旅游, 科学教育非常重要 , 他们也可以是容易地被公众感知。湿地生态旅游, 教育旅游是两者都能有效的沼泽地资源开发。西溪国家湿地公园坐落于浙江省杭州市, 正式建立第一国家湿地公园在 2005年 2 月 2 日由中国林业管理, 在 2005 年 5 月 1 日正式对外开放。 现在中国有20 个湿地性公园。国家湿地公园的建立

31、是一种新的对湿地的保护。 如何开发国家湿地公园成为开发生态旅游的一个关键问题。许多研究学者都对生态旅游者的行为方法是研究生态旅游性目的地都非常有兴趣 kerstetter,2004 。游客行为分析对于贯彻进行可持续旅游非常重要obua, 哈丁 ,1996 。在生态旅游度假胜地中 , 例如国家公园 , 游客更多的是喜欢观察野生动物和徒步旅行Glen and Philip, 1998 。他们希望有机会能够近距离的观察动物 Derrin et al., 1997。建立一个可持续性有效的生态环境同时还实现游客满意体验和提高当地社会生活水平是生态管理的主要挑战之一Lim and Mcaleer, 200

32、5 。管理者应该更多的提高游客对自然的体验Glen and Philip, 1998 。讲解服务非常重要能够减少旅游负面的环境影响 Hwang et al., 2005 。通过环境教育旅游者可以改变他们的行为让他们能直接的维持保护自然Limand McAleer, 2005 。 orams1995 认为生态旅游管理策略将尝试要求生态旅游经验以外更好的享受学习 , 态度 , 行为变化一个更加活跃角色。 当代公园管理面临许多的挑战包括尽量减少停车位资源问题 , 在公园里有效的发展公共关系和教育计划 , 实施可行的公园市场计划项目 , 有效提高游客管理质量, 如此处理这些困难是在与前提要了解游客的自然需求Galloway, 2002 。湿地的可持续性一直是学者的主要的研究话题但很少有关于湿地旅游文化。事实上, 旅游是湿地的一个重要功能 , 它的娱乐性使用与湿